PERSONAL PRONOUNS

i. ii. iii. I, We, You, he, she, it, they are called Personal Pronouns because they stand for the three persons:the person speaking the person spoken to, and the person spoken of. The pronouns I and We, which denote the person or persons speaking, are said to be Personal Pronouns of the First Person. The pronoun you, which denotes the person or persons spoken to, is said to be a Personal Pronoun of the Second Person. You is used both in singular and plural The pronouns he, she, they and it, which denote the person, thing or persons spoken of, are said to be Personal Pronouns of the Third Person.

FIRST PERSON
SINGULAR
Nominative Possessive Accusative I my, mine me

PLURAL
Nominative Possessive Accusative we our,ours us

SECOND PERSON
SINGULAR / PLURAL Nominative Possessive Accusative you your, yours you

THIRD PERSON
SINGULAR FEMININE She Her, hers her PLURAL ALL GENDERS

They Their, theirs Them

DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS
This, that, etc. are Demonstrative Adjectives when they are used with nouns as:

This book is mine That pen is yours These books are mine Those pens are yours
This refers to what is close at hand and nearest to the thought or person of the speaker. That refers to what is over there, farther away and more remote. This is better than that That with its plural those is used to avoid the repetition of a preceding Noun as: The climate of Belgaum is like that of Pune The rivers of America are larger than those of Europe When two things which have been already mentioned are referred to, this refers to the thing last mentioned , that to the thing mentioned as: Alcohol and tobacco are both injurious; this perhaps, less than that

RELATIVE PRONOUNS
Who is used for persons only. It may refer to a singular or a plural noun. The man who is honest is trusted

Who is sometimes used in referring to animals.

Whose (the possessive form of who) is used in speaking of persons, animals, and things without life. The sun, whose rays give life to the earth, is regarded by some people as a god Which is used for things without life and for animals. It may refer to a singular or plural noun. The moment which is lost for ever Which may also refer to a sentences as: He is here, which is fortunate The relative pronouns who and which can be used: To restrict, limit or define more clearly the antecedent; that is, where the clause introduced by a relative pronoun is restrictive or defining as The man who had cheated me was yesterday arrested by the police. To give some additional information about the antecedent; that is, where the clause introduced by a relative pronoun is continuative or nondefining as The teacher sent for the boy, who (= and he) came at once That is used for persons and things, it may refer to singular and plural noun. The relative pronoun that is used in preference to who or which After adjectives in the superlative degree; as, This is the best that we can do After the words all, same, any, none, nothing, (the) only; as, All is not gold that glitters After the Interrogative Pronouns who, what ; as, Who that saw her did not pity her? After two antecedents, one denoting a person and the other denoting an animal or a thing; as, The boy and his dog that had trespassed on the club premises were turned out What refers to things only. It is used without an antecedent expressed , and is equivalent to that which (or the thing which)

CONJUNCTION
Conjunction is a word which merely joins together sentences and sometimes words. Conjunctions are divided into two classes: Co-ordinating and Subordinating. Co-ordinating Conjunction joins together clauses of equal rank.
Cumulative or copulative which merely add one statement to another; as, We carved not a line, and we raised not a stone. Adversative which express opposition or contrast between two statement; as. He is slow, but he is sure. Disjunctive or Alternative which expressed a choice between two alternatives; as. She must weep, or she will die Illative which expressed an inference; as. Something certainly fell in : for I heard a splash

Any of the Co-ordinating Conjunction with the exception of or, nor, may be omitted and its place taken by a comma, semi-colon or colon ;as, Rama went out to play ; Hari stayed in to work A Subordinating Conjunction joins a clause to another on which it depends for its full meaning The word than is also a Subordinating Conjunction: He is taller than I (am tall)

CONJUNCTION
Subordinating Conjunction may be classified according to their meaning, as follows: Time I would die before I lied Cause or reason He may enter, as he is a friend Purpose We eat so that we may live Result or consequence He was so tired that he could scarcely stand Condition Rama will go if Hari goes Concession I will not see him, thought he comes Comparison He is stronger than Ila [is]