Submitted byApoorva sharma intern

The part of a fixed partial denture which unites the abutment to the remainder of the restoration.

Retainers with pontics

Abutment

Bridge

 Should

cause least amount of destruction to the abutment least destroys the outline form of the tooth Marginal line should be Finished with great accuracy

 Rigidity

withstand the requisite

load Functional adaptation and protect the tooth against its fracture Least destroys the cervical marginal ridge Positioned margins at less susceptible to caries or recurrence of caries

Preparation

should be made without trauma to the pulp or surrounding tissue Accurate complement to the lost tooth structure Cleansable esthetic

1. based on the tooth coverage full veneer crown partial veneer crown conservative retainers telescopic retainers 2. Based on material being used all metal retainers metal ceramic retainers all ceramic retainers all acrylic retainers

 These

retainers cover all the five surfaces of the abutment Most retentive Ideal retainers Design can resist masticatory forces in all direction

Disadvantages-

Extensive

tooth preparation Gingival decay is prevalent Reduced strength

 Preferred

over full veneer crown Require less tooth reduction Guides for coronal contours Embrasure forms are pre-established

 ADVANTAGES

- conservative tooth preparation - improved periodontal health as limited contact between margin of restoration and gingiva - marginal fit can be easily veryfied - unveneered portion of tooth can be used for electric pulp testing DISADVANTAGES - lacks retention - some display of metal

1 Posterior three quarter crowns

1.Proximal boxes
2.Seven eight crowns 3.Reverse three quarter crown 4.Proximal half crown

2 anterior three quarter crown 3 pin modified three quarter crown

 Require

minimal tooth reduction Acid etching These dentures do not accept heavy loads Indicated for anterior teeth Have a small metallic extension which are designed to be luted directly onto the lingual surface of the abutment tooth using resin cement

Missing anterior teeth

Retainer with wings

Wings bonded to the lingual surface of the abutment teeth

 Advantages-

- non invasive to dentine - conservative preparation - reduced cost and chair side time - decreased tissue irritation supragingival margins Disadvantages- plaque accumulation - bulky contours may be intolerable to some patients - not ideal for replacing more than one tooth

Rochette

bridge Maryland bridge Castmesh fixed partial denture Virginia bridge.

ROCHETTE BRIDGE - Wing like retainer - Funnel shaped perforations MARYLAND BRIDGES - Mechanical retention - microporosities present on the tissue surface of the retainer created by etching CASTMESH FPD - nylon mesh is placed on the tissue surface of the retainer wax pattern to create the microporosities - doesnt require acid etching VIRGINIA BRIDGE - utilizes lost salt technique to create voids in the cast metal retainer - this provides mechanical retention

 These

are used when path of insertion of the fixed partial denture does not coincide with the long axis of the abutment tooth Indicated in tilted abutment The design involves the fabrication of two copings Primary coping Secondary coping

 Primary

copingfunctions to modify the morphology of the tooth helps to change the path of insertion Secondary copingdesigned to fit over the primary coping along the new path of insertion thus accurate parallelism of the copings is necessary

 Either

can be partial or full veneer crowns Strong enough even in thin sections

 Advantages

- strength - high retentive qualities Disadvantages- large amount of tooth reduction - adverse effects on tissues - vitality test not readily feasible - anesthetic display of metal

reduction- non centric cusp 1mm - centric cusp 1.5mm margin- chamfer allows 0.5mm thickness

 They

require more tooth reduction Can be fabricated over full veneer crown or partial veneer crown

 Advantages

- superior esthetics as compared to complete cast crowns Disadvantages- removal of substantial tooth structure - subject to fracture - shade selection is difficult

 Incisal

reduction

- 2mm Occlusal reduction - 1.5 2mm - 1.5mm for metal coverage - 2mm for metal with ceramic veneer Margins- facial surface- shoulder - lingual surface- chamfer Shoulder must extend at least 1mm lingual to proximal contact area.

 May

be fabricated as full or partial veneer crown Require maximum tooth reduction Porcelain requires sufficient bulk for adequate strength

 Advantages-

- esthetically unsurpassed - good tissue response even with subgingival margins Disadvantages- reduced strength - least conservative - brittle tend to fracture

 Incisal

reduction- 1.5 2mm clearance -this enables cosmetically pleasing restoration -provides adequate strength Facial reduction-1mm clearance Lingual reduction-1mm clearance Margin-shoulder preparation 90 degree angle

 Used

for long term temporary fixed partial dentures Not indicated for permanent restorations

 Proper

occlusal anatomy Definite cusp, ridges, grooves. The lingual surfaces of anterior teeth have a definite concave surface. Incisal edge of anterior teeth are rounded

 Stress

of occlusion in unworn teeth fall very near the long axis. On worn teeth stress are spread over wide and more dangerous area.

Unworn teeth

Worn teeth

Forces directed along the long axis of the tooth.

Oblique forces. Causes destruction of the periodontium

 Abutment

teeth are aligned parallel to one another full veneer crown can be given Partial veneer crown are preferred for non carious abutments or abutments with large restorations but intact facial or buccal surfaces. Endodontically treated tooth may have to be restored with core post before designing the retainer

 Full

veneer crown show superior esthetics to partial veneer crown Anterior restoration all ceramics Best to retain facial or buccal surfaces of natural teeth as they provide best esthetics In case with inadequate pontic space full coverage restoration can be designed for better appearance

Thank you