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Chapter 1
Class Agenda
Five basic parts of an organization Organization Theory Biological Metaphor The system perspective Life cycle perspective
What is an Organization
An organization is a consciously coordinated social entity with a relatively identifiable boundary, that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common goal or set of goals Consciously coordinated imply management Social entity means that the unit is composed of people or groups of people who interact with each other Organization has a relatively identifiable boundary People in organizations have some continuing bond ( does not mean life long membership) Finally organization exist to achieve something (goals)
ii. iii.
Types of Systems
Closed system - Has rigid , impenetrable boundaries and close it self to the external environment - views systems a self contained and ignores the impact of environment on the system Open system - Imports energy from the environment, process it and provides its output to the environment.
System Theory
Inputs
Outputs
Feedback
Organizational Subsystems
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Perform five essential functions: Boundary spanning: Handle input output transaction Production system Produces product and service outputs Maintenance Smooth operations and upkeep of the organization Adaptation scans the environment for problems, opportunities, and technological development Management Directing and coordinating other subsystems. Provides direction, strategy, goals and policies for the entire organization
Strategy Organization Size Technology Environment Power and control Organization Structure Organization Design Design Options Bureaucracy Adhocracy
Applications Managing the environment Managing organization Change Managing organization conflict Managing organization Culture Managing organizational evolution
Organizational effectiveness