BJT(Bipolar Junction Transistor)

Bipolar junction transistors are made from 3 sections of semiconductor material (alternating P-type and N-type), with 2 resulting P-N junctions. Schematically, a bipolar transistor can be thought of in this fashion:

A Bipolar Junction Transistor (a.k.a. a BJT or Bipolar Transistor) is an active semiconductor device. Its function is amplification of an electric current.

 One P-N junction is between the emitter and the base; Other P-N junction is between the collector and the base. Note that the emitter and collector are usually doped somewhat differently, so they are rarely electrically interchangeable. In modern practice, the base region is made as thin as possible ; it is often only about one millionth of a meter thick.

Bipolar transistors are classified as either NPN or PNP according to the arrangement of their N-type and P-type materials.
Their basic construction and chemical treatment is implied by their names. So an NPN transistors is formed by introducing a thin region of P-type material between two regions of N-type material.

Types of bjt
Bipolar transistors are classified as either NPN or PNP according to the arrangement of their N-type and P-type materials. Their basic construction and chemical treatment is implied by their names. So

An NPN transistors is formed by introducing a thin region of P-type material between two regions of N-type material.

A PNP transistor is

formed by introducing a thin region of N-type material between two regions of P-type material.

circuit symbols

PNP

NPN

The vertical line represents the base (B), the angular line with the arrow on it represents the emitter (E), and the other angular line represents the collector (C). The direction of the arrow on the emitter distinguishes (graphically) the NPN from the PNP transistor. Note--- If the arrow points in, (Points iN) the transistor is a PNP. On the other hand if the arrow points out, the transistor is an NPN (Not Pointing iN).

Position of the terminals and symbol of BJT

Base is located at the middle and more thin from the level of collector and emitter The emitter and collector terminals are made of the same type of semiconductor material, while the base of the other type of material

Transistor currents
-The arrow is always drawn on the emitter -The arrow always point toward the n-type -The arrow indicates the direction of the emitter current: pnp:E B npn: B E

IC=the collector current IB= the base current IE= the emitter current