PRACTICAL TRAINING SEMINAR ON

INDIAN RAILWAYS

Presented by:
Vipul Zadoo Roll No. 85

CONTENTS:

INTRODUCTION TO RAILWAYS TELEPHONE EXCHANGE PASSENGER RESERVATION SYSTEM RAILNET DEPARTMENT

INTRODUCTION TO RAILWAYS

Indian Railway is certainly the 'Lifeline of the Nation' with its commendable performance since the last 150 years having total rail route of 62,480 km.

Indian Railways is known to be the largest railway network in Asia and world's largest railway system under a single management with 16 zones.
IR employs about 1.6 million people, making itself the second largest commercial or utility employer in the world.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Total Rail route No. of railway stations No. of railways zones No. of division Total

62,480 Km. 7052 16 65 Broad Gauge line 39,647 Km. Meter Gauge line 22,833 Km. 11 Million 7,356 11,270
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6. 7. 8. 9.

No. of passengers traveling per day No. of passengers train Trains Running per day Total Railways Employees

12 Lac

TELEPHONE EXCHANGE
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Indian Railways

ELECTRONIC EXCHANGE
Railway has its own communication system including microwave stations and automatic electronic exchanges. Power Plant (Required for exchange) C-DOT Exchange Digital Electronic Exchange Jaipur Division exchange consists of three main exchanges: First is having a capacity of 128 lines. It is based on C-DOT technology which is an Indian Technology and it is a product of RTPL (Raj. Telematics Pvt. Ltd.). Second one has the capacity of 1200 lines and is based on OKI technology. It is a collaboration product of TATA Telecom and Crompton Greaves. Third one has a capacity of 60 lines. It is a MKT (Multi Key Telephone) exchange. It provides ISDN facility to Railway.

C-DOT ELECTRONIC
Features:

EXCHANGE

128 terminations can be accommodated in single frame. The maximum subscribers accommodation is 96 with 8 Junction lines and can be extended up-to 24 with reduction of subscriber lines. Fully digital exchange. Stored program controlled. Non-blocking exchange and need Less installation time. Low power consumption. Can work up to 45c, so no air-condition is required.
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FUNCTIONS OF IMPORTANT CARDS

PSU CARD : It is switch mode power supply card worked on 484volts DC. It feeds-48V dc to subscriber line card and senses the flow of current in line. PSU generates other supplies for various cards through dc to dc converter. SUBSCRIBER LINE CARD (SLC Card): It acts as a terminal card for interfacing subscriber and exchange. There are 10 such cards. Each card contains 8 lines. In addition of these 10 cards, there are 3 trunk cards. One trunk card can not be replaced So that maximum possible subscriber with trunk is 96+8. TGD CARD(Tone generator and Diagnostic card):It generates 8 different tones to indicate different status of the subscriber line. When it is required to feed a tone to subscriber, the time slot of particular tone is switched to time slot of the subscriber. Hence subscriber hears the tone.

PRS : PASSENGER RESERVATION SYSTEM

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Indian Railways

PRS

SYSTEM:

Computerized passenger reservation system is a most useful, efficient and dynamic network facility. For western and central railways a common server is installed in CSTM, and the trains of both railways are programmed on this computer. Terminals of different locations connected to this computer with the communication link through OFC; UHF; MW, on 4 wire/2wire analog speech channel; digital 64Kbps channels with the help of Mux.
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CSTM MAIN FRAME COMPUTER: This main server is connected to slave servers. If the location of slave server is at remote place than it is connected through MUX-modem. At present there are 5 Main computer frame i.e. CSTM, DLI, HWH, DS, MAS, and all computers are interconnected to each other with 64 Kbps through lease line modem.
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It consist 4 servers connected to each other in cyclic order or bus connectivity through Ethernet cable, and all the servers share a common stored memory i.e. a group of 70/80 hard disk installed in rack. In PRS, there is only one set of computers in which all the information regarding the train coaches reservation, fare, status are available. Terminals can access these computers from remote location for registration, inquiry of reservation and data for printing the chart and the ticket.

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RAILNET
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Indian Railways

RAILNET

INTRODUCTION

Railways have their own Corporate Wide Information System (CWIS) called RAILNET to provide computer connectivity between Railway Board with Zonal Railways, Production Units, Centralized Training Institutes & 46 Major Training Institutes. For improvement in this network in terms of bandwidth, quality of channel, Indian railways setup a separate organization. i.e. Indian Railways Central Organization for Telecommunication (IRCOT). Railnet was established in Three phases all over India.

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RAILNET DESCRIPTION

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NETWORK COMPONENTS

SERVER:- A shared machine together with the software programs, which handles requests and distributes the network resources to all the machines which are connected to it. ROUTER: - A router translates information from one network to another. Routers select the best path to route a message, based on the destination address and origin. It can direct traffic to prevent head on collision and is smart to know when to direct traffic along shortcuts. SWITCH: - The switch is used to interconnect the Nodes. It is more complex and there is no division of Bandwidth among nodes.

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FIREWALL: - It is security purpose software which is used to secure server contents, so the outside user can read the information but cannot write anything. HUB: - It is active junction box, which is used to connect the nodes and all the servers using any type of cable .It contains division of network bandwidth. NETWORK INTERFACE CARD:- It is a device having intelligence to control access to the network and enables communication across the network. NODES:-The terminals or computers interconnected through switch or hub. which are
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QUERIES

PLEASE

Thank You.
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