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Define the terms communications and telecommunications and describe the components of a telecommunications system
An unmistakable trend of communications technology is that more people are able to send and receive all forms of information over greater distances at a faster rate
Identify broad categories of communications media and discuss the basic characteristics of specific media types Describe how a modem works Explain the types of telecommunications carriers today and the services they provide
Identify the benefits associated with a telecommunications network Define the term network topology and identify five alternatives Discuss the different communications protocols and devices used for telecommunications Name three distributed processing alternatives and discuss their basic features List some telecommunications applications that organizations are benefiting from today
Communications
Sender
Telecommunication
Signal
Receiver
The electronic transmission of signals for communications, such as telephone, radio and television
Data communications
a subset of telecommunications involving computerized data, but not voice communications.
Asynchronous communications: the receiver gets the message some period of time after it is sent
Telecommunications
Telecommunications: electronic transmission of signals for communications, via telephone, radio, television, etc. Data communications: subset of telecommunications that refers to the electronic collection, processing, and distribution of data, typically between computer system hardware devices Telecommunications medium: anything that carries an electronic signal and interfaces between a sending device and a receiving device
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Types of Media
Guided transmission media: communications signals are guided along a solid medium Wireless media: communications signals are sent over airwaves
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Types of Media
Twisted-Pair Coaxial Cable Fiber-Optic Cable Microwave Transmission
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Communication Processors
Hardware devices utilized in data transmission and reception
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Telecommunication Signals
Analog signals
Continuous waves Information conveyed by changing wave characteristics (amplitude and frequency)
Digital signals
Discrete pulses Information conveyed in binary form (on or off pulses) Easily understood by computer
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Modems
A typical telephone line can only accommodate an analog signal (a continuous, curving signal) A computer generates a digital signal representing bits Modem: a device that translates data from digital to analog and analog to digital Modulation: translating digital data to analog Demodulation: analog data to digital
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Other Devices
Multiplexers: devices that allow several telecommunications signals to be transmitted over a single communications medium at the same time Combine signals from several computers
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Figure 6.9: Use of a Multiplexer to Consolidate Data Communications onto a Single Communications Link
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Front-End Processors
Front-end processors: special-purpose computers that manage communications to and from a computer system Connect a midrange or mainframe computer to hundreds or thousands of communications lines This relieves the main computer of work so that it can be free to process other tasks. Front end processors are usually mainframes or midrange computers.
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ISDN
Integrated services digital network (ISDN): a set of standards for integrating voice and data communications onto a single line via digital transmission over copper wire or other media high speed data transmission over existing phone lines ISDN requires special adapters at both ends of the transmission line
Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL) - high speed digital transmission over existing phone lines
Principles of Information Systems, Seventh Edition 28
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Symmetric DSL(SDSL)
Cannot use internet and phone at the same time
Asymmetric DSL(ADSL)
Always on internet access Dedicated line from subscriber to telephone network Download speed 3-4 times faster than upload speed
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Client/server LAN
A network in which one or more computers act as a server and the other computers on the network can request services from the server
client
client
client
laser printer
Principles of Information Systems, Seventh Edition
server
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Telecommunications Applications
Linking personal computers to mainframes and networks
Voice mail
Electronic software distribution Electronic document distribution
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Telecommunications Applications