Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Harvest and Clarification Tangential Flow Filtration (UF/DF) Low Pressure Liquid Column Chromatography
Tertiary Structure
Ampule Thaw
(Feed1) (Feed 2)
Centrifuge
(Feed 3) (Feed 4)
Concentration / Diafiltration
Cryo-preservation
1 day
Centrifuge Depth Filtration Collection
26,000L Bioreactor
Inoculum
Fermentation
Harvest/Recovery
Viral Inactivation
24 days
Filter
Harvest Collection Tank 1,500L
31 days
Column Eluate Hold Tank 8,000L Column Chromatography Skid Eluate Eluate Hold Hold Tank Tank 20,000L 20,000L
Chromatography Skid
Purification
Filter Column
Chromatography Skid
Filter
Post-viral Hold Vessel 3,000L Viral Filtering
Column
Chromatography Skid
Protein A Chromatography
Bulk Fill
8 days
Filtration
Separation of particles from liquid by applying a pressure to the solution to force the solution through a filter. Filters are materials with pores.
Particles larger than the pore size of the filter are retained by the filter.
Particles smaller than the pore size of the filter pass through the filter along with the liquid.
LP LC Components
Mixer for Buffers, Filtrate with Protein of Interest, Cleaning Solutions Peristaltic Pump Injector to Inject Small Sample (in our case for HETP Analysis) Chromatography Column and Media (Beads) Conductivity Meter UV Detector
Peristaltic Pump
UV Detector
Detects proteins coming out of the column by measuring absorbance at 280nm
Conductivity Meter
Measures the amount of salt in the buffers high salt or low salt are often used to elute the protein of interest from the chromatography beads. Also measures the bolus of salt that may be used to determine the efficiency of column packing (HETP)
Overview of LP LC Chromatography
The molecules of interest, in our case proteins, are adsorbed or stuck to beads packed in the column. We are interested in the equilibrium between protein free in solution and protein bound to the column. The higher the affinity of a protein for the bead the more protein will be bound to the column at any given time. Proteins with a high affinity travel slowly through the column because they are stuck a significant portion of the time. Molecules with a lower affinity will not stick as often and will elute more quickly. We can change the relative affinity of the protein for the column (retention time) and mobile phase by changing the mobile phase (the buffer). Hence the difference between loading buffers and elution buffers. This is how proteins are separated. The most common type of adsorption chromatography is ion exchange chromatography. The others used in commercial biopharmaceutical production are affinity, hydrophobic interaction and gel filtration.
Column Chromatography
Separates molecules by their chemical and physical differences Most common types: Size exclusion (Gel filtration): separates by molecular weight Ion exchange: separates by charge Affinity chromatography: specific binding Hydrophobic Interaction: separates by hydrophobic/hydrophilic characteristics
pH < pI < pH + 0 -
Affinity Chromatography
Affinity chromatography separates the protein of interest on the basis of a reversible interaction between it and its antibody coupled to a chromatography bead (here labeled antigen) . With high selectivity, high resolution, and high capacity for the protein of interest, purification levels in the order of several thousand-fold are achievable. The protein of interest is collected in a purified, concentrated form. Biological interactions between the antigen and the protein of interest can result from electrostatic interactions, van der Waals' forces and/or hydrogen bonding. To elute the protein of interest from the affinity beads, the interaction can be reversed by changing the pH or ionic strength. The concentrating effect enables large volumes to be processed. The protein of interest can be purified from high levels of contaminating substances. Making antibodies to the protein of interest is expensive, so affinity chromatography is the least economical choice for production chromatography.
Affinity Chromatography
Abs 280nm
Time (min)
HIC is finding dramatically increased use in production chromatography. Antibodies are quite hydrophobic and therapeutic antibodies are the most important proteins in the biopharmaceutical pipeline. Since the molecular mechanism of HIC relies on unique structural features, it serves as a non-redundant option to ion exchange, affinity, and gel filtration chromatography. It is very generic, yet capable of powerful resolution. Usually HIC media have high capacity and are economical and stable. Adsorption takes place in high salt and elution in low salt concentrations.
Component Therapeutic Antibody Isoforms Serum and host proteins Cell debris and colloids Bacterial pathogens Virus pathogens DNA Endotoxins Lipids, surfactants Buffer Extractables/leachables Purification reagents
Culture Harvest Level 0.1-1.5 g/l Various 0.1-3.0 g/l 106/ml Various Various 1 mg/l Various 0-1 g/l Growth media Various Various
Final Product Level 1-10 g/l Monomer < 0.1-10 mg/l None <10-6/dose <10-6/dose (12 LRV) 10 ng/dose <0.25 EU/ml <0.1-10 mg/l Stability media <0.1-10 mg/l <0.1-10mg/l
Conventional Method UF/Cromatography Chromatography Chromatography MF MF virus filtration Chromatography Chromatography Chromatography UF UF/ Chromatography UF
Column
Buffer Select
Mixer
Peristaltic Pump
http://ATeLearning.com/BioChrom/