JUST IN TIME

CHNG 4 NHNG THAY OI TRC KHI NG DUNG JIT

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Noi dung
Thay oi nguyen tac hanh chnh truyen thong Thay oi cach quan ly Canh tranh bang rut ngan thi gian

Thay oi nguyen tac hanh chnh

Nha cung cap mot bo phan cua cong ty
Chon la ky nha cung cap e tr thanh oi tac lau dai Hang hoa cua nha cung cap o khong can kiem tra a thang vao he thong san xuat giam chi ph cho ca 2 ben Ky s cua 2 ben co the cung lam viec vi nhau Ngi mua phai cam ket mua hang lau dai Tr thanh Nha cung cap loai 1

Nhan vien mot bo phan cua cong ty

Tao ra moi quan he cong tac gia nhan vien va cong ty Trao quyen cho nhan vien Xay dng nhng nhom t ieu khien

SHIGEO SHINGO (1909-1990)

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Thay oi nguyen tac hanh chnh

Xay dng nhng nha may chuyen biet
Giam thieu cac trang thiet b san xuat Tap trung vao 1 san pham hay mot dong san pham So lng cong nhan: < 1000 Qui mo nho, linh hoat tranh cac van e ve: thi gian thiet lap (set-up) may dai, ton kho ln, chi ph quan ly (overhead) cao cua nha may qui mo ln cho phep san xuat lo nho va toi u hoa viec san xuat To chc nha may chuyen biet: co cac bo phan ban hang, ke toan, mua hang va cac dch vu khac i kem bo phan san xuat, hoat ong rieng re gia cac NM chuyen biet cua mot cong ty Mot so cong ty thc hien hoat ong chuyen biet cho nhieu hoat ong Cong ty me nen can nhac cho phep cac NM chuyen biet hoat ong rieng re en mc o nao e am bao tnh linh hoat va van co c tnh kinh te nh qui mo.

Thay oi cach quan ly

Cam ket cua cap quan ly
Ban quan ly hang hai thc hien JIT tac ong tch cc en nhan vien

Huan luyen & ao tao

Cac nha quan ly cap trung va cao cung can phai hoc hoi e thc hien JIT Hng ti ty le phe pham mc mot vai phan trieu Thc hien vi s ho tr cua cac cong cu thong ke Muc tieu chat lng phai c tat ca nhan vien quan triet

Chat lng la hang au

Thay oi cach quan ly (tt)

Cho phep ngh ngi
iem chnh yeu cua JIT: can oi gia cac hoat ong hoan thanh cong viec qua sm hay qua muon eu khong tot Hoach nh va Cac cong tac lien quan (nha cung cap, cac bo phan au qua trnh, cac bo phan ho tr) thc hien tot cong viec Khong tan dung thi gian e tranh thu san xuat tranh ton kho qua nhieu May moc co cong suat ln hn nhu cau mot chut e co the san xuat bu ap khi hoach nh thieu Thi gian con lai cuoi ngay: ao tao, giam thi gian set-up, team work e cai tien v.v

Thay oi cach quan ly (tt)

Tao s linh hoat cho cong nhan
Cong nhan c ao tao cheo, co the thc hien nhieu cong viec tuy nhien cac hoat ong nay phai c qui nh bi bo phan quan ly nhan s Khuyen khch cong nhan tham gia ao tao cheo Coi soc khu vc lam viec, bao tr n gian

Thch nghi vi he thong o lng JIT

Xem xet va anh gia cac he thong o lng hien co (tra lng, ke toan, v,v) loai bo nhng hoat ong khong phu hp vi JIT Xay dng mot so tieu chuan o lng mi e hng dan to chc theo uoi triet ly JIT
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Thay oi cach quan ly (tt)

Ton kho va d tr an toan
Quan niem JIT: ton kho la lang ph giam ton kho va d tr an toan 0 Quan niem cu: ton kho la an toan, bu ap cho nhng van e co the xay ra: sai sot cua cong nhan, may, cac s co v.v Thc hien JIT truy tm nguyen nhan, giai quyet cac van e nh: hoach nh toi, chat lng san xuat kem, bo tr khong hp ly Quan iem cua ke toan: coi ton kho nh tai san sai lam ton kho phai la chi ph sap sa phai chu (gia von hang ban) hoac chi ph mat i (neu khong ban c, loi thi)

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Rut ngan thi gian

Giam thi gian san xuat Tang li the canh tranh:

Sap xep lai hoat ong hien tai

Thanh lap cac nhom chu ao Tai to chc cong ty

Phan tch cac hoat ong bang Lu o qua trnh Loai bo cac hoat ong khong can thiet Nhom chu ao gom cac thanh vien t nhieu bo phan co lien quan, co kien thc ve nguyen tac hoat ong JIT x ly cac n at hang, v.v To chc cau truc theo hang ngang, da vao cac nhom kinh doanh To chc san xuat theo cong nghe nhom Toi u la moi nhom kinh doanh tap trung cho mot nhom san pham hep, gom ay u cac phong ban thong thng cua mot cong ty (ban hang va tiep th, ke toan, thiet ke che tao, kiem soat san xuat va ton kho )

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Q&A
Trong cac thay oi- oi vi DN Viet nam thay oi nao la kho khan nhat V sao? Viec chuyen sang mo hnh to chc chuyen biet (slide 6) se co nhng nhc iem g? Cach khac phuc? Co the s dung nhng Thang o nao trong JIT?

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Summary of Assembly Plant Characteristics, Volume Producers, 1989

Japanese in Japan Japanese in North America 21.2 65.0 American in North America 25.1 82.3 All Europe

Performance
Productivity (hours/ veh) Quality (assembly defects/ 100 veh 16.8 60.0 36.2 97.0

Layout
Space (sq.ft./veh/year)
Size of Repair Area (as% of assembly space) Inventories (days for 8 sample parts)

5.7
4.1 0.2

9.1
4.9 1.6

7.8
12.9 2.9

7.8
14.4 2.0

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Summary of Assembly Plant Characteristics, Volume Producers, 1989

Work Force
%of Work force in Teams Job Rotation (0=none; 4 = frequent) 69.3 3.0 71.3 2.7 17.3 0.9 0.6 1.9

Suggestions/ Employee
Number of Job classes Training of new production workers (hours) Absenteeism

61.6
11.9 380.3 5.0 86.2 54.6 1.7

1.4
8.7 370.0 4.8 85.0 40.7 1.1

0.4
67.1 46.4 11.7 76.2 33.6 1.2

0.4
14.8 173.3 12.1 76.6 38.2 3.1

Automation
Welding (% of direct steps) Painting (% of direct steps) Assembly (% of direct steps)

Source: IMVP Work Assembly Plants Survey, 1989, and J.D Power Initial Quality Survey 1989
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Bieu o Pareto s dung cac cong cu thong ke Nhat

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
Graph Quality Function Deployment Scatter Diagram Control Chart Statistic Test and Estimation Relation Chart Weibull Distribution Scriminant & Cluster Analysis Design of Experiments Cause and effect Diagram Fault Tree Analysis Analysis of Variation Others Failure Mode Analysis Simulation Quantification Theory Pareto chart Histogram Correlation and Regression Computer Techniques Multiple Regression Process Capability Priciple Component Analysis Time series

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