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Education serves the interests of the powerful. It maintains their power, justifies their privileges and legitimizes their wealth.
Bourgeoisie
Education Proletariat
a close correspondence between social relationships which governs social interaction in the work place and social interaction in the education system.
Hidden Curriculum
According to Bowles and Gintis in order for capitalism to
succeed, it requires a hard working, docile, obedient and highly motivated workforce which is too divided to challenging authority.
pupils learn through the experiences of attending school rather than the stated objectives of such institutions.
competition
Low wages
fair and just, class consciousness does not develop and the stability off society is not treated
Myth of Meritocracy
Bowles and Gintis disagree with the functionalist
who see capitalist societies as meritocratic. They believe that class background is the most important factor influencing level of attainment.
The idea that we all compete on equal terms is an
illusion. The education system disguises the myth of meritocracy. The children of the wealthy tend to obtain higher qualification and better jobs regardless of thier abilities.
qualifications. Direct relationship between educational attainment and family background. Based on their findings they argued that the educational system does not function as a meritocracy. The main factors accounting occupational reward were the individuals class, ethnicity and gender rather than their educational attainment.
They
conclude that the education system reproduces inequality. They reject the functionalist perspective of the relationship between education and stratification.( parsons, Davis and Moore)
Marxism summarised
Education reproduces the
Louis Althusser
working class children into accepting their subordinate status to the middle class. Education conveys the ideology of the ruling class. Education prepares individuals for the world of work, in order to accept their position in a capitalist society.
fashion and this leads them to accept government dictats in the same way.
Resistance is futile
lads These boys rejected school and other children within it, presenting themselves as superior Willis claims that working class children choose to fail in school as a rejection of capitalism Their rejection of school is an act of resistance
Louis Althusser Schools pass on messages that people accept without question. They are socialised into accepting capitalism
Paul Willis Children can see through the ideology, but it doesnt matter. The reality is low pay work, poverty and oppression regardless.
It points out how ideology is transmitted within schools via the hidden curriculum. It recognises conflict of interest in schools; not everyone shares values. It points out the inequalities of both opportunity and outcome in the system
and are all middle class agents Many working class children do succeed in the education system It overemphasises class and ignores other structural inequalities: ethnicity and gender