HORTICULTURE

By Group 4
Abdusamad.AK
Lancelot Lobo Rohit Shetty Sahil Kote

Introduction
Horticulture is the industry and science of plant cultivation including the process of preparing soil for the planting of seeds, tubers, or cuttings Horticulturists work and conduct research in the disciplines of plant propagation and cultivation, crop production, plant breeding and genetic engineering, plant biochemistry, and plant physiology The work involves fruits, berries, nuts, vegetables, flowers, trees, shrubs and turf Horticulturists work to improve crop yield, quality, nutritional value, resistance to insects, diseases and environmental stresses

Horticulture usually refers to gardening on a smaller scale, while agriculture refers to the large-scale cultivation of crops

Areas of study
horticulture involves eight areas of study, which can be grouped into two broad sections - ornamentals and edibles: Arboriculture is the study of, and the selection, planting, care, and removal of, individual trees, shrubs, vines, and other perennial woody plants. Floriculture includes the production and marketing of floral crops. Landscape horticulture includes the production, marketing and maintenance of landscape plants. Olericulture vegetables. includes the production and marketing of

 Fruticulture or Pomology includes the production and marketing of fruits. Viticulture includes the production and marketing of grapes.

Oenology includes all aspects of wine and winemaking.

Postharvest physiology involves maintaining the quality of and preventing the spoilage of horticultural crops.

Dept of Horticulture, Govt of Karnataka

Karnataka is a progressive state in the field of modern horticulture in the country. The diverse agro-ecological conditions prevailing in Karnataka has made it possible to grow different types of horticultural crops such as fruits, vegetables, flowers, spices, plantation crops, root and tuber crops, medicinal and aromatic crops etc.

Karnataka is the 3rd largest producer of fruits and stands 5th position in area and production of vegetable crops. State stands 3rd in production of flower crops.

It occupies 2nd and position with respect to area and production of plantation crops.
Karnataka is the largest producer of Spices, Aromatic and Medicinal crops. Government of Karnataka is considering fruit and vegetable processing sector as a thrust area for development. With growing urbanization and increasing quality consciousness, the market for processed fruit and vegetable is expected to grow rapidly. Therefore, there is enormous potential for developing agro products.

Objective
To develop horticulture to the maximum potential available in the State .
To provide holistic growth of the horticulture sector through an area based regionally differentiated strategies. To enhance horticulture production, improve nutritional security and income support to farm households. To establish convergence and synergy among multiple on-going and planned programmes for horticulture development. To promote, develop and disseminate technologies, through a seamless blend of traditional wisdom and modern scientific knowledge. To create opportunities for employment generation for skilled and unskilled persons, especially unemployed youth;

Karnataka GOVT INITIATIVE

Karnataka is the first state to set up a separate Department of Horticulture in India for the overall development of horticulture in the state Karnataka Horticulture Department gives Rs 10,000 per hectare incentive.

Budget outlay

2005-06 2006-07 2007-08

: Rs. : Rs.

44.55 crores 84.48 crores

: Rs. 100.71 crores

2008-09
2009-10

: Rs. 125.36 crores

: Rs. 163.54 crores

Crops covered
Perinnial fruits:

Mango
Pomegranate Grapes Sweet Orange Sapota Fig Lime

non perinnial fruits: Banana Pineapple Other Crops: Flower Crops Ginger

Black Pepper
Medicine & Aromatic crops Cocoa Cashew

Chillies

Production stats for 2010

2010

Barriers for HORTICULTURE

Rationalization of varieties, erratic yield and Low productivity and use of public bred varieties e.g. in case of mango Lack of suitable varieties for Processing (e.g. wine variety grape, fig) Endemic diseases (Panama wilt in Banana, Pepper wilt, Bacterial disease in Pomegranate) Leasing of orchard is a common practice, prevent farmer from taking interest in post harvest Lack of proper maintenance of orchards Need to explore marketability of traditional varieties (Rasbare) Price fluctuation in vegetable and glut situation which affects farmers Lack of information in trends of markets High wastage due to lack of proper post harvest practices Awareness & Education for utilisation of market infrastructure and post harvest facilities High transportation and air freight

SOANS FARM
MOODBIDRI

INTRODUCTION
Started in 1920. soans farm A horticultural farm originally started by a Swiss German missionary organization.

120 acres of land.

The farm is at present owned and managed by Soans Family descendents of Alfred Soans. The farm is famous for horticultural crops. Located at Moodbidri.

Initiative
Proposed by Basel Mission, a Swiss-German missionary organisation in 1920. under the leadership of Rev. Fischer, a missionary based in Karkala. Alfred Soans, a young agricultural graduate was employed in 1928 to vigorously pursue the project. Because of the shallow soil over the beds and the lack of irrigation, the initial coconut plantation did not prosper. Soans brought in many innovations like intercropping with several new crops like Pineapple which saved the situation. The low price of agricultural produce and the start of the Second World War were a great set back. The local church, which became the custodian of the farm could not support it and planned to sell the land. Soans who had put in a lot of effort, prevailed on the church to save the farm. Eventually he was given charge of the farm on a lease.

Crops
Pineapple Mango banana Vanilla nutmeg Various other spices Medicinal herbs

The place also has a cottage where people can unwind for a quiet and leisurely holiday.

Success
Nothing is ever out of season in the Soans farms today. Moodbidri is acclaimed worldwide for the juicy Rambutans and Mangesteins, tingling blackberries, egg fruits, at least 30-40 varieties of mangoes, king-size jackfruits and pineapples. A sizable portion of the farm has been occupied by rare, flowering trees brought from all over the world. There are orchids, magnolias and various creepers. As an added flavour, the mango orchards have been intercropped with vanilla, black pepper and various other herbs which fill the air with a superb aroma. The Soans farm is slowly being recognized as a world centre of farm tourism.

 The Soans brothers usually suggest that the tourists trek around the western ghats. They help them study with their wide knowledge of local varieties. The farm has almost become a centre of eco and farm tourism. There is even a dedicated cottage for those who wish to stay back. L.C. Soans says that many researchers, students and nature enthusiasts arrive here every year in good numbers.

 Soans farm is now one of the largest exporter of fruits. Gained name in the national as well as international market. Supply pineapples to one of the giants called Field Fresh Foods pvt ltd (Del Monte). Pineapple made available at a very low price at the local market (moodbidri).

Shobha Vana
Not far away from the Soans farms is the sprawling estate of Dr. Mohan Alva. An Ayurvedic doctor, academician and cultural personality all rolled into one, Dr.Alva is obsessed with herbs.

Coming from a family of Ayurvedic doctors, he has converted at least 40 acres of his estate into a scientifically designed herbal garden created to match the details in the text book of Dhanvantri, the demigod of Ayurveda

 Dr. Alva has planted over 600 varieties of herbs and classified them into various categories like flowering, fruits, barks and berries. Some rare plants that grow only in Himalayan range, like Guggul, have also been thriving in this garden. One of the attractions of the `Shobha Vana' (treasure house of trees) is the original Ashoka Tree brought from Gaya. Thanks to his vision, many birds, insects and reptiles that have been missing from the western ghats are coming back to nest.

Another feature of this garden is a separate section which has been divided into medicinal plants having religious sanctity, those with affinity to star signs and those dedicated to gods like Shiva and Ganapathy. The Nakshatra-Vana (dedicated to stars) Shivapanchakshri Vana, Ganesh Vana and Raasi Vana and Japa Kusuma Vanas have been formed in accordance with the classical Ayurvedic sciences. All these have been meticulously cultivated with the help of a qualified botanist.

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