Topic : Humidifiers Presented To : Respected Engr.

Salman Nazir

Presented By
Salman Sheikh Syed Mustafa Ali

Saqib Anar
Ghufran Saeed Mohammad Shahbaz Mushtaq

Topics To be Discuss
What is Humidification ? Types of Humidification Key points why humidification needs? Terms , Lies inside Humidification

Contd.
Humidifiers Types of Humidifiers Comparison of Humidifiers Benefits of Humidifiers Measurements to choose best humidifier

Contd.
Details about Humidifiers

Conclusion

Humidification
Humidification is the artificial regulation of humidity in home environments, industrial environments, and health care applications such as artificial respiration.

Humidification
To be comfortable, people require a certain amount of ambient humidity -- not too high, and not too low.
Adequate humidification in a manufacturing environment stabilizes moisture in wood, paper, and textiles.

In all environments, humidification reduces fire risk and while making the area feel comfortable.

Humidification Terms
Absolute humidification is expressed in grams of moisture per cubic volume of air

Relative humidification is expressed as a ratio between the amount of moisture currently in the air and the maximum moisture the air could hold before condensation occurs

Comfortable Range
A typical comfortable level of relative humidification is between 35% and 50%. Excess humidity can cause the growth of mold or fungus. Too little humidity can cause static discharge or the accumulation of unwanted dust, contributing to allergies.

Some important terms to be discuss before going into the details of equipments that are used for Humidification

Humidity
Humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air. Humidity indicates the likelihood of precipitation, dew, or fog. High humidity makes people feel hotter outside in the summer because it reduces the effectiveness of sweating to cool the body by reducing the evaporation of perspiration from the skin.

Absolute Humidity
Absolute humidity is the quantity of water vapor in a given volume of air, expressed by weight The most common units are grams per cubic meter More technically, absolute humidity on a volume basis is the mass of dissolved water vapor, mw, per cubic meter of total moist air, Vnet: Absolute humidity ranges from 0 grams per cubic meter in dry air to 30 grams per cubic meter when the vapor is saturated at 30 C

Specific Humidity Absolute Humidity

Specific humidity is a ratio of weight quantities of water vapor to dry air, such as 1:200, for example. Relative humidity is the percentage of water vapor in how much of it the air, in its current condition of temperature and pressure, can possibly hold

Humidity Chart
Relative Humidity char t which shows the comfortable zone range for humans and for living bacterias which are harmful or good for humans..

Green shaded area is the best suitable humidity range for humans
Orange shaded lines represents the extreme conditions for humans Red shaded lines are the end regions .

Humidifiers

Humidifiers
Introduction
Type of Humidifiers Performance Analysis Suitability (Energy Efficiency)

Introduction
What Are Humidifiers

Introduction
Components of Humidifier
Water feed tube

Water inlet valve

Drain pan

Air damper
Air duct

Introduction
Components of Humidifier
Humidistat Fan Evaporator belt Roller

Types of Humidifiers
Evaporative Humidifiers
Impeller Humidifiers Ultrasonic Humidifiers Warm Mist Humidifiers

Types of Humidifiers
Evaporative Humidifier

Impeller Humidifier

Types of Humidifier
Evaporative
Most popular type that

Impeller
Also release cool mist Utilizes fan to blow water

produces cool mist Water blown through wet pad or filter through fan Dust and bacteria gets trapped on the filter Energy efficient Keeps germs and dirt from the environment air However needs periodically cleaning

through a diffuser to produce fine droplets No filter is used Hence is a environment pollutant humidifier Although cheaper than Other

Types of Humidifier
Ultrasonic

Warm mist

Types of Humidifier
Ultra sonic
Most advance type Have feature of both cool and

Warm mist
Also called vaporizers Heat the water and expel

warm humidification Use high frequency vibrations to disperse water into the air Hence , the most silent type of humidifier

steam into the room Widely used in homes when feeling congestion Hence, most suitable in cold climate Requires more electricity Bacteria production chances are also larger Frequent cleaning require

Comparison of humidifier
Humidifier
Humidifiers are actually

Vaporizer
Vaporizers also help in

machines, that are used to moisten or humidify the air in the house. These are normally used in cooler climates, when due to the usage of heater, the air in the house becomes too dry for comfort and also, it becomes very difficult to breathe.

moistening the dry air in the house, but vaporizers realize hot vapor into the air Vaporizers heat the water and then release vapors. On the other hand, humidifiers release cool moisture droplets into the air

Contd.
Humidifier
Humidifiers emits cold

Vaporizer
Vaporizers emits hot vapors vaporizer always has warm or

vapors humidifier disperses the harmful natural minerals into the air Whereas on the other hand, there are chances of mold or bacteria growing

boiling water in it vaporizers however, these natural minerals are deactivated vaporizer kills bacterias and there is no growth of mold, as boiling of the water kills the bacterias

Furnace Mounted Humidifier

Furnace mounted humidifier

Working principle
The humidifier is a flow-through type where the water flows through the humidifier and drains out; or it may be a reservoir type which uses a reservoir of water and a rotating drum to introduce the moisture necessary for humidified air.

Working principle
Flow-through humidifiers may be mounted to the air return duct and connect to the hot air supply off the furnace by using a humidifier supply takeoff duct The supply takeoff bypass duct diverts some heated air to the humidifier by taking advantage of a natural pressure differential between the supply and return sides of the furnace The warm air absorbs moisture from the evaporator pad inside the humidifier and returns to the warm air stream through the cold air return duct and furnace.

Furnace mounted humidifier

Components of Humidifier
Water (to create

humidity) Water Medium (e.g., Collection pad)evaporator Blowing Air (to cause evaporation) Water Control Valve or Float Humidistat (controls humidity setting)

Components.Contd.
Water Tap / Supply Line: A water supply line for the

humidifier is tapped into an existing water pipe source. Water Inlet Orifice: The orifice reduces the water flow to the humidifier inlet valve for economy. Water Inlet Valve: This valve allows water to flow to the humidifier based on demand. The valve is usually electrically controlled by a solenoid controlled by the humidistat. The solenoid is usually low voltage powered by a transformer mounted to the furnace. Water Feed Tube: Distributes water to the distribution trough under the top cover and feeds water to the evaporator pad.

Components.Contd.
Evaporator Pad (media): This is the water collection

medium that holds the water briefly as it is evaporated to create humidified air. Drain Pan: Water flows through the evaporator pad and into the drain pan where it then flows into a household drain. Air Damper / Air Duct: Some models have an air duct from the hot air side that supplies air to the humidifier mounted on the cold air return. If the home has central air conditioning, then a damper is required.

ComponentsWater tap
First things first and the

humidifier needs water. This will be provided by tapping into an existing cold water supply line close to the humidifier. Once tapped, the flexible copper water line will run to the humidifier.

Components Water Inlet valve assembly

the water supply flow needs to be controlled. This is done by a water inlet orifice and an inlet valve assembly controlled by an electric solenoid. The solenoid is controlled by a humidistat (sort of like a thermostat for humidity).

Components Water Inlet valve assembly

When the humidistat says to increase humidity, the solenoid opens and supplies the water feed tube. When the humidistat says the humidity level is good or when the furnace shuts down, the solenoid shuts off, stopping water flow to the humidifier.

Components Inlet feed tube and trough

The water inlet feed tube runs from the water inlet valve to the top of the humidifier. It connects to the top cover (held in place by knurled nuts) and delivers water to a water distribution trough located directly under the top cover. The water distribution trough allows the water to flow evenly to all portions of the medium, which in this case is the evaporator panel.

Components Evaporator Pad

The pad's purpose is to disperse water evenly which facilitates evaporation and also collects any mineral deposits from the water. After a season of use the metal pad will be coated in a white powder from the minerals in the water. Although these pads can sometimes be cleaned, it is best to have them replaced every heating season.

Components Drain
With flow-through type

humidifiers, any unevaporated water from the evaporator pad runs off into the drain pan and flows through to a household drain. This is a key feature of flow through humidifiers, since unlike reservoir humidifiers (ultrasonic or impeller / drum types) where water stands for a period of time, flow-through humidifiers will not allow bacteria to develop

Components Humidistat
The humidistat is like a

thermostat. You set a thermostat for a specific temperature and when that temperature is reached, the furnace turns off. Same with a humidistat. You set it for a desired humidity level (usually 30% to 45%) and when the humidifier reaches that level of humidification, the water supply is turned off by the solenoid water valve assembly.

Benefits of Humidifier
Makes air moist, which help relieve cold, cough, flu

and hay fever symptoms and keeps lungs more elastic. Susceptibility to infection is reduced drastically, by keeping the mucus membranes of throat and nasal passages moist and thus, allowing the tiny hair in both, to obstruct the dust and bacteria. Relieves and prevents dry, scratchy skin and lips.

Benefits of Humidifier
Reduces static electricity, thus prevents tiny shocks

received from touching people and certain objects. The problem of static electricity occurs generally in winters, when the air is dry. It can be very annoying, when it charges doorknobs and metallic furniture. Static electricity can damage electronic appliances too. Helps prevent wooden floor from buckling and separating by hydrating. It keeps the furniture in good shape as well. Improves the atmosphere and air quality in home, thus moisturizing the respiratory system, which is beneficial for asthma sufferers.

Benefits of Humidifier
One very important benefit of using humidifiers in the

house is that it saves a lot of money on heating bills

Selection of the humidifier

Size of the Humidifier

If you want to humidify your entire home you may want to consider a whole house humidifier as this will likely be the easiest solution. But if you live in an apartment or if you only want to use it in certain rooms you should consider a portable humidifier. You can either move it around from room to room, wherever you need it, or you can get a couple to keep in the main rooms of concern.

Selection of the humidifier

Type of Humidifier

There are two basic types of humidifiers, warm mist humidifiers and cool mist humidifiers. Warm mist humidifiers heat the water which kills bacteria and provides a warm mist. These units typically don't use a filter because of the heat. They can also warm the air a bit so they are better either during the cold months or in a cooler climate.

Selection of the humidifier

Cleaning and Maintenance

Before you choose a humidifier it is good to know what type of cleaning and maintenance will be involved with it. The quality and mineral content of your water may impact the level of necessary cleaning for the unit to run properly for a long time.

Some units require a cleaning every couple of days or every week. Some units use humidifier filters to help control mineral build up and bacterial growth.

Selection of the humidifier

Humidity Control

Humidity levels around 45 percent is best. If the humidity is too low it can cause issues, but if the humidity level is too high it can also cause problems. Some humidifiers come with a built-in humidstat to help control the humidity level in your home, keeping it at an ideal level.

Selection of the humidifier

Noise Level

For some people the noise level isn't a big issue but for others it may be, especially if it will be used in the bedroom during the night. All units will make a little sound, but ultrasonic and warm mist humidifiers are generally quieter than an evaporative humidifier because of the fan it uses. Read reviews and look for one that lists low noise if this may be of concern.