Chapter 1 Adler

Outline
Importance Process Using

of communication

of communication

communicating networks the optimal communication

Choosing

channel

A: IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION

Specialized knowledge alone isnt enough to guarantee success Ability to communicate = More successful graduate: career advancement & salary Avg. busn. exec. spends 75-80% time communicating Often makes difference between being hired or rejected

B: PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION

Sender transmits a message Message any signal that triggers response. Deliberate vs. unintentional Encoding verbal and/or non-verbal method of communicating Channel method used to deliver message Receiver any person who notices or attaches meaning to message. Decoding attaching meaning to words and symbols Feedback verbal, non-verbal, none Noise physical, physiological, psychological Context physical, social, chronological, cultural

The Process of Communication

Figure 1-1: Communication Model

C: USING COMMUNICATING NETWORKS

Formal

communicating network Informal communicating network

Formal Communication Networks

Formal
Types
Downward Upward Horizontal Table 1-2, page 13: important

communication networks

Informal Communic. Networks

Informal communication networks

Functions:

confirming expanding expediting contradicting circumventing supplementing

Cultivating informal networks: Seek exposure to people at all levels Treat everyone in the organization with respect Ask questions Dont flaunt informal shortcuts

D: COMMUNICATION CHANNELS
Oral

communication communication

Written

Optimal channel to use

ORAL COMMUNIC. CHANNELS (4)

1.

Face-to-face
Advantages Speed control instantaneous feedback personal quality Disadvantages Difficulty arranging if greater distances time-consuming can be expensive can be unproductive

2.

Teleconferencing
desktop, document, computer
Doesnt work well if brainstorming,

negotiating, persuading Helps eliminate unnecessary travel Improves long distance communication

3.

Telephone
Helps reach person impossible to reach in

person Get through to busy people who are nearby Drawbacks:

Lacks visual feedback Harder to hold audiences attention Catching receiver on first call Reach caller at bad time

4.

Voice mail
Leave a message anytime day/night Saves wasting time on pleasantries Without having other person talk back

WRITTEN COMMUNIC. CHANNELS

Advantages:
Permanent; can be easier to understand; can be

composed in advance; less prone to errors

Types:
Fax
Transmitted electronically over telephone lines; speedy; ideal complement to phone conversation

Email
Informal; spontaneous; easy to use; fast

Which Channel to Use

(page 28, table 1-4)

Use

Oral communication when

Message requires personal dimension Strong need for visual support Need immediate feedback

Use

written communication when

Need to create relatively formal tone Must choose words carefully Conveying complicated ideas Your message is final word, requires no feedback You want a record