BOILER

DEFINATION

A Boiler is a closed vessel in which heat produced by the combination of fuel is transferred to water for its conversion into steam at desired temperature and pressure.

Use.
The steam produced by the boiler my be supplied to steam engines or turbines for power generation,indusrial process work,heating installations and hot water supply etc.

CLASSIFICATIONS
OF BOILERS

FULTON SOURCE OF HEAT. ELECTRIC STEAM BOILER WATER TUBE AND FIRE TUBE. NATURAL CIRCULATIONS AND FORCED CIRCULATION. HORIZONTAL,VERTICAL OR INCLINED. SINGLE TUBE OR MULTI-TUBE. STATIONARY OR MOBILE. EXTERNALLY FIRED AND INTERNALLY FIRED.

Boiler as a mechatronics system

Boiler is mechatronics system as it mechatronically controls Heat level water level Pressure level

Mechatronics System
A system is said to be mechatronics system if it ; Contain built in inteligence. Control system. Can perform required action without human interference.

ELEMENTS OF MECHTRONICS SYSTEM

SENSOR SIGNAL CONDITIONER A/D CONVERTER MICRO CONTROLER D/A CONVERTER CORRECTION UNIT

SENSORS IN BOILER
Heat sensors Water level sensors Pressure sensors Wetness sensors

Heat sensor
A heat sensor sense the heat and send error signal to the microcontroller which take the desired action

Water level sensor

Water level sensor is a sensor which continously measures the amount of water in a boiler

Pressure sensors
Pressure sensors are measures the pressure in steam line and in boiler

Control unit
Signal conditioner a/d converter Micro controllers d/a converter

Signal conditioner
Signal conditioner manipulates the error signal from the sensor in the condition which is suitable for micro controller usually In boiler control system a signal conditioner is differential amplifier

A/D & D/A CONVERTERS

They perform analog to digital & digital to analog conversions In order to make the error signal suitable for micro processors and correction element

Micro controllers
It decides what action is to be taken in order to achieve the desired conditions.

Correction unit
It produces a change in the process to correct or change the controlled conditions. The actuators is an other name of correction unit it provides the power to control action.

Actuators in boiler
Water relays Thermostats Pressure relays

MORE TYPES
Simple vertical boiler Fraser culman boiler Co-chran boiler Lancashire boiler Superheater La-Mont boiler

FULTON ELECTRIC STEAM BOILER.

WORKING

STARTING OF BOILER.
Open the steam valve. Open all the valves in the water feed line. Open water gauge valves.

STARTING OF BOILER.
Switch on both main power switches. Switch on the boiler control circuit using the switch on the top of control pannel box.

INSTRUCTIONS

Carry out the following operations

Each morning start the boiler and generate not more than 5 p.s.i.g. steam, then switch off the boiler. Open the boiler blow off valve for approximately 5 seconds then closed the valve. Open the water guage blow off valve for 5 seconds.

MAINTENENCE
Weekly. Three Monthly Semi Annually

Water tube and fire tube

There are two ways in which water can be heated for being converted into steam.