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WHAT IS DIAGNOSIS ?
It can be defined as recognition of a
disease or condition by its outward signs and symptoms It comprises of 4 main parts
1. 2. 3. 4.
examination
Case history
Clinical examination
Provisional diagnosis
hypothetical diagnosis until the condition that most completely and accurately explains the abnormality
Investigative Diagnosis
The common methods are Hematological Biochemical
Radiological
Histopathological
Microbial
Hematological investigations
Patient presenting with h/o recurrent ulcers,bald tongue ,
NORMAL VALUES
30,00,000 40,00,000 cell / cumm Males - 14-18 gm/dl Females - 12-16gm/dl
Serum iron
Ferritin Total iron binding capacity
Biochemical investigations
Patient presenting with a family h/o diabetes , any infection
NORMAL VALUES
1.0003 1.030 180 mg/dl None
Radiological investigations
Patient presenting with h/o carious lesion & tenderness
on percussion
Histopathological investigations
Patient presenting with a non healing ulcer on lateral
border of tongue
Microbial investigations
Endodontists frequently advise preparation of smear from
paper points removed from root canals for evaluation of microbiologic status of canal prior to filling
Case history
Clinical examination
Final diagnosis
Investigations
(history taking , clinical examination and investigations ) has been collected , analyzed and subjected to logical thought
It is also known as definitive diagnosis
Comprehensive diagnosis
It is done for patients who have not been evaluated
Recall diagnosis
It is done for patients who have been evaluated before and
the results of prior comprehensive diagnosis is available The goal is to identify conditions which have changed and supplement it to reflect the patients current status It can be of 2 types Asking patient for any changes repeating most of comprehensive dental diagnosis
patient history and physical examination must be performed It is done by SOAP evaluation S subjective information or symptoms
O objective or physical findings A analysis or clinical impression P plan or recommended management
Emergency diagnosis
It is done to manage a chief complaint that requires
immediate attention
Comprehensive diagnostic evaluation is sacrificed in interest
Screening diagnosis
It is done to answer a specific question about the patient
It is limited only to obtain information needed to answer
this question
The focus is on the specific disease which is undergoing
screening
Importance is to determine patients general dental
Importance of diagnosis ?
1.
follow ups
2. To understand the depth of disease and preventing
health
5. Deciding the best way to treat the diseases. 6. In knowing the detailed health status of the patient for medico-legal cases 7.It is quite crucial for research and statistics
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