The Rise of Industry

25.1 Introduction
After the Civil War, new business methods and inventions enabled

Americans to create a much larger industry Those employed in these new industries often lived and worked in miserable and dangerous conditions

25.2 A NATION TRANSFORMED

What was industrialization?
Industrialization: the birth and growth of businesses that make and distribute products through the use of machinery

Who were entrepreneurs?

someone who starts a business and is good at making money

The Growth of Big Business

Businesses got bigger because of new technology and manufacturing

practices.

Business tycoons believed in laissez-faire, the theory that economies worked best when governments didnt meddle in them Businesses were happy to accept the governments subsidies and high tariffs

The Gilded Age

Business holders accumulated unbelievable sums of money

Newly rich filled their palace-like mansions with gaudy decorations Mark Twain called this era of showy wealth the Gilded Age People were angry at the friendly relations between tycoons and politicians, which ended in corruption

25.3 Improved Technology

By 1860, industrialization was already in place

Trains, machines, and factories led to the decrease of hand made products.

What was the age of steel?

Steel replaced iron RR tracks and tools because of its durability, but it was very expensive Andrew Carnegie discovered a less expensive method of making steel This method was invented by Henry Bessemer from England Because of this cost effective steel making method, Carnegie announced that Steel is king

Andrew Carnegie

Henry Bessemer

Steel Making

Steel is an alloy made by combining iron and another element, usually carbon.
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Which material would you trust?

Iron Tracks?

or

Steel Tracks?

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Electric Power
In 1876 Thomas Edison opened the Invention Factory which produced inventions such as the lightbulb, phonograph, motion picture, etc. He also invented the electrical power station Edison is responsible for the age of electricity.

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The Telephone
A Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1976. This invention allowed producers, sellers, and customers to communicate efficiently.

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New Production Methods

By 1900, 4xs as many people worked in factories than the previous generation.

The assembly line and interchangeable parts were two major techniques of mass production that allowed workers to produce more goods per day at less cost.