LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

Yogesh Bohra - 17 Darshini Gheewala - 33 Dharmesh kothari - 52

Introduction
 Modern Logistics Infrastructure covers facilities like :  large warehouses,  distribution centers,  logistics parks,  free trade warehousing zones,  cold chain (static and mobile assets),  ICD/CFS etc.

CONATAINERISATION
 History

Founder : Malcom Mclean Idea inception : in the 30 s at New Jersey, USA Company : Maersk-Sealand established in the 50 s.

Reason Behind This Idea

 Loading the truck itself rather than reloading from truck to ship  Advantage

Saves Effort Time Money (wasted in loading and unloading)

What is Containerisation ?

 Its an intermodal freight transport  It uses standard intermodal containers (ISO)  Cargo is transported from point of origin to point of destination  Idea of Containerisation is to see that most goods can be shipped by containers.

Units of Measurement
Standard Measure
 Twenty foot equivalent

Current Measure
 40 ft (2xTEU)

Units (TEU)  20-ft long  7.8 wide  7.9 high

containers  45 ft containers equal Forty-foot equivalent Units (FEU)

Types of Containers

Merits

 Faster  More reliable  Protection to fragile goods  Less packaging cost  Available in variety of sizes

Demerits

 Non availability of containers  Large capital requirement  Specialized material handling equipment  Specialized transport equipment

Top 3 Container Companies

Name Of Company
A.P. Moller-Maersk Group

Number Of Ships
639

Mediterranean Shipping Company S.A.

473

CMA CGM

392

Deep Water Ports

 What is a port ?

A port is usually an area or platform entered into from the sea, by vessels, boats, ships, which also allows for protected staging and anchoring or docking for these ships to load and unload consignments and continue up towards its destination.

Characteristics of Deep Water Port

   

Fixed or Floating man-made structure Located beyond territorial sea Used for loading and unloading Mainly for oil transport

Facilities

 Deep sheltered waters  Track record in oil and gas  On and offshore renewable support  Premier Cruise destinations  Good communication links  Skilled labour force  24 hour access

Inland Container Depot

 Common use of facility  It is equipped with fixed installation and offering services : handling temporary storage of import export and empty containers  Goods for warehousing, re-export are cleared under custom control  Transshipment of cargo

ICD s
 Located in interiors  Largely expected to deal with break-bulk cargo

CFS s
 Located near servicing ports  Helps in decongesting the port by shifting cargo and  Customs related activities outside the port area.

FUNCTIONs OF ICDs/CFSs
 Receipt and dispatch/delivery of cargo.  Stuffing and stripping of containers.  Transit operations by rail/road to and from serving ports.  Customs clearance.  Consolidation and desegregation of cargo.  Temporary storage of cargo and containers.  Reworking of containers.  Maintenance and repair of container units.

BENEFITS OF ICDs/CFSs
 Concentration points for long distance cargoes      

and its unitization. Customs clearance facility available near the centers of production and consumption Reduced level of demurrage and pilferage. Reduced overall level of empty container movement. Competitive transport cost. Reduced inventory cost. Increased trade flows.

Cold Chains

 A cold chain is a temperature-controlled supply chain.  It is an uninterrupted series of storage and distribution activities  It maintain a given temperature range.

Uses
 Extend the shelf life of products such as :

1. fresh agricultural produce 2. frozen food 3. photographic film 4. chemicals 5. pharmaceutical drugs

Good manufacturing unit

The cold chain distribution process is an extension of the good manufacturing practice (GMP).

Validation
 Cold chain needs to be evaluated and controlled.  It is managed by a quality management system.  Each time the process does not conform to the process, the event should be properly documented, investigated and corrected so that the temperature excursion do not occur on future shipments.

Mechanized Material Handling Equipment

 MMHS includes equipment, process controllers,

and equipment shelters required to handle materials in a proven, systematic, mechanized manner.  MMHS does not include systems that require research and development.  MMHS also does not include: 1. general purpose forklifts 2. floor scrubbers 3. refrigerators 4. freezers

Types
 Carousel storage systems (horizontal and vertical).  Mobile storage systems.  Cranes (bridge, trolley, jib, or gantry).  Lifts

(e.g., pallet build-up/breakdown lifts).  Ball transfer mats.  Storage Aids Systems.  Combinations of the above.

Specialized Equipments
 3 Types

1. Double Stack Container unit train 2. Logistic Park 3. Container Corporation of India

Double Stack Container Unit Trains

 A form of Intermodal freight transport  intermodal containers are stacked too high on railroad cars.  Introduced in North America in 1984

Benefits
 Using double stack technology, a freight train of a given length can carry roughly twice as many containers  sharply reducing costs per container.  reduces damage in transit  provides greater cargo security by cradling the lower containers so their doors cannot be opened

Countries using double stack conatiner

    

Australia China Netherlands Great Britain India : Mundra Port operates double stack diesel trains using flatcars. It is one of only 3 countries to commercially double stack 9 ft 6 in tall containers on a train.

Logistics Park
 A Logistics Park is a logistics concentrating of construction and development.  it also relies on related logistics services.  reduce logistics costs  improve logistics efficiency

raw material procurement, production and other activities.

Outreach areas
 including logistics center,

distribution center, transportation hub facilities, transport organization Management Center and logistics information center

Main role
 to adapt to the operational needs of urban logistics management and logistics infrastructure;  to meet the urban consumer,

nearest production, regional production required by the organization of production and business activities of enterprises

Main functions
 Three main functions :

1. the logistics organization 2. management functions 3. economic deveopment function

Container corporation of india

 Container Corporation of India Ltd. (CCI) is a Navratna Public Sector under the Indian Ministry of Railways.  Incorporated in March 1988 under the Companies Act.  Concor commenced operations in November 1989 .  It now has a network of 59 ICDs/CFSs (Container Freight Stations) throughout India.

Core work of CCI

 CCI operated three core businesses:

Cargo carrier Terminal operator Warehouse operator

Achievements And Awards

 Concor was recognised as the top Indian company in the shipping and logistics sector.  Concor has received a corporate excellence award from Amity International for the year 2007.  Concor won an award for the Web Based integrated container.

Golden Quadrilateral
 The Golden Quadrilateral is a highway network

connecting India's four largest metropolises: Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata, thus forming a quadrilateral of sorts.  The largest highway project in India, initiated by Atal Bihari Vajpayee  Length: 5,846 km (3,633 mi)  The GQ project is managed by the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) under the Ministry of Road

Economic Benifits
 better and faster transport networks between many   

major cities and ports. smoother movement of products and people within India. It enables industrial and job development in smaller towns through access to markets. It provides opportunities for farmers through better transportation of produce from the agricultural hinterland to major cities and ports for export, through lesser wastage and spoils. it drives economic growth directly through construction as well as through indirect demand for cement, steel and other construction materials.

Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation Of India

 (DFCCIL) is a Special Purpose Vehicle set up under the administrative control of Ministry of Railways.  Aim : to undertake planning & development, mobilization of financial resources and construction, maintenance and operation of the Dedicated Freight Corridors.

Incorporation
 DFCCIL was incorporated in October 2006 under Indian Companies Act 1956.  It enable Indian Railways to improve its customer orientation and meet market needs more effectively.

Case Study on INFOSYS

Re-engineering Applications for 3PLs
 Business Need : To enter the 3PL market

to develop and perform true transport sub-contracting, load optimization load building for its customers.

Challenges And Requirements

 all the major IT activities of the company.  The client's existing systems and processes were unable to support the business requirements  There were some existing data warehouses and Infosys had to enhance them and also build new ones from scratch.  The client expected huge cost savings.  business intelligence should be enhanced

Steps taken by INFOSYS

 The Infosys Team of 60 professionals  Professionals with varied experience.  This team recommended a modified system .  . The team remodeled various processes and brought them in sync with the client's vision and strategy.  They also devised an implementation plan for critical IT areas.

Result of the steps taken

 the customers of the client can directly enter orders into the system.  increase in productivity  newer and more innovative ways of conducting business  Huge cost savings were made possible  improved customer relationship

THANK YOU