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    Newton's Gravitation and Cosmic Expansion (IV Theories)
    Newton's Gravitation and Cosmic Expansion (IV Theories)
    Newton's Gravitation and Cosmic Expansion (IV Theories)
    Ebook37 pages26 minutes

    Newton's Gravitation and Cosmic Expansion (IV Theories)

    By James Constant

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    This fourth part compares the present theory with mainline and Einstein's theory and gives a summary of the present theory. I discuss the mainline and Einstein's theories, instantaneous and retarded action theories, Brillouin's field mass theory and the present theory in two parts, the non-linear and linear universes. The non-linear and linear expansion versions of the present theory are discussed respectively as infinite and finite size eternal existence steady state universes. Brillouin's field mass theory predicts 11 orders unseen cosmic mass above cosmic rest mass Mo and requires that all distance estimates must be revised if the effects of negative field mass is accounted for. While negative field mass makes the observation of galaxies difficult, its suggestion for the conservation of mass, and thus a finite cosmic sphere, puts a serious question on a theory of non-linear expansion of the universe which predicts an eternal existence infinite universe. The non-linear expansion theory, based on the doppler relativistic formula, is an infinite size eternal existence steady state. I define the Radition universe beyond 3.96 bly the high end of Hubble's linear law. The source of the Microwave background is the Radiation Universe. The present linear expansion theory, based on Hubble's linear law no longer assumed valid at all distances, is a finite size eternal existence steady state universe. It is a spherical cavity in which energy flows simultaneously inwards from hot to cold and outwards from cold to hot, in which man has only observed the incoming redshift part. I assume the cosmic energy and cosmic radius are finite and I speculate that the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics and arrow of time may be reversible. Planck black body spectra are located within the cavity. I characterizes the universe as an eternal existence steady state spherical cavity in which the Radiation region is a Planck blackbody which produces the observed microwave background on Earth. I find that the ideas of distance and time are meaningless in the Radiation Universe.

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherJames Constant
    Release dateOct 13, 2014
    ISBN9781311430663
    Newton's Gravitation and Cosmic Expansion (IV Theories)
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    James Constant

    writes on law, government, mathematics and science, as they are and as they should be

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      Book preview

      Newton's Gravitation and Cosmic Expansion (IV Theories) - James Constant

      NEWTON'S GRAVITATION AND COSMIC EXPANSION

      Part 4 of 5 Parts

      James Constant

      Smashwords Edition

      Copyright © 2012 by James Constant

      Smashwords Edition, License Notes

      This ebook is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This ebook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each recipient. If you’re reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then please return to Smashwords.com and purchase your own copy. Thank you for respecting the hard work of this author.

      Table of Contents

      Introduction

      THEORIES COMPARED

      Mainline Theories

      Einstein's Theory

      Instantaneous and Retarded Action Theories

      Brillouin's Field Mass Theory

      The Present Theory

      Non Linear Theory

      Linear Theory

      Introduction

      The present theory in five parts is based on classical mechanics and special relativity. Each part of the work is presented as a separate web page. This first part of the work describes the cosmic force of gravitation, in terms of classical gravistatics, analogous to electrostatics, describes the action at a distance and retarded action types of universes, respectively, as likely and unlikely, describes Hubble's Linear Law, Cosmic matter density and the Hubble Horizon. It provides non relativistic forces of expansion and Newtonian gravitation within the span of Hubble's Linear Law, values for the cosmic mass density, cosmic rest mass and radius. The theory disproves Mach's Principle and considers the Big Bang Theory unlikely. http://www.coolissues.com/gravitation/Nonrelativistic/ncosm1.htm.

      The second part provides a nonlinear extension to Hubble's Linear Law, describes the relativistic cosmic forces of expansion and gravitation, and the effect of mass shielding by the negative field of galactic and cosmic mass. It discusses the cosmic forces of expansion and slowdown as they apply to the observed receding galaxies, develops a speed distance law from observations, gives a detailed relativistic description of the cosmic forces of expansion and gravitation, and emphasizes the effect of mass shielding by the negative field of galactic and cosmic mass. The theory predicts that velocity slowdown occurs at lower speeds (nearest distances) and

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