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Economic Systems
When deciding how to use its limited resources, every country answers 3 questions about production and distribution What will be produced? How will it be produced? For whom will it be produced? How a country answers these questions depends on the type of economic system they have
Traditional Economy
An economic system in which production and distribution questions are answered by looking to the past People will make what they always made; will do the same work their parents did Economic decisions are made by customs and beliefs Example: Inuit; some parts of Africa and South America
Command System
An economic system in which production and distribution questions are answered by central planners (government) Example: North Korea, former Soviet Union, Cuba, *most Communist countries --Germany and Russia have moved away from having a Command economy since 1991. Now they have a Mixed economy. Economic decisions are made by the government
Market Economy
An economic system in which production and distribution questions are answered by prices and profits Economic decisions are based on Free Enterprise Most Democratic countries have a variation of a Market economy & a Command economy (Mixed economy) There are no truly pure Market economies, but the US and the United Kingdom are close
Producers and consumers come together to exchange goods and services Exchange is giving up one thing in return for another
In a traditional economy, exchange is most likely to be in the form of barter
Mixed Economy
Individuals own most resources and determine what and how to produce Government regulates certain industries Example: China; most nations Market + Command = Mixed