Sei sulla pagina 1di 22

Thermal and Structural Analysis of a Combustion Test Apparatus using ANSYS

Adam Decker Brandon Underwood Matt Greathouse Scott Andrews

ME 450 Dr. Nemah MW 430 PM 545 PM Fall 2008

Objectives
Structural Analysis on the fuel tank filled with a propane and air mixture if an explosion occurs. Transient Thermal Analysis on the test cell to test if the temperatures will be too high for the current design.

Introduction

Test Cell Tank

Theoretical Background

Combustion Chamber Heat Transfer Analysis A simulation was run to find whether the entire chamber could heat to the point where any special precautions would need to be taken.

Fuel/Air Mix Behavior


What would the characteristics be of the fuel/air mixture during the combustion process? What equations would be needed to find this information? What is the convection heat transfer coefficient, enabling ANSYS to simulate the heat transfer from the combustion to the chamber walls?

Equations
1. Hydraulic Diameter 2. Reynolds Number

3. Friction Factor
4. Nusselt Number

5. Convection Coefficient

Tank Explosion Analysis


A simulation was run to predict what could happen if multiple part failures were to occur causing the ignition of the tanks fuel/air mix.

Maximum Pressure
First, find the maximum possible pressure for the combustion temperature using ideal gas law.

PV=nRT
Double this pressure to simulate the combustion shockwave.

Explosion analysis model details


Modeled in ProE Imported into ANSYS Workbench Static structural analysis
7285 nodes 3605 elements

Materials and conditions


Structural steel 0 DOF on base of tank Constant 20 C temperature 36259 psi Yield strength 66717 psi Ultimate strength

Application of loads
Pressure loading on interior surface 10ms overpressure simulates shock wave of explosion Ramp loading better simulates real world behavior
Steps 1 2 3 Time [s] 0. 1.e-002 2.e-002 9. 10. Pressure [psi] 0. 3000. 1442.7 0.

Tank analysis results


42897 psi maximum stress Greater than yield stress Less than ultimate stress of 66717 psi Tank should be replaced if an explosion occurs

Thermal analysis model details


Modeled in ProE Imported into ANSYS Workbench Transient thermal analysis Block contained
14228 nodes 8112 elements

Materials and conditions


Aluminum Initially 20 C 1.5ms for 60% combustion
Step Step End Time Initial Time Step Minimu Maximu m Time m Time Step Step

1.5e003 s

1.5e005 s

1.5e006 s

1.5e004 s

1. s

9.985e- 9.985e- 9.985e003 s 004 s 002 s

2. s

1.e-002 1.e-003 s s

0.1 s

Application of loads
Natural convection
Vertical surfaces Horizontal surfaces
Steps Time [s] Convection Temperature Coefficient [F] [BTU/sinF] = 5.2527e-005 = 2240. 2240. 1340.3 68.

Forced turbulent convection


h=5.2527e-005 BTU/sinF

1 2 3

0. 1.5e-003 1. 2.

5.2527e-005
0.

Radiation
=.1

Steps 1 2 3

Time [s] 0. 1.5e-003 1. 2.

Temperature [F] = 2240. 2240. 1340.3 32.

Block analysis results


Maximum temperature 87.231 F Temperature on outside of block remains even lower No danger to components hooked up to the outside

Impact Statement- Societal


Propane: -majority of used is produced domestically -nearly 80 percent of farms use to run pumps and engines, dry crops, heat buildings, process foods, and reduce emissions. -more than 10 million vehicles around the world use propane

Impact Statement - Environmental


Propane:
low carbon count (per BTU) emmisions are much cleaner has relatively gentle human toxicity characteristics not a potential contributor to groundwater pollution

Impact Statement - Safety


Flammability

Propane can create gaseous hydrogen (which can be a flammable issue)

Conclusion
Structural Analysis showed no catastophic failures in tank. Will need replaced if a failure occurs. Thermal analysis showed that the test cell will not reach temperatures that could damage other components.

Bibliography
Moaveni, Saeed. Finite Element Analysis: Theory and Application with ANSYS. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2008. Incropera, Frank P., David P. Dewitt, Theodore L. Bergman, and Adrienne S. Lavine. Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2007.

Potrebbero piacerti anche