Services in UMTS Networks

per.johansson@ericsson.com

Rev PA1

2/25/02

Outline
UMTS Architecture Overview
GPRS Mobility and Roaming GPRS QoS

IP Multimedia Subsystem
Home Network Environment Open Service Access -- OSA

Relation to ISP structure

Rev PA1

2/25/02

UMTS Architecture Overview

An implementation of the IMT-2000 requirements
WCDMA radio access Higher rates and QoS

Major effort: Provide Internet oriented services!

SIP based multimedia support Open interfaces

Modular approach
Allows for independently evolving network components

Physical entities grouped into Domains Grouping of protocols offer services in Strata
Provided by one or several domains
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UMTS Architecture - (Physical) Domains

Subscription Mgmt Home Services E2E Applications

TE MT

Routes Calls/Data E2E Local Services Radio Resource Mgmt Core Network Access

Radio Access

Home Network Domain [Zu]

Data transport to remote party Non-user specific information

Cu

Uu

Iu

[Yu]

Serving Network Domain USIM Domain Mobile Equipment Domain User Equipment Domain Access Network Domain Core Network Domain Infrastructure Domain

Transit Network Domain

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2/25/02

Network Stratawhats that?

A (telecom?) way to abstract the notion networks of networks Stratified Reference Model -- SRM

7 6 5 4 Network n connectivity Link functions Infrastructure n

Example: IP Network Stratum n-2 ATM VP/VC

Network n-2 connectivity

Network Stratum n-1

Network n-1 connectivity Link functions Infrastructure n-1

Network Stratum n

SONET/SDH
Link functions Infrastructure n-2

Etc...

DWDM

Network n

Network n-1

Network n-2

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2/25/02

Strata -- Functional Aspects of UMTS

Stratum: Grouping of protocol layers providing a specific service
Home Stratum USIM - HN USIM - MT MT - SN SN - HN

Authentication Mobility Mgmt Billing/charging Home specific services

Serving Stratum USIM - MT MT - SN

Routing from source to destination Mobility Mechanisms Telecom services (local/generic) Transport user/signaling data ARQ FEC Data adaptation for network access Access technique specific functions

Transport Stratum Access Stratum MT - AN AN - SN

USIM

MT/ME

Access Network Domain

2/25/02

Serving Network Domain

6

Home Network Domain

Rev PA1

Application Stratum
Application Stratum Application

Applications provided to the end user Applications may be within or outside the scope of UMTS PS and CS based applications

Serving Stratum TE - MT MT - SN

Transport Stratum Access Stratum

Note!
TE Mobile Equipment Domain
Rev PA1

MT - AN MT

AN - SN

Access Network Domain

2/25/02

Serving Network Domain

7

Transit Network Domain

Remote Party

Packet Switched and Circuit Switched Domains

One PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network) is One Mobile Operator Migration from GSM to UMTS crucial Coexistence over long period foreseen Multimode mobile equipment
PDN (e.g. IP Network)

GSM BSS

PS Domain Home Domai n CS Domain

Core Network

ME UMTS RNS (UTRAN)

PSTN

Rev PA1

2/25/02

GPRS -- Generic Packet Radio Service

Introduces Packet Switching to Cellular Networks -- the 3GPP way! Concept: Hide cellular specifics from the legacy PS (PDN) domain Migrate from GSM to UMTS access with the same GPRS Core Network Use legacy PDN as infrastructure for the CN Many design decisions made pre-Internet boom -- IP not given!
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GPRS user plane for GSM and UMTS access

Application IP
Relay

IP SNDCP LLC
Relay

SNDCP

GTP-U

GTP-U

GSM

LLC RLC MAC GSM RF Um RLC MAC GSM RF BSSGP Network Service L1bis Gb

UDP BSSGP Network Service L1bis IP L2 L1 Gn

UDP IP L2 L1 Gi

MS
Application

BSS

SGSN

GGSN

E.g., IP, PPP Relay Relay GTP-U UDP/IP AAL5 ATM

Iu-PS

E.g., IP, PPP

UMTS
PDCP RLC MAC L1
Uu

PDCP RLC MAC L1

GTP-U UDP/IP AAL5 ATM

GTP-U UDP/IP L2 L1
Gn

GTP-U UDP/IP L2 L1
Gi

MS
Rev PA1

UTRAN
2/25/02 11

3G-SGSN

3G-GGSN

GPRS Mobility
HLR/AuC
GGSN

old MSC/VLR
GTP Tunnels redirect traffic!

old SGSN

new SGSN new SGSN new SGSN

new MSC/VLR

source SRNC source RNC

target RNC target SRNC

LA1, RA1 LA1, RA1

LA2, RA2 LA2, RA2

MS MS

MS

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12

GPRS Roaming: two alternative ways

ISP Roaming
Visited GGSN the network access Services Internet based Gives more optimal routing No static IP addresses
Gi

ISP

Home Service s
Packet Data Network (IP)

ISP

Inter-PLMN Backbone Gp Gi

PLMN Roaming
Home GGSN the network access Operator based services. Collection of charging data in home PLMN Additional screening in Home GGSN Access to all services and networks that are available in the Home network Needs Inter-PLMN GPRS Backbone Network for GTP tunnels
GGSN BG BG GGSN

Intra-PLMN Backbone

Intra-PLMN Backbone

Home Service s

SGSN

SGSN

SGSN

PLMN A

Local Service s

PLMN B

ME PLMN B

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13

PLMN Roaming: GPRS Roaming eXchange -- GRX

PLMN1 (Home)
Provides secure and QoS based (VPN) operator roaming (GTP tunneling) .gprs root DNS services BGP-4 routing (PLMN=AS) Support for peering: p2p Roaming Agreements still needed.
Roaming Agreement

GGSN
BG DNS
Roaming Agreement SLA

PLMN2 (Visited)
BG
ME PLMN 1

GRX
R
SLA

R
SLA

PLMN3
BG

DNS

DNS

Roaming Agreement

SGSN
Rev PA1 2/25/02 14

SGSN

Roaming Brokering
PLMN1 (Home)

GGSN
BG DNS
SLA

Centralized handling of roaming relations Broker acts as full HPLMN and VPLMN w.r.t. contractual relationship. Peered roaming big hurdle for new operators Claim: Enables 3G roaming to scale Claim: Brokering enables fast time-to-market Example: Comfone/Infonet => [GRX on IPoATM backbone, Roaming Agreement support services, Roaming Brokering]
Roaming Agreement

PLMN2 (Visited)
BG
ME PLMN 1

GRX
R
SLA

R
SLA

PLMN3
BG

DNS

Roaming Broker
Roaming Agreement

DNS

SGSN
Rev PA1 2/25/02

Roaming Agreement

SGSN

15

Global GRX network

Next level of peering GRX-GRX Biggest peering point AMS-IX Now 17 GRXes: Aicent, Belgacom, Cable & Wireless,

Operator A
GGSN
R

Carrier1, Comfone/Infonet, Deutsche Telekom, Ebone, Energis, France Telecom, Global Crossing, KPNQwest, Sonera/Equant, Telecom Italia, Telenor, Telia, Telecommunications Services Inc, WorldCom

Operator C
BG DNS

BG

GPRS Peering Network

GRX
R DNS

R R DNS .gprs R

SGSN
R

GRX
R DNS

Operator C
DNS
BG R

Operator C
BG DNS

GRX
DNS

SGSN

SGSN
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UMTS QoS Architecture

End-to-End approach
External IP QoS (e.g. RSVP/Diffserv)

UMTS QoS

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IP vs. UMTS QoS

P-CSCF
local SIP proxy Policy Control Function

UE IP BS Manager Adm./Cap. Control

UTRAN

CN EDGE

Gateway IP BS Manager

Ext Netw . Ext Service Control

Policy Enforcement Point Diffserv edge function RSVP sender/receiver proxy Mapping between IP and UMTS bearer QoS UMTS QoS classes
Conversational class Streaming class Interactive class Background

Transl .

Adm./Cap. Control

Adm./Cap. Control

Subsc. r Control

Adm ./Cap. . Control Transl UMTS BS Manager

UMTS BS Manager

RAB Manager Radio Iu BS BS Manager Manager UTRA ph. BS M Iu NS Manager

UMTS BS Manager

Radio BS Manager UTRA ph. BS M protocol interface

Iu BS Manager Iu NS Manager

CN BS Manager BB NS Manager

CN BS Manager BB NS Manager

service primitive interface

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IP Multimedia (IM) Domain

Support for real time multimedia services Combined support from PS and CS bearer services

IM Domain

GSM BSS

PS Domain Home Domai n CS Domain

PDN (e.g. IP Network)

Core Network

ME UMTS RNS (UTRAN)

PSTN

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IP Multimedia Subsystem
SIP based signaling Separate overlay network for MM support
Service Platform External Service Platform
Virtual presence of UE in visited network IM subsystem (UEs IP -address is here) BG Inter-Network IM Backbone BG

Serving CSCF
Home Network IM Subsystem

P-CSCF
UE SGSN Visited Network GGSN Gi PDP Context Intranets Internet

Visited Network IM Subsystem

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UMTS Virtual Home Environment

Provides portability for the Personal Service Environment Users presented with same personalized features regardless of network and terminal VHE components
User Profile Generic QoS bearer services Call control (e.g. IMS) Service Toolkits CAMEL* (IN in GSM) OSA (API for 3rd party service development)
Home Environment Virtual Home Environment

USER PROFILE (S)

USER PROFILE

HE Services Supported by Home Network

Non-HE Services

HE-SERVICE Accessible through Visited Network

Visited Network Services

Home NETWORK
Privileged access

ROAMED NETWORK
Limited Access

*CAMEL:

Customized Application for Mobile Network Enhamced Logic

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User Profile(s)
The user profile aspects
Classification (personal and service specific) Location and distribution Mgmt and access Policies Synchronization Value Added Service Provider Security and privacy General User Format Preferences and
subscribed services

Personalisation data in Network (e.g. HSS) Personalisation data in Mobile Equipment Personalisation data in USIM

USER

Contain 1:N

USER PROFILE Provided and controlled by

Home Environment

N:N Contain 1:N HE VASP SERVICE

Service Profile i.e. specific services preference

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3G Operators Export Products

What have 3G operators to offer Service Providers? 3rd party involvement of Internet based service providers seen as essential for Offered: growth
Large customer base! IP connectivity Controlled QoS (MM apps etc.) User location (geographic, network) Global Mobility and Roaming VHE Security Application based charging VPN access

Basic Services

Service & Application providers

RAN
MS

Core Network

GPRS

In return:

Internet

Reach internet content Shared risks Faster application development Reach customers via other ISPs (accesses)
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Rev PA1

How to export the 3G functionality package?

The IN way too expensive...
Compare number of SS7 developers with Java/HTML developers!

IP transport and open interfaces enables

Shared computing platforms for telecom and Internet applications

Shared (IP) infrastructure

Integration of IDCs and telecom hotels (Note! Still Carrier Class performance and availability) Globally distributed Home servers

=> Expected to give fast and cheap development for 3G applications!

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OSA - Open Service Access

discovery

Application server Application

OSA API Open Service Access

Interface class framework
User Location Call control

Service capability server(s)

HLR

CSE

WGW WPP

Servers E.g. Location server MExE server SAT server

OSA internal API

Part of the Virtual Home Environment Open, standardized API for 3rd party application developers
Developed in the Parlay group

Exports typical Mobile Network Functionality

Call control, UMTS QoS User location, Terminal capabilities Content based charging
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OSA - Open Service Access

Applications: VPN Conferencing Location based applications .

Application server Application

discovery

OSA API Open Service Access

Interface class framework
User Location Call control

Service capability server(s)

HLR

CSE

Framework mechanisms: E.g. Location server Authentication OSA internal API MExE server Discovery of service SAT server capabily features Network Service Capability Features: (Abstractions of network functionality) Call control User location Terminal capabilities Charging
Rev PA1 2/25/02 26

WGW WPP

Servers

OSA and Server distribution

OSA API

SCS

Actual servers and the SCS may be distributed Optional to run on the same physical server or in one or more separate Implications for application server placement in the network?

Gateway Non-standardised Interfaces

HLR

CSE

Physical entity

Functional entity

OSA API SCS

OSA API SCS SCS SCS .

SCS

SCS

Gateway Non-standardised Interfaces

HLR

CSE

HLR

CSE

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So does all this fit into an Internet Service Architecture?

Cable Modem
Premisesbased

Premisesbased

Access Networ ks

LAN LAN

Transit Net Core Networks Transit Net

NAP
Internet Datacenter
Private Peering

LAN

WLAN WLAN WLAN

Analog
RAS H.323 Data DSLAM

Operatorbased

Cell Cell Cell

Public Peering H.323 Data

Transit Net PSTN

Regional Voice
Rev PA1 2/25/02

Voice

Wireline Regional

28

GPRS operators -- MO needs to adapt to this

GPRS operator
S

service/content
FW

PS CN
FW

cacheing hosting

FW

data center OSA Exported?

IX

service network
e.g., modem pool or CATV

FW

backbone provider backbone provider

access operator

backbone provider
service/content cacheing hosting IX

data center

GPRS operator

service/ content

GPRS operator
FW
S

link
FW
G

The NO

FW
S

service network
G

FW

PS CN

PS CN

BGP-relation

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31

Issues
Performance implications on GTP tunneling and IMS backbone VPNs? Will application developers buy into the OSA idea? How easy will it be for current SPs to offer applications to mobile customers?
Can OSA be easily distributed?

Alternatives?
Direct Internet access from mobiles Service adaptation in overlay networks Mobile IP? Specialized Radio QoS overlay support network?

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