SOLAR POWERED WATER PUMP

By: Utsav Naithani Abhishek Singh Priyanka Yadav

INTRODUCTION
Water is the main resources necessary to sustain life
In rural and remote area electricity is almost impossible Solar energy can be implemented to generate electricity

OBJECTIVE
It aims at more efficient and smart way to implement solar power for pumping of water stored already. A solar powered pump can be more environmentally friendly and economical in its operation.

Solar Water Pump Systems are ideal for use in a wide range of solar energy applications.

EQUIPMENT USED

Solar panel
RF modulator

Water pump

microcontroller

Motor driver

motor

sensor

buzzer

compiler

solar panel
photovoltaic panel is a packaged, interconnected assembly of solar cells,

also known as photovoltaic cells. Solar panels use light energy (photons) from the sun to generate electricity through the photovoltaic effect. The structural (load carrying) member of a module can either be the top layer or the back layer. The majority of modules use wafer-based crystalline silicon cells or thin-film cells based on cadmium telluride or silicon. The conducting wires that take the current off the panels may contain silver, copper or other conductive (but generally not magnetic) transition metals.The cells must be connected electrically to one another and to the rest of the system. Cells must also be protected from mechanical damage and moisture. Most solar panels are rigid, but semi-flexible ones are available, The solar panel can be used as a component of a larger photovoltaic system to generate and supply electricity in commercial and residential applications .

Water pump
A 12v dc water pump is used to pump water from a stored

container to a secondry tank. The pump can work by the supply provided by the battery or it can directly work on the power produced by the solar panel

Microcontroller
Micro suggests that the device is small, and controller tells

you that the device might be used to control objects, processes, or events. Another term to describe a microcontroller is embedded controller, because the microcontroller and its support circuits are often built into, or embedded in, the devices they control. Microcontrollers are used in automatically controlled products and devices, such as automobile engine control systems, implantable medical devices, remote controls, office machines, appliances, power tools, toys and other embedded systems.

RF modulator:
RF communication works by creating electromagnetic waves at a source

and being able to pick up those electromagnetic waves at a particular destination. These electromagnetic waves travel through the air at near the speed of light. The wavelength of an electromagnetic signal is inversely proportional to the frequency; the higher the frequency, the shorter the wavelength. RF Module can be categoried into two parts :

Transmitter Features:
434 MHz Transmitter Operation 500 Ft. Range - Dependent on Transmitter Power Supply

2400 or 4800bps transfer rate

Low cost Extremely small and light weight

Receiver Features: 434 MHz Operation 500 Ft. Range - Dependent on Transmitter Power Supply 4800 bps transfer rate Low cost Extremely small and light weight

L293DMotor Driver and H-Bridges The most common method to drive DC motors in two directions under control of a computer is with an H-bridge motor driver. H-bridges can be built from scratch with bi-polar junction transistors (BJT) or with field effect transistors (FET), or can be purchased as an integrated unit in a single integrated circuit package such as the L293. The L293 is simplest and inexpensive for low current motors.

BUZZER A buzzer or beeper is a signaling device, usually electronic, typically used in cars or anything electronic, household appliances such as microwave ovens, or game shows. It most commonly consists of a number of switches or sensors connected to a control unit that determines if and which button was pushed or a preset time has lapsed, and usually illuminates a light on the appropriate button or control panel, and sounds a warning in the form of a continuous or intermittent buzzing or beeping sound.

Compiler :
It ran only on the Eclipse ,Eclipse is a multi-language software development environment comprising an integrated development environment (IDE) and an extensible plug-in system. It is written mostly in Java and can be used to develop applications in Java and, by means of various plug-ins, other programming languages including Ada, C, C++, COBOL, Perl, PHP, Python, R, Ruby (including Ruby on Rails framework), Scala, Clojure, Groovy and Scheme. It can also be used to develop packages for the software Mathematica. The IDE is often called Eclipse ADT (Ada Development Toolkit) for Ada, Eclipse CDT for C/C++, Eclipse JDT for Java, and Eclipse PDT for PHP. The initial codebase originated from VisualAge.[1] In its default form it is meant for Java developers, consisting of the Java Development Tools (JDT). Users can extend its abilities by installing plug-ins written for the Eclipse software framework, such as development toolkits for other programming languages, and can write and contribute their own plug-in modules. Released under the terms of the Eclipse Public License, Eclipse is free and open

source software. It was one of the first IDEs to run under GNU Classpath and it runs without issues under IcedTea. This plug-in mechanism is a lightweight software componentry

ON BOARD BLOCK DIAGRAM

Solar panel

Motor
Battery Charger

Motor driver

Power supply

uC

Decoder

Rx

Sensor
Water pump

Buzzer

Switch M2 Motor driver

DISCRIPTION solar panel is the main source of energy ,connected to the charger circuit which charges the battery. The solar panel is fitted with sensors such that they track the position of the sun hence it is able to move automatically in the direction of the sun so that maximum efficiency can be obtained in the generation of energy. For this purpose motor are fitted to the solar panel. We can also adjust the direction of the solar panel by using the rf remote., This whole system is connected to the microcontroller which looks into the tracking system of the solar panel and the working of the rf remote. At the time when the secondry tank is completely filled or filled to a certain level a signal is generated which trips the alarm circuit so that we get to know thats its time to switch off the system .This helps us to avoid un necessary wastage to water resource.

OFF BOARD BLOCK DIAGRAM

Tx

RF remote

uC

Encoder

DESCRIPTION

This is a transmitting system in which a rf remote , microcontroller, encoder is used.

This remote is used to change the direction of the solar panel according to our wish. Along with this we can use this remote to switch on or off the whole system.
The following parts which are used:

Applications: Water pumping

Solar PV water pumping systems are used for irrigation and drinking water

in India. The majority of the pumps are fitted with a 200 watt - 3,000 watt motor are powered with 1,800 Wp. PV array which can deliver about 140,000 liters of water/day from a total head of 10 meters.

Chemical injection
Many oil and gas wells require the accurate injection (metering) of various

chemicals, under pressure to ensure safe and environmentally sustainable operation. Historically, these chemical injection pumps (CIP) have been driven by a gas reciprocating motor utilising the well's gas and exhausting the gas into the atmosphere. As this results in adding to the Earth's Greenhouse Gas problems as well as other environmental issues, Solar Powered Chemical Injection Pumps (Solar CIP) have been a welcome development

Solar Irrigation System Plans This first illustration shows the solar part of the irrigation system plus the pump used to send the water from the main water tank to the secondary tank at the location where watering is to take place. The panel and battery can easily be located at/in a shed or outhouse and the main tank underground if visual impact is likely to be an issue.

REFERENCES
Important internet sites/webpages:

www.google.com
WWW.RENEWABLE ENERGY.COM WWW.SOLARENERGY.NET WWW.SOLARPOEWRED PRODUCTS.ORG WWW.SOLAR POWERED PUMP.COM WWW.WIKIPEDIA.COM