Government College Of Engineering, Aurangabad.

Kinematics Of Fluid Flow & Its Application.

By:Nikhil Pakwanne
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Kinematics Of Fluid Flow & Its Application.

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What Is Kinematics Of Fluid?

Fluid Kinematics is the study of fluid in motion where pressure forces are not considered.

It is generally a continuous function in space and time.

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Methods of describing Fluid

Motion:-

Lagrangian Method:

Describes a defined mass (position, velocity, acceleration, pressure, temperature, etc.) as functions of time. Ex:- Track the location of a migrating bird.
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Eulerian Method :

Describes the flow field (velocity, acceleration, pressure, temperature, etc.) as functions of position and time. Ex:- Count the birds passing a particular location.

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Types Of Fluid Flow:Steady & Unsteady Flows.

1)

2) Uniform & Non-uniform Flows. 3) Laminar & Turbulent Flows. 4) Compressible & Incompressible Flows. 5) Rotational & Irrotational Flows. 6) One , Two & Three Dimensional Flows.
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Steady & Unsteady Flows:Steady Flows:In which the fluid Characteristics Like velocity, pressure, density , etc. At a Point do not change with time.

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Unsteady Flow:which the fluid velocity , pressure or density at a point changes with respect to time.
Changing in time

In

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Uniform & Non-uniform Flow :-

Uniform Flow:-

In which the velocity at given time does not change with respect to space ( length of direction of the flow ).

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 Non-Uniform

Flow:In which the velocity at any time changes with respect to space.

Changing in space

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Laminar & Turbulent

flows:-

Laminar Flow:

in which the fluid particles move along well defined paths or stream line.

Fig. Laminar Flow

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Turbulent

Flow:-

fluid moves in very irregular paths or zig zag Way. mixing.

efficient velocity

at a point fluctuates.
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Fig. Turbulent Flow

Compressible & Incompressible Flows:Compressible Flows:from

In which the density of the fluid changes point to point. The density is not constant for the fluid.

Incompressible Flows:-

In which the density of fluid changes from point to point. the density is constant for the fluid.

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Rotational & Irrotational Flows:-

Rotational Flows :-

In which the fluid particles while flowing along stream lines, Also rotate about their own axis.
v

Irrotational Flows:-

In which the fluid particles while flowing along stream lines, do not rotate about their own axis.

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One , Two & Three Dimensional Flows:-

One Dimensional Flow:-

In which the flow parameter such as velocity is a function of time and

one space co-ordinate only.

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Two Dimensional Flows:-

In which the velocity is a function of time and

two rectangular space ordinates.

co-

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Three Dimensional Flows:-

In which the velocity is the function of time and

Three mutually perpendicular directions.

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Flow Visualization:-

Flow Visualization is the visual examination of flow-field features.

Important for both physical experiments and Numerical Solutions.

Numerous Methods:1)

Streamlines.

2) Pathlines. 3) Streaklines.
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Streamline:-

A Streamline is a curve that is everywhere tangent to the instantaneous local velocity vector.

It has the direction of the velocity vector at each point no. of flow across the streamline.

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steady

flow streamlines are fixed in space.

But,

flow streamlines moves.

unsteady

Fig. Streamline

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Pathline:-

A Pathline is the actual path travelled by an individual fluid particle over some time period.

Same as the fluid particle's material position vector .

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 And

the path of a particle same as Streamline for Steady Flow.

Fig. Pathline
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Streakline:-

A streakline is the locus of fluid particles that have passed sequentially through a prescribed point in the flow.

Easy to generate in experiments like dye in a water flow, or smoke in an airflow.

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 And

a tracer injected continuously into a flow.

same

as pathline and streamline for steady flow.

Fig.Streakline
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REFERENCES
FLUID

MECHANICS BY BANSAL

http://en.wikipedia.org

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Appreciate your time and attention!

Thank You
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