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  • Lecture No 2 Radcliff Award

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    Asim Mansoor
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    The document summarizes the Radcliff Award and the boundary commissions for partitioning Punjab and Bengal between India and Pakistan after independence. It notes that Quaid-e-Azam proposed assigning the task to law lords or the UN, but these were rejected. Instead, boundary commissions with members from both sides were formed, chaired by Sir Cyril Radcliff. The commissions faced difficulties partitioning the regions and addressing issues like Calcutta's status. In the end, Radcliff issued decisions partitioning Punjab and Bengal along religious demographic lines over just three weeks despite having no local experience or context.

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    The document summarizes the Radcliff Award and the boundary commissions for partitioning Punjab and Bengal between India and Pakistan after independence. It notes that Quaid-e-Azam proposed assigning the task to law lords or the UN, but these were rejected. Instead, boundary commissions with members from both sides were formed, chaired by Sir Cyril Radcliff. The commissions faced difficulties partitioning the regions and addressing issues like Calcutta's status. In the end, Radcliff issued decisions partitioning Punjab and Bengal along religious demographic lines over just three weeks despite having no local experience or context.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Scarica in formato PPT, PDF, TXT o leggi online su Scribd
    Segnala contenuti inappropriati
    674 visualizzazioni13 pagine

    Lecture No 2 Radcliff Award

    Caricato da

    Asim Mansoor
    The document summarizes the Radcliff Award and the boundary commissions for partitioning Punjab and Bengal between India and Pakistan after independence. It notes that Quaid-e-Azam proposed assigning the task to law lords or the UN, but these were rejected. Instead, boundary commissions with members from both sides were formed, chaired by Sir Cyril Radcliff. The commissions faced difficulties partitioning the regions and addressing issues like Calcutta's status. In the end, Radcliff issued decisions partitioning Punjab and Bengal along religious demographic lines over just three weeks despite having no local experience or context.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Scarica in formato PPT, PDF, TXT o leggi online su Scribd
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    di 13

    Radcliff Award

    Boundary Commission for the partition of Punjab and Bengal

    Quaids Proposals
    Quaid gave two proposals for partition. 1= Task should be assign to three law lords.

    2= To assign this to the U.N.O.

    Both were rejected.

    Boundary Commission

    After lengthy discussion-decided to form Boundary Commission. Commission was consisted of four members for each province and separate chairman.

    Punjab Boundary Commission


    Chairman Sir Cyril Radcliff

    Justice Maher Chand Mahjan (Hindu representation

    Justice Teja Singh Sikh represent.

    1=Justice Muhammad Munir 2=Justice Din Muhammad

    Facts regarding Punjab


    Total Area of Punjab was 99,089 sq.miles. Total population of Punjab was 2,84,18,819. (census 1941) Population of Muslims in Punjab was 1,62, 17, 242. Province comprises five commissionaries. 1= Ambala, 2= Jullundur, 3= Lahore, 4=

    Political Background of Punjabs Partition. (Muslim League Strategy)

    Quaids promises with the Sikh community. Article of the Maharaja of Patiala 1959, assurance of Quaid and Liaqet Ali khan to form the Sikh State with their own military establishment.

    Congress Strategy for Punjab Partition.

    Congressi leaders insisted to divide the Punjab by feeding the Sikh Community. Master Tara Singh demanded the partition of Punjab in a letter to S. Cripps. Congress passed a resolution to this effect on April 8, 1947.

    Division of Punjab

    Punjab is divided into two halves. East and West Punjab. Muslim majority areas were given to East Punjab e.g Gurdaspur, Jullundur, Ferozpur and Ambala. Gurdaspur consisted of four tehsils known SHAKARGARH, BATALA, PATANKOT and Gurdaspur itself. Only Patankot was Muslim minority tehsil. Same happened with Ferozpur and Zira

    Bengal Boundary Commission

    Members of Bengal Commission. Mr. Justice Bijan Kumar Mukherji and Mr. Justice C.C. Biswas. (Congress) Mr. Justice Saleh Muhammad Akram and Mr. Justice S.A. Rehman (M.League) Chairman was Sir Cyril Redcliff.

    Bengals Commission related Problem.


    Decision about Calcutta. Fredrick Burrows, Governor of Bengals suggestion to be free port, open for both dominions. Overruled by Mountbatten. Radcliff gave the Calcutta to West Bengal. Sardar Patels statement over Calcutta.

    Radcliffs Role in the Commission

    Radcliff gave three weeks to complete it. He had never visited Indian territory. Not familiar with Indian culture. Influence of Mountbatten over the decision of Radcliff. Boundary commission failed to conclude but Radcliff gave the decision for them.

    Conclusion

    Water heads Issues. Access to Kashmir from the rest of India. Not a single Hindu majority area gave to Pakistan. Muslim majority areas were given to India. Massacre of the native people.

    THANKS

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