CHAPTER 9

CAPITAL BUSINESS
AND
ENVIRONMENTAL
ETHICS

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 Group Members:

 Muhammad Saad Khawaja

 Nazish Khalid
 Shiza Noor
 Ahmed Shamsuddoha
 Jibran Jogezai

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 What is Environmentalism?

 Environmentalism is the greatest obstacle for the

capitalist world order.
 There are two ways of looking at
environmentalism, firstly it could refer to
protecting the environment or it could refer to a
collection of different ‘Environmentalisms’.

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 Enlightenment attitude to nature
 Enlightenment thinkers regard nature as essential
for material and inner improvement.
 The knowledge of nature is suppose to awaken a
higher level of consciousness similar to the
inspiration that one gets from religion.
 Nature signifies a horizon of knowledge and
different comprehension of reality.

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 The higher level of consciousness is suppose to motivate
human behavior and judgment.
 This can be contrasted to post modernist views where day to
day living is more important and a need is not felt to attain a
higher level of consciousness.

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 Capitalist attitude to nature
 The purposes of accumulation, utility maximization and
greatest happiness of the greatest numbers requires excessive
usage of our natural resources.
 Capitalist order to full fill its purpose of accumulation must
dominate nature as mans needs are limited but his wants are
unlimited.
 As a result the greater part of natural resources are
harnessed and stored.

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Capitalist property and free resources
 John Locke in his ‘Second Treatise on Civil
Government’ distinguished between the civil society
and the ‘state of nature’.

 He said that all the resources on earth belonged to man

and he could do what ever he wished with them.

 Locke considered the ‘state of nature’ an abundance of

almost worthless provisions only made into usable
resources by human invention and labor.

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  He stated that when man takes something out of the
state of nature and attaches his label to it, it then
becomes his property.
 His argument for this was that land with out labor
was worthless.
 Therefore according to Locke, ‘property’ and its
ownership is justified on the grounds of
accumulation

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 Sustainability
 The worlds production needs are well beyond the
needs of the worlds population.

 Sustainable development is the concept of using

resources in an ecologically sound manner, so that
the need of future generations can be met.

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  Sustainable development issues are very
relevant to nations with high CO2 emissions and
levels of deforestation.

 They are just as relevant for developing nations

like Pakistan, who are far behind on sustainable
development indicators.

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 Public Relations and Environment
Concerns
 For a person living in a civil society, environmental issues
are a serious concern.

 When such a person shows concern about environmental

issues, he's highlighting the destructive consumption of
natural resources.

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  Corporations are regularly counseled to adopt
environment friendly practices. If they do not, they
are generally frowned upon.

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 Corporate Environmental
Responsibility

 Depends on the views shared by the firm and it’s

customers.
 Multinationals, which are part of the capitalist order
should favor sustainability approaches.
 This of course requires a civil society.

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 Islamic View
 The essence of Islamic proprietorship is to make the
minimum necessary use of available resources and
not to exploit the environment.
 The priority is to live in a way in this world which
enables us to attain the hereafter.
 Therefore sustainability is not an end in itself but
merely a means for success in the hereafter.

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 Examples
 Kyoto Protocol
 Honda
 Pso

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 PSO
 Environmental Sensitivity Analysis
 Soil & Ground Water Protection
 Waste Management
 Green Offices
 Minimize accidents
 Health, Safety & Environment Steering
Committee

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 PSO
 Accepts Corporate Responsibility
PSO promotes Health, Safety and Environment culture both
internally and externally. PSO emphasizes on Community
Development and aspires to make society a better place to live in
 PSO Light and Visual Park

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 PSO
 Makes environmentally friendly products like
Green XL Plus diesel and Premier XL motor
gasoline, as well as a major market share in
CNG, which further reflects our commitment
to the cause.

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 Number of incidents

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 Number of incidents

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 KYOTO PROTOCOL

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 HONDA

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 HONDA
 Honda Fit (Fuel Efficient)
 Fuel Cells
 Honda CR-V

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 HONDA

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