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    The Epic of Gilgamish A Fragment of the Gilgamish Legend in Old-Babylonian Cuneiform
    The Epic of Gilgamish A Fragment of the Gilgamish Legend in Old-Babylonian Cuneiform
    The Epic of Gilgamish A Fragment of the Gilgamish Legend in Old-Babylonian Cuneiform
    Ebook98 pages31 minutes

    The Epic of Gilgamish A Fragment of the Gilgamish Legend in Old-Babylonian Cuneiform

    By Stephen Langdon

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    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherArchive Classics
    Release dateSep 1, 2010
    The Epic of Gilgamish A Fragment of the Gilgamish Legend in Old-Babylonian Cuneiform
    Author

    Stephen Langdon

    Stephen Langdon was an American-born British Assyriologist. Born to George Knowles and Abigail Hassinger Langdon in Monroe, Michigan, Langdon studied at the University of Michigan, participating in Phi Beta Kappa and earning a BA in 1898 and an MA in 1899. Following this he went to New York’s Union Theological Seminary, graduating in 1903, and then on to Columbia University to obtain a PhD in 1904. Langdon then became a fellow of Columbia in France (1904–1906), during which time he was ordained as a deacon of the Church of England (1905) in Paris. Subsequently, he moved to Oxford University in England, becoming a Shillito reader in Assyriology in 1908, a British citizen in 1913, and after the retirement of Archibald Sayce, a professor of Assyriology in 1919. However, in 1916, when World War I had diminished the size of his classes in England, he spent some time at the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, serving as the curator of its Babylonian section.

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      Book preview

      The Epic of Gilgamish A Fragment of the Gilgamish Legend in Old-Babylonian Cuneiform - Stephen Langdon

      The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Epic of Gilgamish, by Stephen Langdon

      This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with

      almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or

      re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included

      with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org

      Title: The Epic of Gilgamish

      A Fragment of the Gilgamish Legend in Old-Babylonian Cuneiform

      Author: Stephen Langdon

      Release Date: July 23, 2006 [EBook #18897]

      Language: EN

      *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE EPIC OF GILGAMISH ***

      Produced by Jeroen Hellingman and the Online Distributed

      Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net/

      The Epic of Gilgamish

      by Stephen Langdon

      University of Pennsylvania

      The University Museum

      Publications of the Babylonian Section

      Vol. X No. 3

      Introduction

      In the year 1914 the University Museum secured by purchase a large six column tablet nearly complete, carrying originally, according to the scribal note, 240 lines of text. The contents supply the South Babylonian version of the second book of the epic ša nagba imuru, He who has seen all things, commonly referred to as the Epic of Gilgamish. The tablet is said to have been found at Senkere, ancient Larsa near Warka, modern Arabic name for and vulgar descendant of the ancient name Uruk, the Biblical Erech mentioned in Genesis X. 10. This fact makes the new text the more interesting since the legend of Gilgamish is said to have originated at Erech and the hero in fact figures as one of the prehistoric Sumerian rulers of that ancient city. The dynastic list preserved on a Nippur tablet¹ mentions him as the fifth king of a legendary line of rulers at Erech, who succeeded the dynasty of Kish, a city in North Babylonia near the more famous but more recent city Babylon. The list at Erech contains the names of two well known Sumerian deities, Lugalbanda² and Tammuz. The reign of the former is given at 1,200 years and that of Tammuz at 100 years. Gilgamish ruled 126 years. We have to do here with a confusion of myth and history in which the real facts are disengaged only by conjecture.

      The prehistoric Sumerian dynasties were all transformed into the realm of myth and legend. Nevertheless these rulers, although appearing in the pretentious nomenclature as gods, appear to have been real historic personages.³ The name Gilgamish was originally written dGi-bil-aga-miš, and means "The fire god (Gibil) is a commander," abbreviated to dGi-bil-ga-miš, and dGi(š)-bil-ga-miš, a form which by full labialization of b to u̯ was finally contracted to dGi-il-ga-miš.⁴ Throughout the new text the name is written with the abbreviation dGi(š),⁵ whereas the standard Assyrian text

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