SCHOOL-BASED ASSESSMENT

-An Overview
By

Lim Seng Leong

SMK BUKIT JAMBUL PULAU PINANG

What is SBA?
Assessment that is planned, administered, scored and

reported by the school. MES prepares instruments pertaining to standards, criteria, guidelines and regulations. Aims to enable candidates to measure their mastery of knowledge, skills and values against fixed criteria. Enables candidates to improve on their achievements.

Concepts
Planned at school level : refers to the planning on students to be assessed, when the assessment is to be carried out, the frequency of assessment, the persons involved in the assessment, the selection and construction of assessment instruments, scoring, grading and reporting/recording done by the school based on the SBA guide of the subjects concerned.

Concepts
Administered at school level : refers to the effort of

collecting assessed information by the teacher assessors who are also involved in the students learning and the management (collection) of evidences.

Concepts
Scoring at school level : refers to the process of

awarding scores to the items assessed based on a scoring scheme.

Concepts
Reporting/recording at school level : refers to the

summarising/simplification of scores by the teacher assessor to obtain students achievement levels. This is done based on simplification principles in line with stipulated grading rules.

Concepts
Fixed framework : refers to the principles and concept

of School Based Assessment.

Concepts
Moderated : refers to efforts to ensure every student is

assessed based on the same subjects/items/topics. Coordinating and monitoring mechanisms are in place to increase the validity of assessment scores to ensure quality.

Concepts
Validity : refers to the extent in which the assessment

scores reflect the sufficiency and relevancy of topics/items assessed. This is determined by ensuring that the topics/items assessed are covered in the Syllabus Specifications.

Concepts
Reliability : refers to the extent of the accuracy and

robustness of test scores. Both validity and reliability of test scores are ensured through the implementation of coordinating and monitoring mechanisms.

Concepts
Positive reporting/records : scores reported shows

students level of mastery/understanding and this can be improved and raised from time to time.

SBA Components
Projects

- Candidates carry out tasks/assignments in school - MES supplies guidelines - MES/SED/DEO appoints monitors/coordinators - Scores and reporting by school - Marks (scores) sent to MES - School issues certificates

SBA Components
Coursework/Science Practical (PEKA)

- Candidates carry out tasks/assignments in school handled by teachers during teaching and learning (during lessons) - MES supplies guidelines - MES/SED/DEO appoints monitors/coordinators - Scoring and reporting by school - Marks (scores) sent to MES - School issues certificates

SBA Component
School Based Oral Test (SBOT/ULBS)

- Candidates are assessed on their oral skills through a variety of contexts during teaching and learning (lessons). - MES supplies guidelines - MES/SED/DEO appoints monitors/coordinators - Scoring and reporting by school - Marks (scores) sent to MES - School issues certificates

SBA Component
School Based Oral Assessment (SBOA/PLBS)

- Candidates are assessed on their oral skills through a variety of contexts during actual teaching and learning (lessons) - MES supplies guidelines - MES/SED/DEO appoints monitors/coordinators - Scoring and reporting by school - Marks (scores) sent to MES - School issues certificates

SBA Component
Modules

- Candidates are assessed on their competencies according to specifications - MES supplies assessment modules as guidelines - MES/SED/DEO appoints monitors/coordinators - Scoring and reporting by school - Scores (marks) sent to MES - School/MES issues certificates

SBA Implementation Policy

Implementation is administered according to the power

vested on the Examinations Director under the Education Act 1996 (Act 550), Section 67, 68 and 69 School ensures that the physical and infrastructural requirements are met before offering the subjects with SBA components. School applies for approval from the State Education Director 2 years before intended offering of such subjects. School is responsible for ensuring that scores given to candidates are valid and based on authentic evidence (s).

SBA Implementation Policy

School is responsible for the safety of candidates evidence including

those of shifted/moved candidates School is responsible for the safety of candidates scores including the sending of scores to MES It is compulsory for all candidates registered for subjects with SBA component to be assessed on it, including repeat candidates. Students who are not assessed will be considered to be absent. The school can apply for exemptions from the State Director of Education by forwarding supporting documents.

SBA Implementation Policy

Candidates who change centers must choose schools

that offer the subjects concerned. The candidates former school is responsible to deliver all assessment materials and documents to the new school. The candidate is to be assessed based on the terms stipulated for the subject (s) concerned

Characteristics of SBA
1 Compatible with the needs of the curriculum - Takes into consideration the skills, attitudes and values intended to
be disseminated in teaching and learning (lessons)

2 Student-centred
- Activities are devised/made by the candidates. Scores are based on a set of criteria, not relative of other candidates.

3 Flexibility
- not rigid in terms of schedule, place and method students are assessed when they are ready.

4 Character-centred
- Instills aspects of good values

Characteristics of SBA
5 Transparent and Open - Candidates have a chance to know the what, when, how and
where of their assessment.

6 Implementable and Systematic

- Format takes into account the systematic administering of aspects of the assessment.

7 Varieties of Instruments
- enable wide coverage and sufficient evidence (s) to ensure correct representation of student achievement.

8 Formative and on-going (continuing)

- Candidates are given chances to improve on scores

Characteristics of SBA
9 Has Scores - Scores have high validity and reliability if carried out according
to stipulated procedures

10 Positive Reporting - Scores are reported to encourage students to improve their level
of mastery from time to time

11 Continuous Monitoring and Coordinating

- to ensure that SBA is carried out according to procedures stipulated

Assessment Planning
1 Planning - Detailed planning is carried out between MES, State Education
Department and appointed SBA implementers

2 Penataran
- Penataran is the exposure about concepts, framework dan SBA policies to the parties involved in its implementation, such as school administrator, monitors, coordinators, school assessors and students

Assessment Planning
3 Assessment Implementation - SBA implementation is the interpretation of things/items to be
assessed according to stipulated procedures in the Assessment Format Book.

4 Coordination
- a process to ensure SBA assessment is carried out correctly and uniformly in terms of adherence to scoring rules, use of scoring rules and giving of scores.

Assessment Planning
5 Monitoring - a process to obtain information and to ensure SBA program is
carried out according to stipulated procedures.

Identifying - a process to evaluate the SBA programme in terms of objective

fulfillment, strengths and weaknesses as well as its impact.

Assessment Planning
7 Report
- Coordinators, monitors and the State Education Department will make reports about the implementation of SBA to add value.

SBA Administration
National-Level Committee
State-Level Committee District-Level Committee School-Level Committee

National-Level Committee
Advisor : Education Director Chairman : Deputy Director of Examination (Operations) Vice Chairman : Head of SPPMALN Secretary : KPP SPPMALN Committee members : All subject officers National Chief Assessor

State-Level Committee
Advisor : Chairman : Vice-Chairman 1 Vice-Chairman 2 Secretary 1 : Secretary 2: Committee Members: State Education Director Deputy State Education Director Head of Academic Management Sector Head of Assessment and Examination Sector KPP Assessment and Examination KPP Academic Management Chief of State Inspectorate Board Head of Islamic Education Sector Deputy Director Evaluation and Examinations Assistant Director of Science and Mathematics Assistant Director for Technical and Vocational Assistant Director for Social Science and Humanities Deputy Director of Language All District Education Officers National Chief Assesor State Chief Assessor

District-Level Committee
Chairman : Secretary : Committee members : District Education Officer Assistant DEO (Academic) Assistant DEO (Technical and Vocational) Assistant DEO (Language) Assistant DEO (Science and Mathematics) Assistant DEO (Islamic and Moral Studies) Assistant DEO (Social Science and Humanities) Assistant DEO (Examinations) All principals State Chief Assesor Regional Chief Assessor Regional Assessors School Chief Assessor

School-Level Committee
Chairman : Principal/Headmaster Vice-Chairman : Senior Assistant for Academic Affairs Secretary : Examinations Secretary Assistant Secretary : Examinations Assistant Secretary Committee Members : Senior Teachers Panel Chiefs Excellent Teachers School Chief Assessor

Duties and Responsibilities of School

Before Assessment Receives SBA notice from SED Receives SBA documents from SED Forms School SBA Committee Appoints Chief School Assessors for each subject Duplicates copies of SBA documents for assessors use Prepares SBA Implementation Schedule Provides adequate materials, equipment and space. Names/Appoints assessors amongst subject teachers plays role in managing all affairs regarding assessment. Briefs candidates. Ensures all students/candidates have a SBA file

Duties and Responsibilities of School

During Assessment Assessment is carried out during learning/teaching (lessons) Internal Coordination Internal Monitoring Assessor records scores in BSI (Individual Score Sheet) Assessor keeps evidences safely Assessor informs candidates of their scores and obtain their signatures. Assessor transfers mark scores from BSI to master score sheet.

Duties and responsibilities of School

After Assessment The individual score sheet and Master Score Sheet are checked and confirmed by Principal and kept in school. Examinations Secretary ensures that assessors enter marks into MES computer applications. Examinations Secretary and assessors check marks entered into MES computer applications. Examinations Secretary hands over printed List of Overall Scores to principal for confirmation. Issues SBA certificates/achievement slips

SBA Implementation
Assessment Personnels
National Chief Assessor State Chief Assessor Chief Regional Assessor Regional Assessor School Chief Assessor School Assessor

SBA Implementation
Chief National Assessor Appointed by MES Trained teacher Option related/compatible with subject Confirmed in position Experienced

SBA Implementation
State Chief Assessor Appointed by SED Trained teacher Option related/compatible with subject Confirmed in position Experienced

SBA Implementation
Chief Regional Assessor/Regional Assessor Appointed by SED Trained teacher Option related/compatible with subject Experienced Confirmed in position

SBA Implementation
School Chief Assessor Appointed by Principal/Headmaster Trained teacher Related subject-optioned If not subject-optioned, must have taught the subject concerned for at least three consecutive years. Confirmed in position

Duties of the School Assessor

Before assessment
Attends regional and school level coordination meetings Responsible to brief and explain assessment to

candidates

Duties of the School Assessor

During Assessment Guides and helps candidates to improve on their performance Assess candidates Fills individual scoring sheets and all related forms. Cooperates with state/regional assessors in all coordination matters.

Duties of the School Assessor

After Assessment Re-assess students work if there are changes after coordinations by state/regional assessors. Hands over scores to Examinations secretary. Keeps records and evidences in safe place for six months after reporting of scores. Prepares report for regional assessors. Ensures that individual score sheets are sent to the new schools of any transferred students. Solves special cases

Special Cases
Jawatankuasa Kes Khas mesti diwujudkan di sekolah

untuk mengendalikan kes-kes bagi calon yang tidak dapat melaksanakan PBS sepenuhnya Keanggotaan
Pengetua/ Guru Besar Guru Kanan Ketua Pentaksir Sekolah Ketua Pentaksir

Issues
Temporary teachers are allowed to assess students on condition

they are trained to do so. Assessors claim that there are schools that send uncoordinated marks to MES. Assessors request that schools obtain oath letters from parents of students who do not undergo SBA asessments. Students absent from schools for the third time should be given warning letters in the interest of the school. Teachers away on courses should get permission from principal to avoid unnecessary interruptions. Cooperation from schools regarding assessors visits can be improved. Too many teachers from a particular school being appointed as regional/state assessors.

Conclusion
School is given authority to determine candidates

assessment scores.
POWER + RESPONSIBILITY Failure or success lie in the attitude, commitment and

integrity of entrusted personnel. Has effect on the lives of future generations.