Causes of The Industrial Revolution

bigger, better, faster, more!

Video

And it all started with a simple sheep!

A New Approach
Max Webers The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. Sometimes called the Puritan work ethic
a value emphasizing the necessity of constant labor in a person's calling as a sign of personal salvation Protestants beginning with Martin Luther had reconceived work as a duty for the benefit of the individual and society.

Growing population
Population of England & Wales grew exponentially from 1750, nearly trebling in a century to reach 21 million by 1851. Reasons:
More food Resistance to disease Married younger Higher birthrate

English population 1708 & 1911

Agricultural Improvements Leads to a Large Labor Supply

Tulls Seed Drill

Enclosure Movement
Agricultural improvements Better food Population increase More workers available Larger farms Less need for workers Peasants move to the cities Machines and sheep

Few jobs available

Protestant Work Ethic: Work hard, it makes God happyand you dont starve to death!

Enclosure Movement
The open field system was essentially feudal - each farmer subsistence-cropped strips of land in one of three or four large fields held in common and split up the products likewise. Enclosures meant some of the common fields were enclosed into individually owned fields This led to farmers losing their land and their grazing rights and left many unemployed

Threshing machine

The END for the peasants! Mwahahahahah

Lord "Turnip" Townshend

Its really much better than the 3-Field system!

The regular planting of legumes in the fields which were previously fallow slowly increased the fertility of croplands

Creation of Financial Markets

What shall we do with all this dough?

Colonialism expands

Causing

International trade (like the Triangle Trade) to expand

Capital ($) to accumulate

Causing

Causing

The need for financial markets to invest the new money.

Better transport
Better roads & canals Britain had largest merchant navy in world
Hearts of oak are our ships, Jolly tars are our men, We always are ready, Steady boys, steady The sight of the barges each honest heart glads, And the merriest of mortals are Birmingham lads!

Resources: Power and Machines

Burned to power engines Coal Steam engines

Replace animal power

Need to be efficient

New machines

iron

Needed to make engines

Scientific Revolution

Britain had large quantities of coal & iron

 Henry Bessemer took out a patent on the process in 1855. removed impurities from iron by oxidation air was blown through the molten iron. Reduced time & cost of steel making

From iron to steel

You now have the needed:

Factors of Production
Land - from Enclosure Movement Labor - from farmers leaving farms and from new machines Capital - from profits from colonial expansion.
One additional item that helps is a stable government, no one wants to build a factory in a war zone!
Who has the most stable government?
Youre absolutely spot on.! Its us!

Ms. Nocca is NOT stable.

Ms. Nocca

Chain reaction of Consumerism

Start here
More people can afford new goods

Demand For goods rises

Prices fall

Machines produce more efficiently

Supply of goods increases

Video
Video II

Revolution in the Textile Industry

Factories and the Growth of Cities