The 1984 New Orleans World's Fair
By Bill Cotter
()
About this ebook
In 1984, the city of New Orleans hosted the last world's fair held in the United States.
Conceived as part of an ambitious effort to revitalize a dilapidated section of the city and establish New Orleans as a year-round tourist destination, it took more than 12 years of political intrigue and design changes before the gates finally opened. Stretching 84 acres along the Mississippi River, the fair entertained more than seven million guests with a colorful collection of pavilions, rides, and restaurants during its six-month run. While most world's fairs lose money, the 1984 New Orleans World's Fair had the dubious distinction of going bankrupt and almost closing early. However, the $350-million investment did succeed in bringing new life to the area, which is now home to the city's convention center and a bustling arts district.
Bill Cotter
Bill Cotter is the author of the novels Fever Chart, The Parallel Apartments, and The Splendid Ticket. He is also responsible for the middle-grade adventure series Saint Philomene’s Infirmary, published by Henry Holt. His short fiction has appeared in The Paris Review, Electric Literature, and elsewhere. An essay, “The Gentleman’s Library,” was awarded a Pushcart Prize in 2013. When he is not writing, Cotter labors in the antiquarian book trade. He lives in Austin with his wife, the retired opera singer Krissy Olson.
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The 1984 New Orleans World's Fair - Bill Cotter
Orleans.
INTRODUCTION
As a fan of world’s fairs, the 1984 New Orleans World’s Fair has long fascinated me. It was widely panned while it was open, and many people blame its financial problems for ending the possibility of future such events in the United States. Indeed, it was the last world’s fair to be held in America. And yet, despite the problems the fair encountered, it has a host of loyal fans who still recall it fondly today.
To say the fair lost money is undoubtedly true, for it ended up awash in a sea of red ink. It has the dubious distinction of being the only fair forced to declare bankruptcy while the gates were still open. Many of its participants lost large sums of money, and a long list of creditors went unpaid. Fair executives were forced to defend themselves in a long series of lawsuits that went on for years. Despite these problems, the fair has to be properly measured against the test of time.
To do so, one must first look back at the years that led up to the fair and understand the economic and political forces that brought it to life. An event as large as a world’s fair just doesn’t come into being without a reason, and it should not come as a surprise that the reason for this fair was money. Specifically, from the start, the fair was intended as a means of bringing more tourists—and their money—to town.
When the first talk of a world’s fair surfaced in 1974, the potential exposition was touted as a way to garner sufficient state and federal funds to build a new convention center. While New Orleans has long been famous for the annual Mardi Gras celebrations, when thousands of tourists arrive to enjoy the parades, costumes, and partying, the city had failed to develop much in the way of a steady year-round tourist or convention business. New Orleans had a lot to offer, including some well-known restaurants and nightclubs, but the infrastructure simply was not there to support a significant convention trade or to attract families interested in seeing the city or the rest of Louisiana.
This was the reason that New Orleans would eventually come to host a world’s fair. The fair designers built their entire project around the new convention center, for there could not be one without the other. In doing so, they brought new life into the run-down area surrounding the site. They also threw a party the likes of which most cities could only dream about.
For the six months of the fair, New Orleans had a special reason to celebrate. The fair offered visitors a variety of pavilions and shows, which is expected at any world’s fair, but more importantly, it provided a condensed version of some of the excitement that is New Orleans. Visitors to the fair could enjoy live music in several different venues, ranging from small stages to a massive new amphitheater. There were daily parades capped by a fireworks show each evening, but perhaps most importantly, the fair offered some unique dining and drinking experiences to local visitors and those new to the area.
It’s this feeling of fun and entertainment that made me want to tell the complete story of the fair. It wouldn’t be right to gloss over the problems of the fair, but it would be worse to focus on them and ignore the fact that millions of guests came and enjoyed themselves. That is the reason that most people go to fairs—not to be educated, but to try a new experience or two and have fun in the process.
Petr Spurney, the man who ran the fair, mentioned that they had seriously miscalculated how often season pass holders would come to the fair. The official estimate of 5 to 10 uses turned out to be quite wrong; it was not uncommon for pass owners to come back 30 to 40 times. While the rest of the world may not have come in the numbers hoped for, many local residents did make the most of the event. They kept coming back because they were having fun.
Now, almost 25 years after the fair closed, and after the last of the lawsuits was settled, numerous critics have started reevaluating the fair and its impact on the city. The fair is now credited with increasing the convention and tourism businesses as originally planned, but it is also now widely acknowledged as having been the impetus behind the revitalized surrounding community. A lively arts district has taken hold, with pricey lofts replacing the little-used warehouses that were there before the fair. The city not only has its convention center but a busy cruise ship terminal, a successful mall, and numerous hotels, all on the former fair site.
This is the story I have tried to convey. The 1984 World’s Fair had a lasting effect on the city, one far greater than most realized at the time. It was also, despite the notoriously hot and muggy New Orleans weather, a very special place that deserves another look. Hopefully this collection of photographs will help recapture some of that spark and magic.
– Bill Cotter
August 2008
www.worldsfairphotos.com
One
BRINGING THE WORLD TO NEW ORLEANS
For six months in 1984, the 82-acre site of the Louisiana World Exposition will become a separate and fanciful world.
—Pre-fair marketing booklet
When the gates of the 1984 World’s Fair opened on May 12, it was the culmination of an effort that had taken 10 years and millions of dollars. The project had started in 1974, when Edward Stagg, the executive director of the Council for a Better Louisiana, saw a fair as an opportunity to build a more robust convention business. Other cities, including Seattle, Montreal, and San Antonio, had used their fairs to build the infrastructure needed to attract more visitors or