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Overview

Introduction History Components Technologies Pros & cons Applications Conclusion

Introduction

A touch screen is a display that can detect the presence and location of a touch within the display area. Touch screen can also sense other passive objects such as stylus.

History

Touch screens emerged from academic and corporate research labs In 1971, the first "Touch Sensor" was developed by Doctor Sam Hurst (founder of Elographics) while he was an instructor at the University of Kentucky.

Contd

This sensor, called the Elograph. Touch screens first gained some visibility with the invention of the computer-assisted learning terminal, which came out in 1975 as part of the PLATO project.

Components

A basic touch screen has three main components :


Touch sensor Controller Software driver

Touch sensor

A touch screen sensor is a clear glass panel with a touch responsive area. The touch sensor is placed over a display screen so that the responsive area of the panel covers the viewable area of the screen.

Controller

The controller connects between the touch sensor and the PC. Take information from the touch sensor and translate it into information that PC can understand.

Software Driver

The driver allow the touch screen and computer to work together This makes touching the screen as same as clicking the your mouse at the same location on the screen.

Technologies

Resistive Surface acoustic wave Capacitive Infrared Optical Imaging

Resistive

composed of several layers Two Electrically conductive layers

Surface acoustic wave


uses ultrasonic waves Surface wave touch screen panels can be damaged by outside elements. When the panel is touched, a portion of the wave is absorbed.

Open Frame SAW Touch Monitor

Capacitive

Consist of an insulator such as glass Coated with transparent conductor such as ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) touching the surface of the screen results in a distortion of the screen's electrostatic field, measurable as a change in capacitance.

Infrared

An infrared touch screen uses an array of X-Y infrared LED and photo detector pairs around the edges of the screen to detect a disruption in the pattern of LED beams.

Optical imaging

In this two or more image sensors are placed around the edges of the screen. A touch shows up as a shadow and each pair of cameras can then be pinpointed to locate the touch.

Comparison

PROS

User friendly Fast response Error free input Use finger , fingernail , gloved hands , stylus or any soft tip pointer Easy to clean Does not interfere mouse and keyboard Make computing easy , powerful and fun It benefits children

CONS

Finger stress Fingerprints screen has to be really big not to miss things when pressing them with your finger big screen leads to low battery life touch screen means screen cant be read too well in direct sunlight as it applies an additional not 100% transparent Fatigue

Applications
Museums Library resource guides Corporate information Airport terminal passenger internet and emails ATMs Restaurants' Grocery stores

Conclusion

Designers are trying to use touch screen to simplify input commands Today , touch screen has becomes adopted by computers users of all abilities because it is simple, fast and innovative. In future there is no usage of mouse and keyboards as they will be replaced by touch screen.

References

http://www.google.co.in/#q=Touch+screen+technology& as_sitesearch=wikipedia.org&sa=X&ei=LjVqTf2TL86GrA fO7ujCCw&ved=0CC4Q2wE&hl=en&biw=1280&bih=869 &fp=dcc4ce35a3a0f2a4 http://www.google.co.in/#sclient=psy&hl=en&site=&sourc e=hp&q=ppts+on+touch+screen+technology&aq=0&aqi= g1&aql=&oq=PPTs+on+Touch+screen&fp=1&cad=b http://www.scribd.com/doc/29866129/Touchscreentechnology-ppt-by-pavan-kumar-M-T http://wiki.fluidproject.org/display/fluid/Benchmarking++Touch+Screen+Options

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