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    Vietnamese in Orange County
    Vietnamese in Orange County
    Vietnamese in Orange County
    Ebook214 pages1 hour

    Vietnamese in Orange County

    By Thuy Vo Dang, Linda Trinh Vo and Tram Le

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    Vietnamese Americans have transformed the social, cultural, economic, and political life of Orange County, California. Previously, there were Vietnamese international students, international or war brides, or military personnel living in the United States, but the majority arrived as refugees and immigrants after the end of the Vietnam War in 1975. Although they are lumped together as "refugees," Vietnamese Americans are diverse in terms of their class, ethnic, regional, religious, linguistic, and ideological backgrounds. Their migration path varied, and they often struggled with resettling in a new homeland and rebuilding their lives. They are dispersed throughout the country, but many are concentrated in central Orange County, where three cities--Westminster, Garden Grove, and Santa Ana--have "Welcome to Little Saigon" signs. They constitute the largest population of Vietnamese outside of Vietnam and have created flourishing residential neighborhoods and bustling commercial centers and contribute to the political and cultural life of the region. This book captures snapshots of Vietnamese life in Orange County over the span of 40 years and shows a dynamic, vibrant community that is revitalizing the region.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherArcadia Publishing
    Release dateMar 9, 2015
    ISBN9781439650288
    Vietnamese in Orange County

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      Vietnamese in Orange County - Thuy Vo Dang

      Diep.)

      One

      HISTORY

      Vietnam is an S-shaped country bordered by China to the north, Laos and Cambodia to the west, and the South China Sea on the south and the east. In the mid-19th century, France colonized the country and greatly influenced its culture and politics. After World War II, the Viet Minh, a nationalist group, defeated the French in 1954, and the country was divided at the 17th parallel into North and South Vietnam. This partition resulted in a mass displacement of approximately one million Vietnamese from north to south. Connected to Cold War–era politics, the Soviet and Chinese-backed North and US-backed South fought a war for two decades. While 58,000 American military personnel lost their lives, millions of Vietnamese soldiers and civilians were killed during the war. The conflict also spread to neighboring Laos and Cambodia, causing millions of additional casualties. The war also led to countless numbers of injuries and major displacement of populations in the country. The South Vietnamese government surrendered on April 30, 1975, with the Fall of Saigon, which led to the mass exodus of Vietnamese from their homeland. In the closing days of the war, thousands of Vietnamese fled the country for fear of the brutality of the communist regime. In the ensuing decades, many more risked their lives to escape Vietnam. Presently, there are close to two million Vietnamese in the United States.

      In the early 1900s, Vietnam was part of the region called French Indochina. This postcard shows a bird’s-eye view of the Saigon River in the colonial days. (Courtesy of the UCI Libraries Southeast Asian Archive, MS-SEA011.)

      In 1954, Le Huu Khoan, a Garden Grove resident, walks with his father and brothers outside a courthouse in South Vietnam. Khoan’s father, Le Huu Tham, served as a judge in Rach Gia, Vietnam. (Courtesy of the UCI Vietnamese American Oral History Project, VAOHP0055.)

      Steve Pho (center) is with his friends on their first school camping trip in Da Lat, Vietnam, in 1964. He later joined the military, moved to Saigon to fight for South Vietnam, and became a boatperson refugee in the 1980s. (Courtesy of the UCI Vietnamese American Oral History Project, VAOHP0164.)

      In 1959, this photograph was taken the day of Phan Anh Huy’s baptism in front of the family home in Saigon on Truong Minh Giang Street. Catholicism took root in Vietnam due to the influence of the French. All the children in the front row are her older siblings; some would later leave Vietnam as refugees. (Courtesy of the UCI Vietnamese American Oral History Project, VAOHP0038.)

      This was the Phan family’s yearly vacation, taken in the early 1970s at Cape Saint Jacques Beach, which is now Vung Tau, a popular tourist destination in Vietnam. Phan Anh Huy (far right) poses with some of her siblings. She and her family have since immigrated to the United States, and several family members live in Orange County. (Courtesy of Trinh Mai.)

      Laura Smith, an American missionary (center), is pictured here outside of a Da Nang orphanage in 1967. She ran a small orphanage that took in Vietnamese and nearby tribal children. The Vietnam War created a large number of orphans, many who lived on the streets and had to fend for themselves. (Courtesy of Joe Carrier.)

      As war was raging in the country, this scene of everyday life on Nguyen Hue Boulevard in Saigon in 1966 depicts boys gathering around a street peddler to buy some refreshments. (Courtesy of Joe Carrier.)

      Pictured here with a fellow soldier in Nha Trang, Thomas Toan Phan was an Army of the Republic of Vietnam officer who was drafted in 1972 at age 20. He trained in the United States and then returned as an officer in the central region. After the South fell, he was sent to a re-education camp. He escaped Vietnam by boat in 1986 and arrived in a refugee camp in Phanat Nikhom, Thailand. After his resettlement in America, he sponsored his wife and children. (Courtesy of the UCI Vietnamese American Oral History Project, VAOHP0100.)

      In 1969, Tu Anh Vu, a South Vietnamese helicopter pilot, received formal fighter pilot training by the US military in Texas. He is featured here (far right) with other officers-in-training. He escaped Vietnam on April 30, 1975, with his wife and daughter, and they resettled in Georgia. He found a career as an airline avionics technician for United Airlines and settled in Huntington Beach with his family. (Courtesy of the UCI Vietnamese American Oral History Project, VAOHP0024.)

      The Vietnam War was the first televised war in US history. Pulitzer Prize–winning photographer Nick Ut (front row, second from left) captured iconic images from the war, including The Terror of War photographs, which showed children after a napalm bombing. In this 1966 photograph, he is with the Associated Press staff in front of the Vietnam National Assembly building. (Courtesy of the UCI Vietnamese American Oral History Project, VAOHP0204.)

      On June 25, 1972, Nick Ut captured this image of wounded civilians and troops pushing their way aboard a South Vietnamese evacuation helicopter hovering over a stretch of Highway 13 near An Loc. (Courtesy of the UCI Vietnamese American Oral History Project, VAOHP0204.)

      Anti-war demonstrations were part of American life in the

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