DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING

PRESENTED BY

K.ABHISHEK

IMAGE PROCESSING
Enhancing Image. Extracting information & Features. Manipulation & Alteration of

images.

DIGITAL IMAGE
Two dimensional representation of values. These are called PIXELS. PIXELS. Pixels are stored in computer memory.

DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING

The processing done by using Computer

software.
Avoids build-up of noise and signal distortion. build-

Reasons For Introducing Digital Image Processing

For better improved image Use in space technologies like NASA Crime Departments like FBI Better editing features

How can we process an Image?

Transfer image to a computer Digitize the image

* Digitization translating image into numerical code understood by computer. Processing can be done through software programs in a Digital Dark-room Digital Dark-room Image is broken down into thousands of pixels

Types of Images
Binary Image:
Takes two possible values ( 0 or 1) for a pixel Bi-level or Two-level BiTwo-

Gray Scale Image:

Pixel takes a single sample from range of values * Voxel - data associated to points scattered over a 3-dimensional region (produced by Tomographic 3equipment)

Color Image:
Color information is included for each pixel. 3 samples should be provided for each pixel. RGB is commonly used color space. (YUV, HSV are used in some other context)

Original

Black & White

Gray Scale

False Color
These are derived from the grey scale images. Also called as Pseudo Color Images Doesn't increases the information contents but improves the details. Mainly used in fields of satellite images

False color

True Color

Categories Of Image Processing

Image compression Enhancement Measurement Extraction

Digital Image Editing

Process of altering digital images. images.

Basics of Digital Image Editing

Pixels contain images color and brightness information. Image editors can change the values of pixels to enhance the image. Various basic Image editing programs are readily available with the device itself.

Image Editor Features

Image size alteration
Image editors can resize an image by altering the resolution. Re-sampling is done to calculate new resolution. Re-

Cropping an Image
Cropping means creating a new image by selecting a desired rectangular portion.

Noise Removal
Image editors have algorithms to add and remove noise like dust and scratches & image can be despeckled.

Removal of Unwanted Elements

Can be done by Clone tool

Original

Removal of unwanted branch at the top of the image

Selective Color Change

Ability to selectively change the color.

An example of selective color change, the original is on the right

Merging of Images
One or more images can be merged into a single picture.

John and Bertha Phillips - 1910

Special Effects
Used to create unusual images Images can be skewed & distorted in various ways like artistic effects, geometric & texture effects etc.

Change Color Depth

Common color depths are 2, 16, 256 & 16 million colors. Gray scale images can be created from full color images through conversion & down sampling.

An example of converting an image from color to grayscale

Lens Correction Various lens distortions like pincushion, fish eye & barrel distortions can be corrected. Contrast Change & Brightening Change the contrast of images & brighten or darken the images. Pixels below particular luminosity can be brightened. Sharpening & Softening Images Images can be sharpen or blurred like edge enhancement

Color Adjustments
Color balance can be improved

ADVANTAGES
Post processing Electronic transmission Chemical free Reduction of radiation exposure

DISADVANTAGES
Expensive Sometimes vague

CONCLUSION
Image editors provide the means of altering and improving images in endless number of ways.

Thank U...

QUERIES