PELINDUNG ORANG-ORANG YANG BERIMAN.

DIA MENGELUARKAN MEREKA DARI KEGELAPAN MENUJU

CAHAYA.
(QS 2:257)

BASIC COMPETENCY
INVESTIGATING THE PROPERTIES OF LIGHT AND ITS RELATION WITH VARIOUS KINDS OF MIRRORS AND LENS

What is light?
Everything that is pop out from a source but not a substance is called RADIATION Light, infrared, ultraviolet , all three are radiation Light can be seen, while infrared and ultraviolet cant Thats why, light is the name that given for radiation that can be seen by human eyes

THE PROPERTIES OF LIGHT

1. The velocity is 3 X 108 m/s 2. Transverse waves 3. Electromagnetic waves 4. Has energy 5. Linear propagation 6. reflected 7. refracted 8. disperse

Propagation of light

LIGHT DISPERSE

1. The distance between earth sun is 150 million km for light to travel. Its means light need 500 seconds to reach earth 2. Light of the sun needs 360 seconds to reach Venus, what is the distance of sun Venus? 3. The distance of Mars sun is 1.52 times the distance of earth sun. If the distance of sun earth is 150 million km, how long does light takes to propagate from sun to Mars?

Shadow and Image

Shadow (bayang-bayang) is the dark area behind things Image (bayangan) is collection of reflective rays and refractive rays.

Two kinds of shadow (Bayang-bayang):

Bayang-bayang inti (Umbra) is the dark area that doesnt receive light at all Bayang -bayang tambahan (Penumbra) is the dark area which still have little light from light source

Two kinds of image (bayangan):

Real image image which caught by screen or image which formed from the cut of reflected/refracted ray Virtual image image which cannot caught by screen or image which formed from extension cut of reflected/refracted ray

Cahaya berupa titik

Cahaya berupa benda

LIGHT REFLECTION
1. DIFFUSE REFLECTION

2. SPECULAR REFLECTION

SPECULAR DIRECTION
happens if the stream of light falls on the body that its surface is smooth and shiny, so the direction of the light stream goes to certain direction

DIFFUSE REFLECTION
Happens if the stream of light falls on the body which its surface is rough, so the stream of parallel rays which fall on the body will be reflected to every direction

REFLECTION OF LIGHT

LAW OF LIGHT REFLECTION

Incident angle is equal to reflected angle (i=r) Incident ray, normal line, reflected ray lie on one flat line

Law of light reflection

Incident ray normal line reflected ray

x x Incident angle reflected angle

Reflection on FLAT MIRROR The properties of flat mirror

Virtual image Upright Same size with the body Facing perverted Distance of the body to the mirror equal to distance the image to the mirror

Formation of image on flat mirror

Distance of the body

Distance of the image

The composition of two flat mirror

The composition of two flat mirror will produce more than one image, its depend on the angle of those two flat mirror. What is the relation between the amount of image and the angle ?

The magnitude of angle =

o 90

900

How many image that form ?

360

The amount of image that produce in flat mirror which organized angle determine by: n = 360 - 1

Reflection on CONCAVE MIRROR

The properties of concave mirror: 1.Call as convergent mirror 2.Collect light or rays which reflect 3.Use in various device: reflector in searchlight of car or flash light

THREE PARTICULAR RAYS

Main axis P F O

THREE PARTICULAR RAYS

Main axis P F O

IMAGE FORMATION in CONCAVE MIRROR Three particular rays in concave mirror 1. Incident ray which is paralles to main axis of the mirror will be reflected passing trough the focus point (F) 2. The incident ray passing trough the focus point will be reflected parallel to main axis 3. The incident ray passing trough the center point of curvature of mirror P will be reflected back trough that center point of curvature

LIGHT REFLECTION IN CONCAVE MIRROR

Main axis P F O

The image form minimized, inversed and real

Main axis P F O

Image form enlarged, inversed and real

Main axis P F O

Image form enlarged, upright and virtual

Main axis P F O

No image

Main axis P F O

The image has the same size, inversed and real

THE FORMATION OF AN IMAGE OF A CONVEX MIRROR

The characteristics of the image are: Virtual Diminished Upright

FORMULAS USED IN SPHERICAL MIRROR

The two formulas related to mirrors 1 1 1 1 1 2  ! atau  ! both concave and s o si R convex are shown: so si f So = the distance hi si from object to m! ! mirror ho so Si = the distance from image to mirror

 f = focal length R = radius of curvature h0 = the height of the object hi = the height of the image

REFLECTION LIGHT IN CONVEX MIRROR

THREE PARTICULAR RAYS 1. Incident ray parallel to main axis and reflected as seemed comes from focal point (F) 2. Incident ray to focal point(F) reflected parallel to main axis 3. Incident ray to center of curvature P, reflected back as seemed comes from center of curvature (P)

THREE PARTICULAR RAYS

MAIN AXIS F O F

THREE PARTICULAR RAYS

MAIN AXIS F O F

REFLECTION OF LIGHT IN CONVEX MIRROR

MAIN AXIS F O F

MAIN AXIS F O F

EXERCISE: 1. THE IMAGE AT 24 CM IN FRONT OF A CONCAVE MIRROR IF THE FOCAL LENGTH IS 6 CM, CALCULATE A. THE DISTANCE OF AN OBJECT B. THE MAGNIFICATION OF AN IMAGE C. MAKE THE PICTURE FORMED OF IMAGE D. THE CHARACTERISTIC OF AN IMAGE

EXERCISE: 1. A NAIL STAND UP IN FRONT OF CONCAVE MIRROR WITH THE DISTANCE 6 CM, AND THE FOCAL LENGTH IS 4 CM , CALCULATE A. THE DISTANCE OF AN IMAGE B. THE MAGNIFICATION OF AN IMAGE C. MAKE THE PICTURE FORMED OF IMAGE D. THE CHARACTERISTIC OF AN IMAGE 2. TWO PLANE MIRROR FORM AN ANGLE OF 30O TO EACH OTHER. DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF THE IMAGE ? 3. AN OBJECT AT 18 CM IN FRONT OF CONCAVE MIRROR WHICH RADIUS 12 CM. IF THE HEIGHT OF AN OBJECT IS 3 CM. CALCULATE: A. THE DISTANCE OF IMAGE D. MAKE THE PICTURE B. THE HEIGHT OF IMAGE E. THE CHARACTERISTI C. MAGNIFICATION

EXERCISE: 1. AN OBJEVT AT 180 CM IN FRONT OF CON, CALCULATE A. THE DISTANCE OF AN OBJECT B. THE MAGNIFICATION OF AN IMAGE C. MAKE THE PICTURE FORMED OF IMAGE D. THE CHARACTERISTIC OF AN IMAGE

3. A CONCAVE MIRROR HAS FOCAL LENGTH IS 12 CM to formed the real of image is enlarge ( the magnification ) is 4 x Calculate ; A. The distance of object b. the distance of image c . Make the picture formed of image d. Mention the characteristic 4. An object place in front of convec mirror with the focal length is 12 cm, the result of image has the distance 8 cm from mirror. calculate : a. The distance of object b. the magnification of image c. make the picture formed of image d. Mention the characteristic of image