Converting electrical power into visible radiation No electrodes

DISCHARGE TYPES
CAPACITIVE DISCHARGE:

Sheath impedance controls the discharge current of capacitive RF discharge Power P is proportional to wVrf

Collection of uncharged molecules Consists of equal number of positive and negative charges

RF LIGHTING
RF lamps appeared about 100 years ago
DISCHARGE TUBES:

Glass tube with electrodes at each end

INDUCTIVE DISCHARGE

Operates Power

over wide range of gas pressure

transfer efficiency=(Pp/(Pp + Pc))

WAVE-SUSTAINED DISCHARGES

Wave length is comparable to plasma size Maintained by electro magnetic waves

CHOICE OF FREQUENCY AND DISCHARGE TYPE

The frequency range between 2.2-3.0MHZ has reduced restrictions on EMI For frequencies at a few tens of kilohertz generator efficiency is rather high

COMMERCIAL RF LIGHT SOURCES

MICROWAVE POWERED SULPHUR LAMPS:

Life rating of 15,000 hr Low infrared and ultra violet emission Good color stability

MICROWAVE GENERATION:

Electrons are emitted from cathode Anode surrounding the cathode attracts the electrons Electrons take circular path

SPHERICAL EXTERNAL-COIL INDUCTION LAMP

Induction coil wrapped around the lamp Screen cage surrounds the lamp to reduce EMI emissions Operates at 27 W Efficiency is 37lm/w

RE-ENTRANT CAVITY INDUCTION LAMP

Operating at 2.65 MHZ Available in three wattages-55w,85w and 165w Shaped standard incandescent lamps 100,000 hr average rated life

Lamp power is 23w at 48 lm/w Up to 15,000 hours of rated life

LOW-FREQUENCY EXTENDED-COIL INDUCTION LAMP:

Consists of pyre x glass tube Operating frequency is 250khz Minimizes problems associated with EMI Ballast design is simpler than RF system at 2.65MHz

ADVANTAGES
Absence of electrodes Maintenance is low It has instant and harmless starting Efficiency is high Control actions from remote places are easy The lamp luminous can be easily controllable

DISADVANTAGES

Cost is higher than fluorescent and incandescent lamps With increasing frequency efficiency will decrease If the frequency changes there are more problems with EMI More complex design Maintenance is not much easy

FUTURE SCOPE

Suitable for general lighting within a plant as well as out door areas Economical choice for many plants

CONCLUSION

Great opportunity for increased durability, light output and efficiency Removes many of the lamp shape restrictions of conventional electrode discharge lamps