Aplikasi Op amp

Pertemuan ke 10
Kuliah Elektronika Dasar
Prodi Teknik Elektro
JTETI-UGM
Mei 2010
Arah arus ?
INV and SUMMING
V to I
Buktikan !
V to I
INTEGRATOR
I
1
= (V
i
- V

)/R
1

I
2
=
set I
1
= I
2
,
(V
i
- V

)/R
1
=
but V- = V+ = 0
V
i
/R
1
=
Solve for Vo
Output is the integral of input
signal. CR
1
is the time constant
I
1
I2
( )
dt
V V d
C
o

( )
dt
V V d
C
o

dt
dV
C
o

}
= dt v
C R
v
i o
1
1
Bila v
i
konstan maka
t
C R
v
v
i
=
1
0
Linier
OUTPUT INTEGRATOR
(dengan tegangan masukan tetap)
t
C R
v
v
i
=
1
0
-V
CC
t
v
0
Pembangkit gelombang gigi gergaji
I
1
I2
Saklar ditutup sebelum opamp jenuh,
kemudian langsung buka lagi
-V
CC
t
v
0
Saat saklar ditutup
APLIKASI
Pembangkitan bentuk
gelombang
Kemiringan tergantung
besarnya RC
t
C R
v
v
i
=
1
0
DIFERENSIATOR
Output is the differential of input
signal. CR is the time constant
( ) ( )
dt
V d
C
dt
V V d
C I
in in
=

=

1
V
o

I
1
I2

+
V
in

+

C
R
+

( )
R
V
dt
dV
C
in 0

=
( ) ( )
R
V
R
V V
I
0 0
2

=

dt
dV
RC V
in
=
0
Bila input konstan maka tegangan output = nol
Aplikasi diferensiator
Kelengkungan tergantung besarnya RC
Integrator
+

~
R
Vin
Vo
C
Tegangan Input
Tegangan Output
Ref:080114HKN Operational Amplifier 16
Tegangan Output Integrator
Example:

(a) Determine the rate of change
of the output voltage.

(b) Draw the output waveform.
Solution:
+

R
Vo
Vi
0
+5V
10 kO
0.01F
C
Vo(max)=10 V
100s
(a) Rate of change of the output voltage
s mV/
F k
V

50
) 01 . 0 )( 10 (
5
=
O
= =
A
A
RC
V
t
V
i o
(b) In 100 s, the voltage decrease
V s s mV/ 5 ) 100 )( 50 ( = = A
o
V
0
+5V
0
-5V
-10V
Vi
Vo
Differentiator
18
Astable Multivibrator or Relaxation Oscillator
Circuit Output waveform
19
Equations for Astable Multivibrator
2 1
2
2 1
2
;
R R
R V
V
R R
R V
V
sat
LT
sat
UT
+

=
+
+
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
= + =
1
2 1
2 1
2
ln 2
R
R R
t t T t
Assuming
|+V
sat
| = |-V
sat
|
If R
2
is chosen to be 0.86R
1
, then T = 2R
f
C and
where
t = R
f
C
C R
f
f
2
1
=
Function Generator - Build your own!
Ever wonder how turning a knob on a function generator (which is a
variable resistor) can change frequencies? This circuit employs the last
two - the integrator and the Schmitt trigger. There is also another old
friend - the transistor switch. Lets look at how this circuit works.
First look at the Schmitt trigger part. When does it change? Look at the
resistors in the +feedback - this is not the same as our example.
V
in

Function Generator - Build your own! (2)
Now look at the first part. When the output is HI, meaning close to
the power supply voltage, the transistor is OFF, so if effectively is not
there. Then if the cap has more that V
in
/2 across it, it will discharge
through the 100k resistor. If the output is low, the inverting input is
effectively grounded through a resistor and it will charge the cap.
Changing V
in
will change the charge/discharge rate.
V
in