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Information System
Interrelated components working together to collect,process,store and Disseminate information to support decision making,coordination,control, Analysis and visualization in an organization.
An information system differs from other kinds of systems in that its objective is to monitor/document the operations of some other system, which we can call a target system. An information system cannot exist without such a target system .Example? Every reactive system will have a subsystem that can be considered an information system .
Information System
Business Solution
Components of an IS
Data - Input that the system takes to produce information . Hardware - Computer itself and its peripheral equipment: input, output, storage devices; includes data communication equipment Software - Sets of instructions that tell the computer how to input, process, output and store data . Communication networks - Hardware and software specializing in transmission and reception of electronic data People - IS professionals and users who design, construct, operate and maintain IS Procedures - Rules to process data, e.g. priorities in running different applications, security measures, routines for malfunctioning IS, etc.
People Resources
Hardware Resources
o Machines o Media
Software Resources
o Program Operating Systems (OS) Examples: Windows, Unix, etc. Application Software Examples: Excel, Access, MS-Word, etc.
Procedures: Operating instructions for the people who will use an information system. Examples: Instructions for filling out a paper form or using a software package.
Data Resources:
Data vs. Information
Network Resources:
o Communications media
o Communications processors o Network access & control software
Globalization:
Management and control in global market place. Competition in world market. Global work group. Global delivery system. Transformation of industrial economies. Knowledge and information based economies. Productivity. Time based competition. Shorter product life. Environment turbulent.
Transformation of the Enterprise. Flattening. Decentralization Flexibility Location Independence. Collaborative and teamwork.
business.
The Network Revolution and the Internet Internet as a whole has existed since 1969 . New Options for Organizational Design: The Networked Enterprise .
Think of Daimler from Germany and Chrysler in Michigan.
Virtual organizations.
XYZ and ABC companies can team up, work on a project, and then go their separate ways.
Enterprise Resource Planning . Electronic markets E.g.: Amazon. COM, the largest retailer on the
Internet selling books and CDs .
An information system differs from other kinds of systems in that its objective is to monitor/document the operations of some other system, which we can call a target system. An information system cannot exist without such a target system .Example? Every reactive system will have a subsystem that can be considered an information system .
Information System
Business Solution
Components of an IS
Data - Input that the system takes to produce information . Hardware - Computer itself and its peripheral equipment: input, output, storage devices; includes data communication equipment Software - Sets of instructions that tell the computer how to input, process, output and store data . Communication networks - Hardware and software specializing in transmission and reception of electronic data People - IS professionals and users who design, construct, operate and maintain IS Procedures - Rules to process data, e.g. priorities in running different applications, security measures, routines for malfunctioning IS, etc.
People Resources
Hardware Resources
o Machines o Media
Software Resources
o Program Operating Systems (OS) Examples: Windows, Unix, etc. Application Software Examples: Excel, Access, MS-Word, etc.
Procedures: Operating instructions for the people who will use an information system. Examples: Instructions for filling out a paper form or using a software package.
Data Resources:
Data vs. Information
Network Resources:
o Communications media
o Communications processors o Network access & control software
Globalization:
Management and control in global market place. Competition in world market. Global work group. Global delivery system. Transformation of industrial economies. Knowledge and information based economies. Productivity. Time based competition. Shorter product life. Environment turbulent.
Transformation of the Enterprise. Flattening. Decentralization Flexibility Location Independence. Collaborative and teamwork.
business.
The Network Revolution and the Internet Internet as a whole has existed since 1969 . New Options for Organizational Design: The Networked Enterprise . Think of Daimler from Germany and Chrysler in Michigan.
Virtual organizations.
XYZ and ABC companies can team up, work on a project, and then go their separate ways.
Enterprise Resource Planning . Electronic markets E.g.: Amazon. COM, the largest retailer on
the Internet selling books and CDs .
Systems Development and Organizational Change Four Kinds of Structural Change: Automation: Mechanizing procedures to speed up the performance of existing tasks .eg calculating paychecks, instant access to customer deposits. airline reservation.
Systems Development and Organizational Change ) Four Kinds of Structural Change: (Continued) Business process reengineering: Analysis and redesign of business processes to reorganize workflows and reduce waste and repetitive tasks Paradigm shift: Radical reconceptualization of the nature of the business and the nature of the organization
Systems Development and Organizational Change ) Four Kinds of Structural Change: (Continued) Business process reengineering: Analysis and redesign of business processes to reorganize workflows and reduce waste and repetitive tasks Paradigm shift: Radical reconceptualization of the nature of the business and the nature of the organization
Figure 14-3
Business Process Reengineering Leading mortgage banks reduced time to obtain a mortgage from 6-8 weeks to one week, by radically changing the workflow and document management procedures
Workflow management: The process of streamlining business procedures so that documents can be moved easily and efficiently from one location to another
Figure 14-4
Process Improvement: Business Process Management, Total Quality Management, and Six Sigma
Business Process Management (BPM): Methodology and tools for revising the organizations business processes enabling continual improvements
Change management
Process Improvement: Total Quality Management and Six Sigma Total Quality Management (TQM): Edward Deming & joseph juran A concept that makes quality control a
Total Quality Management and Six Sigma Six Sigma: A specific measure of quality, representing 3.4 defects per million opportunities Designates a set of methodologies and techniques for improving quality and reducing costs
Uses statistical analysis to detect process flaws and make minor adjustments
Benchmarking:
Setting strict standards for products, services, or activities and measuring organizational
Benchmarking: Reduce Cycle Time. Errors caught earlier in production. Improve quality and precision of the design: CAD/ Cam,sofware. Increase the precision of production.
Change management
Process Improvement: Total Quality Management and Six Sigma Total Quality Management (TQM): Edward Deming & joseph juran A concept that makes quality control a
Total Quality Management and Six Sigma Six Sigma: A specific measure of quality, representing 3.4 defects per million opportunities Designates a set of methodologies and techniques for improving quality and reducing costs
Uses statistical analysis to detect process flaws and make minor adjustments
Benchmarking:
Setting strict standards for products, services, or activities and measuring organizational