Radio Resource Control TS 25.

331 (R99)

Kevin Kim kevinx64@gmail.com

Contents 1. RRC Layer Architecture 2. RRC Service States 3. RRC Functions & Signalling Procedures
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) Broadcast of System Information Paging RRC Connection Control of RB, Tr CHs & Phy CHs Control of Security Functions Measurement Control & Reporting RRC Connection Mobility Functions

1. RRC Layer Architecture

Entity
RFE

Description
Routing Function Entity - handles Routing of higher layer messages. Broadcast Control Function Entity

BCFE

- handles Broadcasting of System Information. - at least one BCFE in the RNC. - uses BCCH or FACH via Tr-SAP. Paging and Notification Control Function Entity - controls Paging of UEs in Idle Mode.

PNFE

(if RRC Connection exists, Paging by DCFE) - at least one PNFE in the RNC. - uses PCCH via Tr-SAP. Dedicated Control Function Entity - handles all functions specific to one UE.

DCFE

- uses mostly Acknowledged Mode SAP(AM-SAP). - uses Unacknowledged Mode SAP(UM-SAP) when RRC Connection Release, or Tr-SAP when Cell Update.

RRC Layer Architecture TME

Transfer Mode Entity - handles the mapping between the RRC entities and the SAPs.

2. RRC Service States

Connected Mode

CELL_DCH
Idle Mode

CELL_PCH

CELL_FACH

URA_PCH

UE Modes and RRC States

Mode(State)
- performs PLMN Selection, Cell Selection Idle Mode

Description

- receives System Information, Cell Broadcast Message. - UE is identified by NAS Identities(IMSI, TMSI, P-TMSI). - to Connected Mode when it transmits a request to establish an RRC Connection. - UE is known by its Serving RNC on a cell or active set level. - performs Measurement and sends Measurement Report.

CELL_DCH

- read System Information broadcast on FACH. - act on RRC messages received on DCCH/BCCH. - battery consumption : 200~300mA 4

2. RRC Service States

- uses RACH, FACH for transmitting both signalling messages and small amounts of user plane data. - read System Information on BCH. CELL_FACH - performs Cell Reselections, and sends a Cell Update message to the RNC. - RNC knows the UE location on a cell level. - C-RNTI(Cell Radio Network Temp Identifier) separates UEs from each other in a cell. - battery consumption : 100~150mA - read System Information on BCH. - RNC knows the UE location on a cell level only via the PCH(Paging Channel). CELL_PCH - UEs supporting Cell Broadcast Service can receive BMC message. - moves to the CELL_FACH to execute the Cell Update procedure. - battery consumption : less than 5mA (because DRX) URA_PCH - similar to the CELL_PCH, but UE does not execute Cell Update after Cell Reselection. - if URA changes after CR, UE performs URA Update(moves to CELL_FACH).

 Overlapping URA One cell can belong to one or many URAs. It is needed to avoid ping-pong effects.

Cell1
URA1 URA2 No URA Update

Cell2
URA1 URA3

No URA Update

Cell3
URA3 URA4

URA Update
(URA1 URA3)

2. RRC Service States

Before State
Idle Mode RRC connection Establishment RRC connection Release All Dedicated Channels Release CELL_DCH via explicit Signalling
(radio bearer setup, radio bearer reconfiguration, radio bearer release, transport channel reconfiguration, physical channel reconfiguration, etc)

After State
Connected Mode (CELL_FACH / CELL_DCH) Idle Mode CELL_FACH

CELL_PCH / URA_PCH

RRC connection Release Dedicated Physical Channel is established CELL_FACH via explicit Signalling
(cell update confirm, radio bearer reconfiguration, etc)

Idle Mode CELL_DCH CELL_PCH

via explicit Signalling

(URA update confirm, radio bearer reconfiguration, etc)

URA_PCH CELL_FACH CELL_FACH

CELL_PCH URA_PCH

Paging from UTRAN, Uplink Access Paging from UTRAN, Uplink Access

3. RRC Functions & Signalling Procedures

            Broadcast of System Information Paging Initial Cell Selection & Reselection in Idle mode RRC Connection Establishment, Maintenance & Release Control of Radio Bearers, Transport CHs & Physical CHs Control of Security Functions Measurement Control & Reporting RRC Connection Mobility Functions Support of SRNS relocation Downlink outer loop power control Open loop power control Cell Broadcast Service related function

3.1) Broadcast of System Information

 Broadcast of System Information  The broadcast system information originates from Network.  The System Information messages are sent on a BCCH logical channel, which can be mapped to the BCH or FACH transport channel.  One System Information message can carry either several SIBs or only part of one SIB. UE UTRAN

SYSTEM INFORMATION BCCH(TM)  System Information Structure  Master Information Block(MIB)  give references and scheduling information to SIB and Scheduling Block.  be sent regularly on the BCH and its scheduling is static.  Scheduling Block  give references and scheduling information for additional SIB.  System Information Block(SIB)  contain the actual system information.  group together system information of the same nature. 8

3.1) Broadcast of System Information

 Modification of System Information  For the SIBs with Dynamic Parameter  by SIB-specific timer(value in frames) in scheduling information.  For the SIBs with Static Parameter  when SIB value tag has changed with latest read SIB value tag.  Notification from UTRAN UE PAGING TYPE 1 PCCH (TM) Idle mode, CELL_PCH and URA_PCH state UTRAN

UE

UTRAN

SYSTEM INFORMATION CHANGE INDICATION BCCH (TM) CELL_FACH state

 If the UE does not find the system information block in a position, The UE shall consider the cell to be barred. 9

3.1) Broadcast of System Information

Type
MIB Scheduling Block #1, #2 SIB#1 SIB#2 SIB#3 SIB#4 SIB#5 SIB#6 SIB#7 SIB#8 SIB#9 SIB#10 SIB#11

Description
Supported PLMN Types, PLMN Identity, Ref to other SIB and Scheduling blocks References to other SIBs NAS System Information, CN Domain System Information, UE Timers and constants in Idle/Connected Mode URA Identity Cell Selection and Reselection Information, SIB#4 indicator Cell Selection and Reselection Information in Connected Mode Phy CHs Information, SIB#6 indicator Phy CHs Information in Connected mode Fast changing parameters UL interference and Dynamic persistence level Static CPCH Information CPCH Information Dynamic Resource Allocation Control(DRAC) System Information Measurement Control Information, SIB#12 indicator 10

3.1) Broadcast of System Information

Type
SIB#12 SIB#13 SIB#14 SIB#15 SIB#16 SIB#17 SIB#18 Measurement Control Information in Connected Mode ANSI-41 System Information Common and dedicated Phy CH uplink outer loop power control information (only TDD) Positioning Methods Information (e.g. GPS, Satellite) Information For Handover (e.g. Radio Bearer, Tr CH and Phy CH Information) Fast changing parameters for the shared Phy CHs in connected mode (only TDD) PLMN identities of neighbouring cells in Idle/Connected Mode

Description

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3.2) Paging
UE PAGING TYPE 1 PCCH (TM) UTRAN UE PAGING TYPE 2 DCCH (AM) UTRAN

 Paging (Paging Type 1)  Transmit paging information to UEs in Idle mode, CELL_PCH or URA_PCH state on the PCCH using TM RLC.  To trigger a Cell/URA Update procedure  To indicate change in the system information. Target is all UEs in a cell.  To establish a Signaling connection for MT calls.  Message Structure  Paging Record : Paging Cause, Choice UE Identity( IMSI/TMSI/P-TMSI or U-RNTI )  BCCH Modification Information  UE dedicated Paging (Paging Type 2)  For One UE in CELL_DCH or CELL_FACH state using the DCCH using AM RLC.  To establish a Signaling connection for MT calls.  Message Structure  UE Information : RRC Transaction Identifier, Paging Cause  CN Information : CN Domain Identity. Paging Record Type

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3.3) RRC Connection

 RRC Connection  A bi-directional connection between RRC peer entities on the UE and the UTRAN.  Initiated by a request from UE higher layers, or by RRC Paging Message from Network.  Only Zero or One RRC Connection between one UE and UTRAN.  Signalling Connection  An Acknowledge Mode Link between UE and CN to transfer higher layer information in NAS.  More than one Signalling Connection between UE and CN Node, they share the same RRC Connection.

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3.3) RRC Connection

 RRC Connection Establishment UE RRC CONNECTION REQUEST CCCH (TM ) RRC CONNECTION SETUP CCCH (UM) RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE DCCH (AM)  After RRC Connection Establishment, creates Signalling Radio Bearers (SRBs) designated by the RB #1~4. The SRBs can later be created, reconfigured or even deleted with the Radio Bearer Control procedures UTRAN
Establishment Cause Initial UE Identity(P-TMSI+RAI, TMSI+LAI or IMSI) Move to CELL_DCH : Dedicated CH Info Move to CELL_FACH : Common CH Info, U-RNTI

SRB
SRB #0 SRB #1 SRB #2 SRB #3 SRB #4 (Optional)

Contents
All Message sent on the CCCH ( UL : TM RLC, DL : UM RLC ) All Message sent on the DCCH and UM RLC All Message sent on the DCCH and AM RLC (except Direct Transfer Message) Direct Transfer Message sent on the DCCH and AM RLC Low Priority Direct Transfer Message sent on the DCCH and AM RLC when SRB #4 is used, SRB #3 is used for High Priority Message. 14

3.3) RRC Connection

 RRC Connection Release  To release all RBs and all SRBs between the UE and the UTRAN

UE

UTRAN RRC CONNECTION RELEASE DCCH (UM) RRC CONNECTION REL COMPLETE DCCH (AM/UM) CELL_DCH state

UE

UTRAN RRC CONNECTION RELEASE CCCH (UM)

CELL_FACH state

 RRC Connection Re-establishment  After Radio Link failure, UE re-establish a connection.  Timers are used to control the allowed time for a UE to return to in-service-area and to execute the reestablishment.  The re-establishment functionality is included in the Cell Update procedure

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3.4) Control of RB, Tr CHs & Phy CHs

 On request from higher layers, RRC performs the establishment, reconfiguration and release of RBs.  Messages are sent on the downlink DCCH using AM or UM RLC  The SRBs are normally set up during the RRC Connection Establishment procedure.  The Tr & Phy CHs parameters are included in the RB procedures, but can also be configured separately.  These procedures perform a hard handover.  RADIO BEARER SETUP  Contains Tr CHs & Phy CHs parameters, Ciphering & Integrity info, RNTI info, activation time for new RB.  RADIO BEARER RECONFIGURATION  Contains parameters related to Quality of Service(QoS), reconfiguration of Tr CHs & Phy CHs.  RADIO BEARER RELEASE  Also can include reconfiguration of Tr CHs & Phy CHs  Indicate release of Signaling connection when UE is connected to more than one CN domain  TRANSPORT CHANNEL RECONFIGURATION  Possibly include reconfiguration of Phy CHs  PHYSICAL CHANNEL RECONFIGURATION

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3.5) Control of Security Functions

 The RRC Security Mode Control procedure is used to start Ciphering and Integrity protection between the UE and UTRAN and to trigger the change of the ciphering and integrity keys during the connection. UE UTRAN SECURITY MODE COMMAND DCCH (AM) SECURITY MODE COMPLETE DCCH (AM)  Ciphering  The Ciphering key is CN domain specific, two keys(PS/CS) are used simultaneously for one UE. the newer key is used.  executed on RLC Layer for services using AM/UM RLC and MAC Layer for services using TM RLC.
KEYSTREAM BLOCK KEYSTREAM BLOCK CK f8 CK f8 COUNT-C DIRECTION LENGTH COUNT-C DIRECTION LENGTH

BEARER

BEARER

PLAINTEXT BLOCK Sender UE or RNC

CIPHERTEXT BLOCK Receiver RNC or UE

PLAINTEXT BLOCK

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3.5) Control of Security Functions

 Integrity Protection  The RRC layer inserts a 32-bit integrity checksum(Message Authentication Code for Integrity Protection; MAC-I) into most RRC PDUs.  All higher layer messages(e.g. Direct Transfer) are automatically also integrity protected.  The Integrity key is also two keys(PS/CS) are used simultaneously for one UE. the newer key is used.  The key is generated, together with the ciphering key (CK), during the authentication procedure.
COUNT-I DIRECTION FRESH COUNT-I DIRECTION FRESH

MESSAGE

MESSAGE

IK

f9

IK

f9

MAC -I Sender UE or RNC

XMAC -I Receiver RNC or UE

 Only a few RRC messages cannot be integrity protected; examples are the messages exchanged during the RRC Connection Establishment procedure.

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3.6) Measurement Control & Reporting

 Measurement Control  The measurements performed by the UE are controlled by the RNC. UE UTRAN SYSTEM INFORMATION (SIB11) BCCH (TM) Idle mode, CELL_FACH, CELL_PCH, URA_PCH state Measurement Control Information UE UTRAN MEASUREMENT CONTROL DCCH (AM) CELL_DCH state

Description A reference number of Measurement For UTRAN : modification or release of the measurement For UE : measurement report Set-up, Modify, Release 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Intra-Freq Measurement Inter-Freq Measurement Inter-System Measurement Traffic Volume Measurement (UL) Quality Measurement (Block Error Rate of DL Tr CH) Internal Measurement (UE Tx Power, Received Signal Level) Positioning Measurement 19

Measurement Identity Number

Measurement Command

Measurement Type

3.6) Measurement Control & Reporting

Measurement Control Information Measurement Objects Measurement Quantity Measurement Reporting Quantity Measurement Reporting Criteria Reporting Mode The objects the UE measures, and object information The quantity the UE measures The quantities the UE includes in the report The criteria that trigger the measurement report (Periodical, Event-Triggered) AM RLC or UM RLC Description

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3.6) Measurement Control & Reporting

 Measurement Report  Initiated by UE to transfer Measurement Results to UTRAN when the reporting criteria are met. UE UTRAN MEASUREMENT REPORT DCCH (AM/UM)
Measurement Identity Measurement Result

 Report is sent in CELL_DCH state, it is used for all measurement.  Report is sent In the CELL_FACH state, it is used only for a Traffic Volume measurement or UE positioning measurement report.

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3.7) RRC Connection Mobility Functions

 Mobility  Keeping track of a UEs location while the UE is in UTRAN Connected mode. 1. Active Set Update UE ACTIVE SET UPDATE DCCH (AM/UM) ACTIVE SET UPDATE COMPLETE DCCH (AM) UTRAN
New U-RNTI Integrity Check Info Activation Time Phy CH Informaion

 Update the active set of the connection in the CELL_DCH state.  The procedure includes functions: Radio Link Addition or Radio Link Removal. (Max number of Radio Link : 8) Active set Monitored set Detected Set The set of cells with which the UE is currently connected/communicating with. Cells that the UE has detected and is monitoring and are known to the network, they either don't meet the criteria or the active set is full. Cells that the UE has detected but are not known to the network as yet

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3.7) RRC Connection Mobility Functions

2. Hard Handover  Intra-Freq HOV without support of macro diversity, Inter-Freq HOV, Inter-System HOV  CELL_DCH state  No dedicated Signalling messages. But It is performed as part of the following RRC procedures:  Physical channel reconfiguration  Radio bearer establishment/reconfiguration/release  Transport channel reconfiguration  Timing re-initialized hard handover : UTRAN does not know the target SFN timing before Hard Handover.  If IE "Timing indication" has the value "initialise, UE initiate the procedure.  Timing maintained hard handover : UTRAN knows the target SFN timing before Hard Handover.  If IE "Timing indication" has the value maintain, UE initiate the procedure.

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3.7) RRC Connection Mobility Functions

3. Inter-System Handover from UTRAN  CELL_DCH state  The UE receives the GSM neighbour cell parameters in System Information or Measurement Control message.  Based on the measurement report including GSM measurements, RNC makes a handover decision.  Upon successfully completing the handover,  UTRAN shall release the radio connection and remove all context information for the UE.  UE shall clear or set variables upon leaving UTRA RRC connected mode. UE UTRAN MSC GSM BSS

BCCH: System information or DCCH: Measurement control

DCCH: Measurement report Resource reservation

Resource reservation acknowledge and handover command DCCH: Handover from UTRAN command (GSM Handover command)

(GSM DCCH) Handover access

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3.7) RRC Connection Mobility Functions

4. Inter-System Handover to UTRAN  The UE receives the UTRAN neighbour cell parameters in GSM System Information.  Upon successfully completing the handover, RNC initiates resource release from GSM BSS. UE GSM BSS MSC UTRAN

GSM BCCH or SACCH: System information GSM SACCH: Measurement report Resource reservation

New U-RNTI Radio Bearer configuration Tr CH configuration Phy CH configuration

(GSM DCCH): Inter-System handover command (UMTS Handover to UTRAN command) DCCH: Handover to UTRAN complete Resource reservation acknowledge and handover command

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3.7) RRC Connection Mobility Functions

5. Inter-System Cell Reselection from UTRAN  CELL_FACH, CELL_PCH, URA_PCH state  Upon successfully completing cell reselection,  UTRAN shall release all UE dedicated resources.  UE shall release all UTRAN specific resources. 6. Inter-System Cell Reselection to UTRAN  The UE initiates an RRC connection establishment procedure with cause value Inter-system cell reselection.  Upon successfully completing cell reselection, the UE shall release all resources specific to the other system.  If Cell Reselection fails, the UE returns back to the other system. If RRC Connection Establishment fails, the UE enters Idle Mode.

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3.7) RRC Connection Mobility Functions

7. Inter-System Cell Change Order from UTRAN  CELL_DCH, CELL_FACH state.  This procedure may be used  when no RABs are established  when the established RABs are only from PS domain.  This procedure may not be used when there is no PS signalling connection.

UE

UTRAN
RB Information Target Cell Description

CELL CHANGE ORDER FROM UTRAN DCCH (AM)

8. Inter-System Cell Change Order to UTRAN  This procedure is used by the other system to command UE to move to UTRAN cell.  The cell change order message include the identity of the target UTRAN cell.  On the UTRAN side, the UE initiates an RRC connection establishment procedure with establishment cause set to Inter-RAT cell change order.

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3.7) RRC Connection Mobility Functions

9. Cell Update & URA Update  Main Purpose  To notify UTRAN after re-entering service area in the URA_PCH or CELL_PCH state.  To notify UTRAN of an RLC unrecoverable error on an AM RLC entity.  To be used as a supervision mechanism in the CELL_FACH, CELL_PCH, or URA_PCH state by means of periodical update.

 Cell Update  Triggered by Cell Reselection, Expiry of periodic cell update time, initiation of UL data transmission, UTRANoriginated paging, radio link failure in CELL_DCH state.

UE CELL UPDATE CCCH (TM)

UTRAN
U-RNTI Cell Update Cause

UTRAN Mobility Information Confirm Phy CH Reconfiguration Complete Tra CH Reconfiguration Complete RB Release Complete RB Reconfiguration Complete

CELL UPDATE CONFIRM CCCH/DCCH (UM) Messages DCCH(AM)

New U-RNTI and C-RNTI RRC State Indicator

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3.7) RRC Connection Mobility Functions

 URA Update  This procedure is used in the URA_PCH state.  Triggered by Cell Reselection(Only if URA Changed), Expiry of periodic URA update time.

UE URA UPDATE CCCH (TM) URA UPDATE CONFIRM CCCH/DCCH (UM)

UTRAN
U-RNTI URA Update Cause

New U-RNTI and C-RNTI RRC State Indicator

UTRAN MOBILITY INFO CONFIRM DCCH(AM)

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Thanks
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