Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Great Bad
Content:
content:
Content
Know
allotted to you.
New
information Novel discovery Answers an interesting question Describes important ideas Concise& to the point
Slides
1. Outline slide 2. Layout 3. Structure 4. Animation 5. Bullets 6. Fonts 7. Color 8. Illustrations 9. Graphs 10. Video clips 11. Audio clips
12. Spelling& Grammar
Goals:
Convey the necessary information Be readable/understandable Be interesting (enough)
Avoid:
Over stimulation Boring
1. Outline slide
Start with Main points Follow the order of your outline for
2. Layout
Simple but attractive The same layout
3. Structure
Write in point form (Bullets). DO NOT use
sentences or paragraphs.
Avoid wordiness: use key words& phrases Simple image on every slide. Balance of Slide Elements: text, graphics
{You want the audience to focus on what you present, not the way you present}.
Bad
This page contains too many words
for a presentation slide. It is not written in point form, making it difficult both for your audience to read and for you to present each point. Although there are exactly the same number of points on this slide as the previous slide, it looks much more complicated. In short, your audience will spend too much time trying to read this paragraph instead of listening to you.
4. Animation
Show one point at a time:
Audience concentrate on what you are
saying Prevent audience from reading ahead keep your presentation focused
Use
option
Same
animation Simple "Wipe Left-to-Right" is good Do not use: Distracting animation Move" or "Fly" {too tedious& slow} (used in many presentations today).
5.Bullets
3-6 bullets/ slide 4 if large title, logo, picture Each bullet 1 line, 2 at the
most. This is known as cueing cue the audience in what you are going to say.
This gives the audience a framework to build upon.
read it. Reading speed does not match listening speed: confuse instead of reinforcing each other.
6. Fonts
Size:
Title: at least 28-point. Text: at least 18-point References: 14-point Different size for main points& secondary points
Text can be read from the back of the room.
You are close to your monitor Your audience is far from the screen
Tahoma TNR Courier Comic Lucida
Sans
32
28
20
18
16
14
12
10
pt
32
28
20
18
16
14
12
10 pt
pt 32 pt
28
20
18
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32
28
20
18
16
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12
10
pt32 pt
pt 24 pt
pt
pt
pt
pt
pt 24 pt
pt
pt
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pt
pt 24 pt
pt
pt
pt
pt
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pt 28 pt 24 pt 24 pt
pt
20
18
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pt
pt
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-Type Main
font: same 2 complementary fonts: Arial& Arial Bold. Serif font: e. g. Times New Roman Used in documents filled with lots of text. {Easier to read at small sizes}
San-serif
fonts
Arial Avoid: Script or Old English Use a standard font: Times New Roman or Arial. Roman& Gothic are easier to read
-Italics
Used to highlight thoughts or ideas Used for:
Bad
If you use a small font, your audience wont be able to read what you have written
IT IS DIFFICULT TO READ
Dont use a complicated font
7. Color
Use color to:
Colors: I.Cool:
blue& green best for backgrounds {appear to recede away from us into the background}. II. Warm: orange& red. best for objects in the foreground (such as text) {appear to be coming at us}.
e.g. Green& Yellow Contrasting=Complementary: separated by another color Clashing: Colors that are directly opposite e.g. yellow on blue.
Reds& oranges :
high-energy but difficult to stay focused on. Greens, blues, and browns : mellower, but not as attention grabbing. Color font that contrasts sharply with the background blue font on white background Yellow font on blue background
Avoid color
for decoration {distracting& annoying}. Different color for each point Different color for secondary points Red-green combinations {7 % of population
are red-green colorblind} Glaring colors White font on Light Green, Light Blue or Pale Yellow background
Dark
room white or light font on dark background (dark blue, grey, etc.). Good light Rooms: (which is highly advisable) Black or dark font on white background
Colour
- Bad
of people cant read this and even if they could, it makes your eyes hurt.
Lots
8. Illustrations
Diagrams are great communicators (Well-drawn) pictures easier to
understand Use only when needed, otherwise they become distracters instead of communicators They should relate to the message& help make a point
9. Graphs
Use graphs:
Data in graphs is easier to comprehend &
retain than is raw data Trends are easier to visualize in graphs Graphs& figures: large Title High-quality
Types
Pie
Charts. Used to show percentages. Limit the slices to 4-6 contrast the most important slice either with color or by exploding the slice.
Vertical
Bar Charts. Used to show changes in quantity over time. Limit the bars to 4-8 Horizontal Bar Charts. Used to compare quantities.
Line
Charts. Used to demonstrate trends. Tables Good for side-by-side comparisons of quantitative data. lacks impact on a visceral level.
Graphs - Good
Graphs - Bad
100 90
90
80
70
60 Blue Balls Red Balls 38.6 34.6 30.6 30 20.4 20 27.4 20.4 31.6
50
40
10
Graphs - Bad
Minor gridlines are unnecessary Font is too small Colors are illogical Title is missing Shading is distracting
0.6
0.4
0.2
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
show concrete examples promote active cognitive processing, {this natural way people learn}. Illustrate your point better Increase the interest of audience.
interviews. Avoid -Cheesy sound effects (sound of a horn or clapping when transitioning slides). -Extra sound effects attached to animations {lose credibility with your audience}.
13. Conclusion
Effective& strong
Your audience is likely to remember your last
words
Conclusion slides:
Bring people back if they zoned out Summarize the main points of presentation Suggest future research
14. Questions??
Avoid ending presentation
abruptly
slide to:
Invite audience to ask questions
question period
Presenter
Before At
camera& timer
Take criticism as constructive, not personally
During the Talk: Do not read your notes word for word!
-Its called a presentation & not a
reading of your work -Reading a slide is annoying -Do not read your slides like a script -You should not simply be a text-tospeech converter.
Do not use the media to hide you Face the audience, not the screen Make eye contact Dont pace up& down but also dont
stand rigid
Are your hands/face motionless? Are you staring at your advisor/boss? at your laptop? at the screen? at the ceiling? Is your back to the audience? IF SO youre probably BORING! Dead Man Talking
Spend between 30sec- 2min/slide Sometimes nerves make for fast talking Calm down.
Not
exceed your allotted time You were poorly prepared Have bad manners If youre running late: skip Dont just talk faster!
Do be enthusiastic
Are you interested in your topic? If no, get a different one! If yes, act like it If you arent excited Cant expect other people to be!
volume, gestures Microphone at middle of your chest Not 2mm from your mouth Modulate your voice evenly If not using a mic project your voice!
{Not everything is equally important} Dont point with your middle finger
Orient
the audience: Dont take lots of drinks {distracting& unprofessional} Spend time on graphs, charts, anatomy Memorize the outline Memorize the concluding sentence Be able to recover from interruptions
Careful
use of pause When starting a major result Raising a question Showing a complicated fig Avoid annoying mannerisms Use of OK Interrupting yourself with I mean or you know
prepared to get questions! Move towards the person who asked it Repeat or rephrase What if I dont know the answer? Know when to say I dont know Know how to say I dont know Dont be uncomfortabl
Close
by thanking your audience Plan to stay a while after talk Audience may want to talk with you
Conclusion
Good presentation= Good content, slides& presenter
Questions??