Forest our friend

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Role of forest natural/economical?

Forests preserve and protect our water ressources, our land, our air, they have recreative and aesthetical value for the society

Romania

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Role of forest Bulgaria (ranks

third in Europe in biodiversity with many rare and endemic species)
v preserve over 80 % of the protected plants

and over 60 % of the endangered species in the country. v a key role in preventing the erosion and keeping the sources of water which is used also in agriculture, for industrial purposes and for generating of energy. v a shelter for the populations of 43 globally endangered animal species and plants. v a wonderful place for relax and tourism.
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In Bulgaria exist:

3 national parks 10 nature parks 55 game reserves 35 maintained reserves

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Role of forest - Greece

Contribution in natural balance and economical development

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Role of forest Spain (is

considered the largest reserve of biodiversity in Europe)
v A forest doesnt have any role. The forests in

our planet exist because Nature puts them in the Earth ,not in each country. You can enjoy it you can fight to preserve them but Nature doesnt have any aim. v But the truth is that in all the countries some companies use forests to earn money.

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In Spain exist :
v 14 National parks - one of them in

Extremadura v 79 Natural Parks

v and lots of littles special protected

spaces( such ZEPA zona de especial proteccin de aves, Special Protection Area for 6/20/12 birds)

Role of forest Turkey

v the forests include several flora and fauna

species as well as various medical, aromatical, industrial and ornamental plants. v the habitats of many animals and species. v provide fresh air and helps to decrease the effects global warming v 48 percent of Turkey forests are fertilized, that is why, these areas can be used for agriculture purpose.

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Role of forest Italy

v The aim is to protect many rare and endemic

species and keep them alive. v Woods in Sicily have a key role in preventing the erosion. v The forests give the many endangered animal species and plants a shelter. v wonderful places where people can go for picnics, or simply to have a rest.

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Role of forest Poland

v the atmospheric air purification from

v v v

contamination what means that the forest absorbs carbon dioxide and generates oxygen. the forests of Poland prevent from the ozone hole formation and very dangerous global warming. the natural habitat and shelter for wildly living animals and plants. thanks to the forests the local climate becomes gentler. prevent from the flood and have as well a key 6/20/12 role in preventing the soul from erosion.

Poland
v an ideal place for relax and grace our country

with an oasis of silence, peace and greenery.

v the forests of Poland provide both the main

building materials ( for furniture and paper production) and resin, fruits, herbs, mushrooms, game. v provide the place for work for people who are occupied themselves with hunting and 6/20/12 forestry.

What persantage of surface in your country are forests?

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What kinds of forests predominate in your country?

Romania coniferous broadleaved oak beech pine birch sycamore maple fir Bulgaria Greece Turkey Poland Italy Spain

* * *

* * * * * * * * *

* * * * * * * *
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* * *

Romania mixed hardwood mixed softwood spruce cedar juniper

Bulgaria

Greece

Turkey

Poland

Italy

Spain

* * * * * *

larch Mixed forests ash alder

* * * *
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Romani Bulgaria Greece Turkey Poland a myrtle Frankinc ense trees eucalitt o cerro cork Chestnu t trees mediter ranean decidou s canaria n * *

Italy

Spain

* * * *

* *

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What danger can forests face in your country?

v deforestation v cutting valuable species of trees v extinction of different plants and animals v shortsighted management of the forests v v v v v

resources the high levels of illegal activities in the forestry sector a forest fire a forest diseases acid rains 6/20/12 the air pollution

v drought v a big freeze v flood v a foehn wind in the mountains v mushroom disease v pets

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What kinds of animals and plants can become extinct in your country?

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6/20/12

Lilium janke

Leontopodium alpinum orc his

Caragana frutex Nuphar lutea

Cypripedium 6/20/12 Nymphaea alba european Tulipa calceolus white waterlily

Aquila heliaca

Emys orbicularis Delphinus delphis

Pelecanus crispus

Monachus 6/20/12 monachus

Oryctes nasicornis

BRUCO GRUB OR CATERPILLAR

Falco naumanni

Graellsia isabellae

Oxyura 6/20/12 leucocephala

ursus arctos iberian lynx

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Gallotia bravoana

aguilaimperial

pelic an

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CAPRA DI GIRGENTI GIRGENTI GOAT

Goaetus barbatus

BARBAGIANNI BARN OWL

Valencia hispanica
6/20/12 Aphanius

iberus

Black goat

Canis lupus signatus

MUFLONE MOUFLON

6/20/12 sturg eon

ASINO DONKEY

Ciconia nigra black stork bust ard

Falco tinnunculus the kestrel

Dryocopus martius-black woodpecker 6/20/12

Accipiter gentilis northern goshawk

Neophron percnopter egyptian vulture

jac kal

Black vulture Lutra lutra european otter Malpolon monsessul 6/20/12

Bell flower

Paeonioa mascula - peony

Leucojum- spring snowflake

cycla men

Lilium chalcedonicu

Snow drop

Tulipa hageri boiss red tulip

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gazz elle

Striped hyena Wild sheep

Great deer

horned goat

Wild goat
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Falco longipennis peregrine falcon

caperc aillie

Tetrao tetrixblack grouse

European bison 6/20/12

Lynx pardinus

Gyps fulvus vulture Aguila adalberti Spanish imperial eagle Goaetus barbatus

Aguila chrysaetos

Hieraaetus 6/20/12 fasciatus southern eagle

Hyla intermedi a

Testudo hermanni

Podarcis raffonei - lizard

Caretta 6/20/12 caretta

Abies nebrodensis Sicilian fir

ALBERO DI AMARENE SOUR CHERRY TREE

Zelkova sicula

Viola ucriana Calendula maritima6/20/12 sea marigold

ABETE DEI NEBRODI ABIES NEBRODENSIS

CALENDULA MARITTIMA ZELKOVA SICULA

VIOLA DI UCRIA

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Is decreasing area of forest a problem in your country and what are the results Spain v Romania, Greece, Turkey, Italy, of it?

Yes
v Bulgaria - it used to be , but during the recent

years the percentage of forests in the country has increased v Poland - decreasing area of forests in Poland does not present problems
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The results .
v Uncontrolled cutting of trees by the owners of

private property forests, violation of forest laws, defective application of forest laws, regarding trespass and offence Romania v The results are disruption of the ecosystem, climate changes, soil erosion and floods Greece

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The results ..
v We lost our natural heritage and we lost our

main source of healthstones cant be eaten! Spain v This causes destruction of habitats of many species, air pollution,erosion and so on.. Turkey

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The results
v The serious problem touches on cutting down

the old trees what has a damaging effect on the particular species of plants and animals habitat Poland

problems in Sicily such as landslides, water's loss, desertification. in spite of everything, in the last few years environmental policy is trying to carry forward 6/20/12 reforestation to increase the wood areas - Italy

v The decrease of woods is creating many

What can we do to help to save forest?

v Respect forest laws(forest code =

46/2008)and put them into practice by everyone including all the authorities. v To protect it with law from people who destroy it. Keep it clean.

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What can we do .?
v Reforestation, recycle paper, using less paper,

environmental education, volunteering. v Prevent a forest fire, plant new trees, Educate people about the importance and benefits of forest. v Give more strict fines to people who damage the forests

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What can we do ..?

v introduce clean technologies and

v v v

restructuring of stands into mixed systems containing different species of broadleaf trees which are pollution-resistant. Reforestation with rapids latifoglie (grassy or woody plants with wide leaves) growth to defend the ground; bands firebreak to prevent the fires: care of the already existing woods; creation of artificial harvests of water next to the woods;
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What can we do .?
v We must work in programs like our hand in

hand In the future our students will vote and those votes will be able to force new affective laws to protect nature.

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Thank you for your attention and patience

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