TRADITIONAL TEACHING PEDAGOGY

Ms. SARITA THAKUR (UGC- JRF) SR. LECTURER DR IT GROUP

In India the Guru or the teacher is held in high esteem. Indeed, there is an understanding that if the devotee were presented with the guru and God, first he would pay respect to the guru, since the guru had been instrumental in leading him to God

In compiling the vedic mantras, VED VYASA edited them into four books, the Rig-Veda, the Yajur-Veda, the Sama-Veda, and the Atharva-Veda.

 The Vedas are a large body of texts originating in ancient India. Composed in Vedic Sanskrit, the texts constitutes the oldest layer of Sanskrit literature and the oldest scriptures of Hinduism.

Scholars have determined that the Rig Veda, the oldest of the four Vedas, was composed about 1500 B.C.

History of Education in Ancient India

The history of education in ancient India is rather interesting and is recorded. It can be traced back to the ancient epoch. Education in Ancient India began around the 3rd century BC with elements of religious training and impart of traditional knowledge. In the ancient days, sages and scholars imparted education orally and afte the development of letters the form of writing was introduced. Palm leaves and barks of trees were used for writing

Education in Ancient India Education in ancient India was tremendously important for the society and was given to the 3 upper classes, namely Brahmins, Kshatriyas and Vaishya.

 Gurukul was a type of school in India, residential in nature, with pupils living in proximity to the guru. In a gurukul, students resided together as equals, irrespective of their social standing, learnt from the guru and helped the guru in his day-to-day life. At the end of his studies, the pupil offered dakshina (fees) to the guru. The gurudakshina is a traditional gesture of acknowledgment, respect and thanks.

The University of Nalanda was founded in the 5th century by the Gupta emperors.
Nalanda is the name of an ancient university in Bihar, India and was a Buddhist center of learning from 427 CE to 1197 CE.

It has been called "one of the first great universities in recorded history.

There were universities like Taxila, Ujjain, Kanchi etc. for medicine and learning including mathematics and astronomy.

Education of Indians had become a topic of interest among East India Company officials. The policys goal was to employ that knowledge in the East India Company

to advance knowledge of Indians and

 Established

a Department of Public Instruction in each province of British India Increased the number of Government colleges and high schools Established teacher-training schools for all levels of instructions The Department of Public Instructions was in place by 1855. By 1857 a number of universities were established modeled on the University of London.

 Educational reforms in the early 20th century led towards the nationalization of many universities.

UNIVERSITY OF BOMBAY

GRANT MEDICAL COLLEGE, MUMBAI (1844)

HINDU COLLEGE CALCUTTA (1851

PATHA BHAVAN, the school of his ideals, whose central premise was that learning in a natural environment would be more enjoyable and fruitful.

 The main attractions of Shantiniketan include the various buildings of the VisvaBharati campus. Chinese faculty,College of Arts and Crafts, Patha Bhavan (the school), School of Dance and Music and the prayer hall.

 Some of the famous students of Visva-Bharati include India's former Prime Mister the Ms Indira Gandhi ,world famous film director Mr.Satyajit Ray and Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen.

 Following independence in 1947, MAULANA AZAD, India's first education minister recommended strong central government control over education throughout the country, with a uniform educational system.

The Indian government lays great emphasis to primary education up to the age of fourteen years (referred to as Elementary Education in India.) The Indian government has also banned child labour in order to ensure that the children do not enter unsafe working conditions.

Education has also been made free for children for six to 16 years of age. The District Primary Education Programme (DPEP) was launched in 1994 with an aim to universalize primary education in India by reforming and vitalizing the existing primary education system

The Mid-day Meal Scheme is the popular name for school meal programme in India. It involves provision of lunch free of cost to school-children on all working days with an objective to: increase school enrolment and attendance, improve socialisation among children belonging to all castes and addressing malnutrition.

The current scheme for universalization of Education for All is the SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN which is one of the largest education initiatives in the world.

RIGHT TO EDUCATION

Every child between the ages of 6 to 14 years has the right to free and compulsory education. The government schools shall provide free education to all the children. Private schools shall admit at least 25% of the children in their schools without any fee.

 Elementary education in India is the foundation for the development of every citizen. The elementary education is also an important thing for the overall improvement of India. The Indian government has made the elementary education till class eight compulsory for every child. The schooling starts at the age of six. The government has made ample provisions for those in need of proper facilities. There are government schools that provide free of cost education to the needy.

Secondary Education in India

Secondary Education in India works as a liaison between primary education and higher education. Secondary Education in India serves as a bridge between the primary and higher education. Secondary education is mainly aimed at preparing the young students between the age group 14-18 for the world of work and entry into higher education. In India, the Secondary Education starts from the classes 9-10 and leads a student to the higher secondary classes 11 and 12. The Central Board for Secondary Education (CBSE) is in charge of all kinds of activities regarding secondary education in India.

 Adult education in India is the process to provide education to the adult and aged people who, somehow, had failed to receive the elementary education during their childhood. The effort of providing adult education in India has been in existence for the past several years, as it is one of the most important things in building an educated nation. Unless the adults realize the importance of education they would never understand the need to educate their progeny. Education is one of the stepping stones for building a strong nation. Hence adult education is promoted on a large scale in the Indian sub continen

School education 10+2

Pre primary (FOR 1 YEAR) Primary (GRADE 1-5) Middle (GRADE 6-8) Secondary (GRADE 9-10) Senior Secondary (GRADE11-12)

The National Policy on Education (NPE), 1986, has provided for environment awareness, science and technology education, and introduction of traditional elements such as yoga into the Indian secondary school system

NCERT is an autonomous body fully funded by the Ministry of Human Resource and Development (MHRD)

The NCERT was established in 1961. It functions as a resource centre in the field of school education and teacher education. Publication of school textbooks and other educational material like teachers guides/manuals etc. are its major functions.

Creating a country imbued with a scientific culture was Jawaharlal Nehru's aim. One such initiative was the All-India Institute of Medical Sciences as an institution of national importance by an Act of Parliament and has set the pace for medical education and research in Southeast Asia .

Some institutions of India, such as the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), have been globally acclaimed for their standard of education. The IITs enroll about 8000 students annually and the alumni have contributed to both the growth of the private sector and the public sectors of India.

Delhi Chief Minister Ms.Sheila Dikshit launched the Ladli. Under the scheme, the state government intends to deposit Rs.100,000 in the account of every girl child (belonging to a particular income group) by the time she attains the age of 18.

 Vocational education is imparted through Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) and polytechnics.

MATHS LABS ARE A PART OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE ALONG WITH PHYSICS,CHEMISTRY,BIOLOGY,PSYCHOLOGY,HOM E SCIENCE AND COMPUTERS.

The online projects encourage our students to collaborate ,cooperate and communicate with the students all over the world. This use of cyber space has led to the globalisation of education.

Change is important in education. With the new era different kinds of tool that can help teachers be more effective is now at hand. Therefore Teachers should also make an effort on learning on these things they can be so effective to their students. As technology has revolutionized society in the 20th and 21st century, it naturally has found its way into schools, education and learning. The way that technology is integrated with classrooms and into lesson planning needs to be reflected upon so that students learning can benefit most from the new technological tools that are available now and continuing to evolve in these new times.

Traditional and Virtual Classrooms Whats the Difference?

The question of which teaching methodology is better, traditional or virtual, is always a puzzling one. Traditional classroom teaching methodologies are well-tested, and the environment most of us grew up in, but they have some major limitations. Virtual classrooms, on the other hand, are new and high tech. Yet theyre also pretty experimental.

 Traditional classroom Class timing Schedule is fixed and predecided. Students and teachers have little say in this decision. Class duration is fixed and usually not extendable, as the next class waits to use the classroom. While extra classes can be scheduled, theyre often impractical and usually result in low attendance

Virtual Classroom Schedule can be flexible, according to the needs of both teacher and students. Class duration is easily extendable, instructor and student time permitting. Schedule extra classes at your convenient time and study from the luxury of home.

Collaboration in learning
Teacher and students collaborate in the physical classroom. Its hard to address the needs of different levels of learners in a single class. If there arent additional resources available for groups such as slower or gifted students, they often have to make do with a onesize-fits-all average class. Usually one teacher per class.

Teachers and students collaborate online via audio, video, and text chat. Its easier to work with different learner types. Divide a single virtual classroom into breakout sessions, and let students of different levels work at their own pace, while the teacher moderates and facilitates. Easier to involve multiple teachers, and to bring in guest speakers from

To conclude I would say that each methodology has its pros and cons. Delivering the best programs to our students might entail a smart combination of both traditional and online instruction. Blended learning is the way to go.

 . E-Gurukul is attempting to follow Ancient Tradition in current age.In alignment to our mission to bring same kind of education system on Internet. E-gurukul is endeavouring to bring the following Online courses in various categories Art, science, Holistic Living, Courses for children and much more Live Web sessions by various experts. Live Virtual web events and much more E-gurukul would like to offer our utmost gratitude and reverence to all ancient spiritual scientists, all masters from past and present for gifting all of us with great insights into priceless treasures of ancient practical knowledge and wisdom.

Flexibility

The Competitive Advantage of Online Vs. Traditional Education

Flexibility Face-to-Face Communication Self-Direction Interaction Facilities