Militant struggles must be carried on not for land, crops, etc. but for the seizure of state power.

- Charu Mazumdar

By: Hiral S. Mehta

y Naxalism is a set of revolutionary thoughts and strategies

developed by leaders under the influence of marxism originally to resolve the problems of exploited peasants.
y It is a brandname for communist ideology of Marxist

Leninist variety.
y It is a political movement having its goal as the seizure of

political power.

y Naxalbari in Darjeeling

y CPI (M-L) in 1967 y Dissatisfaction of the peasants and landless labourers

in West Bengal

y Frustrated youth y Share croppers evicted y People are losing hope in government y Naxalism is a political ideology, not a socio-economic y y y y y y

movement Distribution of natural resource productive benefits Slow implementation of land reforms Social structure Poverty Poor governance Collecting of funds

CPI (M-L)
y The Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) was formed by the All

India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries at a congress in Calcutta in 1969. The foundation of the party was declared by Kanu Sanyal at a mass-meeting in Calcutta on the 22nd of April (Lenin's birthday). y CPI(ML) advocated armed revolution and denounced participation in the electoral process. The party leaders were Charu Majumdar and Soroj Dutta , both of whom had belonged to the left-wing within Communist Party of India (Marxist) in northern West Bengal. Majumdar and his followers had mobilized a revolutionary peasants movement in Naxalbari, which evolved into an armed uprising of the mostly Santhal tribal inhabitants. CPI(ML) saw Naxalbari as the spark that would start a new Indian revolution, and the movement came to be known as 'naxalites'. In several parts of India, for example Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, different parts of West Bengal and in Srikakulam in northern Andhra Pradesh CPI(ML) organized guerilla units. The party got moral support from China, which actively encouraged the attempts of CPI(ML) to launch revolution

y Complete rejection of the ethics of Parliamentary

democracy y Emphasis on uncompromising class war y That political power can be won only through violence political power flows through the barrel of the gun and y Harass, weaken and vanquish the enemy (here the established authority), thereby create liberated areas as an inspiring prelude to the people s war of liberation.

y Setting up liberated zones y Building up peoples army from the

core of guerillas y Encircling the cities from countryside y Kill one and frighten thousands the theory of annihilation of class enemies.

CPI (M)
The Communist Party of India (Maoist) is a Maoist political party in India which aims to overthrow the government of India. It was founded on September 21, 2004, through the merger of the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) People's War and the Maoist Communist Centre of India (MCC). The merger was announced to the public on October 14 the same year. In the merger a provisional central committee was constituted, with PW leader Ganapathi as General Secretary. The CPI (Maoist) are often referred to as Naxalites in reference to the violent Naxalbari insurrection conducted by radical Maoists in West Bengal in 1967. In 2006 Prime Minister Manmohan Singh referred to the Naxalites as "the single biggest internal security challenge ever faced by our country."[The Indian government, led by the United Progressive Alliance, banned the CPI (Maoist) under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA) as a terrorist organisation on 22 June 2009. As of October 2009, this group is believed to be present in 20 out of 28 states in India.

y ANDHRA PRADESH

y BIHAR

y JHARKHAND

y Terrorism is a term used to describe violence or other harmful acts

committed (or threatened) against civilians by groups or persons for political, nationalist, or religious goals. As a type of unconventional warfare, terrorism means to weaken or supplant existing political landscapes through capitulation, acquiescence, or radicalization, as opposed to subversion or direct military action.
y "Terrorist attacks" usually are characterized as "indiscriminate", the

"targeting of civilians", or as executed "with disregard for human life". The term "terrorism" often is used to assert that the enemy's political violence is immoral, wanton, and unjustified. Per the most common definition of terrorism typically used by states, academics, counterterrorism experts, and civil, non-governmental organizations, "terrorists" are actors who do not belong to any recognized armed forces or who don't abide the laws of war, and who, therefore, are regarded as "rogue actors .

y Terrorism is global; whereas naxalism is regional y Terrorism is an external threat to our national

integrity, security and sovereignty; whereas naxalism is an internal one. y Motives for terrorism are different while naxalism is a peasant uprising. y Though naxalism is traced to economic and social causes, it has been reduced to an activity much like terrorism aimed at spreading fear and terror.

y Police need tactical intelligence y Remove the basic socio-economic causes y Police must be friendly y Training of SPOs y Strategy to thwart Naxal menace y Peace talks with Naxalite leaders y Tribal areas to be denotified as disturbed areas y Conference of all CMs of Naxal affected states y CMs meeting with PM Naxalite antidote y Cure in Orissa

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