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  • Transformer Protection: Presented By: Romulo A. Amoguis Electrical Engineer

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    Romulo Amoguis
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    This document discusses transformer protection and provides an overview of typical protection systems used. It explains that transformers require protection from faults and overloads to prevent damage and ensure reliable operation. Common protection devices include circulating current relays, overcurrent relays, Buchholz relays, and other electromechanical and electrical relays. The presentation describes the principles and applications of these protective devices, including how they detect and respond to different internal and external fault conditions. The goal is to appreciate the importance of protective relays and understand the basic functions of the protection systems installed on power transformers.

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    Titolo originale

    Transformer Protection 2

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    This document discusses transformer protection and provides an overview of typical protection systems used. It explains that transformers require protection from faults and overloads to prevent damage and ensure reliable operation. Common protection devices include circulating current relays, overcurrent relays, Buchholz relays, and other electromechanical and electrical relays. The presentation describes the principles and applications of these protective devices, including how they detect and respond to different internal and external fault conditions. The goal is to appreciate the importance of protective relays and understand the basic functions of the protection systems installed on power transformers.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Scarica in formato PPTX, PDF, TXT o leggi online su Scribd
    Segnala contenuti inappropriati
    130 visualizzazioni21 pagine

    Transformer Protection: Presented By: Romulo A. Amoguis Electrical Engineer

    Caricato da

    Romulo Amoguis
    This document discusses transformer protection and provides an overview of typical protection systems used. It explains that transformers require protection from faults and overloads to prevent damage and ensure reliable operation. Common protection devices include circulating current relays, overcurrent relays, Buchholz relays, and other electromechanical and electrical relays. The presentation describes the principles and applications of these protective devices, including how they detect and respond to different internal and external fault conditions. The goal is to appreciate the importance of protective relays and understand the basic functions of the protection systems installed on power transformers.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Scarica in formato PPTX, PDF, TXT o leggi online su Scribd
    Segnala contenuti inappropriati
    di 21

    TRANSFORMER PROTECTION

    Presented by:
    Romulo A. Amoguis Electrical Engineer

    TRANSFORMER PROTECTION

    Participants
    Electrical Engineers Protection Engineers Test & Commissioning Engineers Power System Engineers Utility Engineers Electrical Technicians

    TRANSFORMER PROTECTION

    Objective
    To appreciate the importance of protective relays in protecting the transformer. To be able to understand the basic principle of operation and function of protection relays installed in the power transformer. To gain knowledge of power transformer protection.

    TRANSFORMER PROTECTION

    Introduction
    Transformers are a critical and expensive component of the power system. Due to long lead time for repair and replacement of transformers, a major goal of transformer protection is limiting the damage to a faulted transformer. The comprehensive transformer protection provided by multiple function protective relays is appropriate for critical transformers of all applications.

    TRANSFORMER PROTECTION

    The type of protection for the transformers varies depending on the application and importance of the transformer. Transformers are protected primarily against faults and overloads. The type of protection used should minimize the time of disconnection for faults within the transformer and to reduce the risk of catastrophic failure to simplify eventual repair.

    TRANSFORMER PROTECTION

    Any extended operation of the transformer under abnormal condition such as faults or overloads compromises the life of the transformer, which means adequate protection should be provided for quicker isolation of the transformer under such condition.

    TRANSFORMER PROTECTION

    Transformer Failures Winding failures due to short circuit (turn- turn faults, phase-phase faults, phase-ground and open winding) Core Faults (Core insulation failure, shorted laminations) Terminal failures (open leads, loose connections and short circuits) OLTC failures ( mechanical, electrical, short circuit and overheating) Abnormal operating conditions (overfluxing, overloading and overvoltage) External fault.

    TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
    TYPICAL TRANSFORMER PROTECTION (Electrical)
    87 59 24

    51G 50/51ABC-N

    50/51ABC-N

    220kV

    132kV

    87G

    51G

    87G 51G

    TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
    TYPICAL TRANSFORMER PROTECTION (Electromechanical)
    63

    49
    26

    220kV

    132kV

    69

    TRANSFORMER PROTECTION Circulating current principle (87)


    Ip
    a

    CT-1
    f

    Protected equipment
    d

    CT-2
    g

    Is
    j

    I1

    I2

    I1
    b

    R
    c

    I2
    I
    diff.

    =I1-I2=0

    NORMAL CONDITION

    TRANSFORMER PROTECTION Circulating current principle (87)


    Ip
    a

    CT-1
    f

    Protected equipment
    d

    CT-2
    g

    Is
    j

    Fault

    I1

    I2

    I1
    b

    R
    c

    I2 I1=I2 I diff. =I1-I2=0

    EXTERNAL FAULT

    TRANSFORMER PROTECTION Circulating current principle (87)


    Ip
    CT-1

    Protected equipment
    Fault Fault

    CT-2

    Is

    I1

    I2

    I I1
    R

    diff= I1+I2

    I2

    INTERNAL FAULT

    TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
    Circulating current principle (87REF)
    Ia Ib Ic CT-1
    C
    Ia

    B
    Ib

    A
    Ic I2=0 I1
    I1 =Ia +Ib + Ic =0

    IR=0

    Stab. Res

    IN = 0 CT-2

    NORMAL CONDITION

    TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
    Circulating current principle (87REF)
    IA=IF
    A B CT-1
    Ia=IF
    Ib=0

    IB=0

    Ik

    B C

    IC=0

    Ic = 0

    I1

    Stab. Res I2

    CT-2

    I1

    I2

    IN

    Idiff=I1-I2 0

    I1 I 2

    INTERNAL FAULT

    TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
    Circulating current principle (87REF)
    Ia=0 Ib=0 Ic = IF
    C Fault C B A CT-1 A B

    I1

    IG
    I1=I2 (No Trip) I1
    R

    IN
    I2
    I2
    CT-2

    I1=I2 Idiff = I1-I2= 0

    EXTERNAL FAULT

    TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
    Overcurrent principle (50/51ABC-N)
    IA=IF IB=-IA IC = 0
    C C B A CT A

    Ia
    50/51 A

    Ib
    B C N

    INTERNAL PHASE-PHASE FAULT

    TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
    Overcurrent principle (50/51ABC-N)
    IA IB IC
    IN IB=0 C IC=0 CT IA=IF A B

    A B C

    In
    50/51 N C B A

    Ia

    EXTERNAL PHASE-GROUND FAULT

    TRANSFORMER PROTECTION

    Buchholz Relay (INCIPIENT FAULT)


    Buchholz Relay Alarm circuit
    Upper float

    Conservator tank

    Lower float GAS

    Main Tank Trip circuit

    TRANSFORMER PROTECTION

    Buchholz Relay (OIL LEAKS)


    Buchholz Relay Alarm circuit
    OIL

    Upper float

    Conservator tank

    Flap

    Lower float

    OIL

    Main Tank Trip circuit

    TRANSFORMER PROTECTION

    Buchholz Relay (SEVERE FAULT)


    Buchholz Relay Alarm circuit
    Upper float

    Conservator tank

    Flap

    Lower float

    OIL

    Main Tank Trip circuit

    The End THANK YOU.Any questions?

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