Waste Management

Bhanu Pratap Singh Harshit Pathak

WASTE
It refers to materials that are not prime products (i.e. products produced for the market) for which the generator has no further use for own purpose of production, transformation or consumption, and which he discards, or intends or is required to discard.

WASTE MANAGEMANT
Collection,transport,processing, recycling or disposal of waste materials , usually ones produced by the human activity,in an effort to reduce their effect on human health or local aesthetics or aminity. Includes solid liquid and gaseous substances

 Basic waste management principles : - reduce environmental and health impacts - to save resources

WASTE MANAGEMENT HIERARCHY

PREVENTION
MOST FAVOURED OPTION

MINIMISATION REUSE RECYCLING

LEAST FAVOURED OPTION

ENERGY RECOVERY DISPOSAL

Reduce
Necessary to determine the composition of the waste and the reasons for its creation. Requires specific knowledge of the production process unlike post creation process.

Reuse
Using an item more than once. types 1. Conventional reuse-item is used as a number of times for the same function. Eg-doorstep delivery of milk in reusable bottles. 2. new life reuse-new use is found for the item. Reuse can have both financial, waste volume and environmental benefits.

Recycling
Reprocessing of materials into new products. Prevents useful materials become wasted,reduces the consumption of raw materials,reduces energy uses. Greenhouse gas emissions. recyclables or recyclates - recyclable materials- serve as a raw material for production of a new product.

Rethink
New way of looking at wastes. E.g. some rethink solutions may be counter intuitive, such as cutting fabric patterns with slightly more waste materials left the now larger scraps are then used for cutting small parts of the pattern, resulting in a decrease in net waste.

Procedure of waste management

Waste disposal 1. Landfill 2. Incineration 3. Plasma gasification Waste recycling Waste processing

LANDFILL

Landfill
Burying of the waste. Established in abandoned or unused quarries, and mining voids. By product- gas(green house gas)-generation of electricity using landfill gas extraction system.

Incineration
Combustion of waste materials. Convert waste materials into heat, gas, steam, and ash. Carried on both large scale and small scale basis. Practical method of disposing hazardous waste materials. Produces heat that can be used as energy.

Plasma gasification
Plasma-highly ionized and electrically charged gas. This process results in the elemental destruction of waste and hazardous materials.

RECYCLING

Waste recycling
Breaking down of materials from waste steams into raw materials which are reprocessed either into the same material or a new product. Generally includes waste separation and material reprocessing.

Waste processing
Range of activities characterized by the treatment and recovery of materials or energy from waste through thermal,chemical, or biological menas. Groups of processes. 1. biological processes 2. thermal processes

Waste prevention techniques

By reducing the demand to be met. By using less or less harmful materials for meeting the demand- dematerialization. Process related waste prevention. Product related waste prevention. Service oriented waste prevention. Consumption related waste prevention.

Types of waste management

Urban waste management Municipal waste management Radio active waste management

Examples of waste management in Japan(1997-2001)

Recycle of tote bag Ibaraki recycling Citizen payoff Waste reduction coalition Waste exchange Alternate pulp Waste reduction

 Construction waste. Recycled goods Buy green

Thank you