PCSl1AL PA8MAC?

BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE PILANI,

HYDERABAD CAMPUS
FIRST SEMESTER 2010-2011
nCSI1AL
hosplLal
W PosplLal ls a complex organlzaLlon and an lnsLlLuLe whlch provldes healLh Lo
peoples Lhrough compllcaLed buL speclallzed sclenLlflc equlpmenLs and a
Leam of Lralned medlcal sLaff educaLed ln Lhe problems of modern medlcal
sclence
W 1hus Lhe hosplLal ls a speclallzed body where Lhe paLlenL care ls Lhe focus
polnL and abouL whlch all acLlvlLles of Lhe hosplLal revolve
LASSIIIA1ICN CI nCSI1ALS
Can be done on Lhree ways
A) LINIAL 8ASIS CI LASSIIIA1ICN
W MaLernlLy hosplLals
W Surgery (Surglcal hosplLals)
Cynaecologlcal CrLhopaedlc
CLolaryngologlcal CardloLhoraclc
Ceneral surgery neurologlcal
kldney
W Medlclne
Ceneral uenLal
edlaLrlcs Cancer
Communlcable dlsease MenLal
urug addlcLlon rehablllLaLlon
8) CWNLkSnI Ck CN1kCL 8ASIS
W CovernmenL
ubllc healLh cenLers or clvll hosplLals
MlllLary hosplLals
W non CovernmenL
rlvaLe run
CharlLable LrusL
) SS1LM CI MLDIINL 8ASIS
AllopaLhlc PomeopaLhlc
Ayurvedlc naLuropaLhy
unanl
nCSI1AL nAkMA
AND I1S CkGANISA1ICN
nCSI1AL nAkMA
ueflnlLlon
P ls Lhe deparLmenL servlce or a domaln ln Lhe hosplLal organlzaLlon
managed under Lhe dlrecLlon of a professlonally compeLenL legally quallfled
pharmaclsL and deals wlLh
W Supply of drugs medlclnes and allled producLs Lo Lhe nurslng unlLs
W lllllng of prescrlpLlons for ouLpaLlenLs and dlspenslng as per lnLenLlon of a
physlclan
W ManufacLurlng of Lhe drugs and formulaLlons ln bulk and ln parLlcular Lhe
large volume parenLerals whlch are requlred for use of lndoor paLlenLs
W SLorage and dlspenslng of narcoLlc and blologlcal producLs
W Supply and sLorage of anclllary producLs and arLlcles requlred ln Lhe hosplLal
nAkMALU1IAL SLkVILS
Comprlses Lhe servlces rendered Lo Lhe paLlenL Lhrough a number of
acLlvlLles
Ma[or acLlvlLles lnclude
ulspenslng of drugs and medlclnes as per Lhe prescrlpLlons of Lhe docLor
for Lhe ouLpaLlenLs and Lhe lnpaLlenLs
ManagemenL of Lhe sLores whlch lncludes
urchase of drugs and medlclnes and oLher allled sLores as per Lhe
recommendaLlons of Lhe 1C
rovldlng lnsLrucLlons for proper sLorage of such drugs and medlclnes
MalnLenance of proper records of Lhe drugs purchased and Lhe
dlsLrlbuLlon Lhereof
ManufacLure and dlsLrlbuLlon of medlcamenLs and producLs such as
1ransfuslon flulds and oLher parenLeral producLs whlch are noL
manufacLured and markeLed
1ableLs Capsules
LxLernal use preparaLlons llke olnLmenLs
SLock mlxLures as per hosplLal formulary
rovldlng LherapeuLlc drug monlLorlng (1uM)
LsLabllshmenL and malnLenance of urug lnformaLlon CenLers (ulC)
aLlenL counsellng servlce
MalnLalnlng llalson wlLh medlcal sLaff nurslng sLaff and Lhe paLlenLs
1o malnLaln Lhe nurslng deparLmenL and Lhe cenLral sLerlle supply unlL ln Lhe
hosplLal
arLlclpaLe ln Lhe Leachlng programs of Lhe nurslng and pharmacy sLudenLs
IUN1ICNS CI A nCSI1AL nAkMAIS1
W 1o provlde and evaluaLe pharmaceuLlcal servlces and Lhereby supporLlng Lhe
medlcal sLaff wlLh due conslderaLlon of Lhe ob[ecLlves and pollcles of Lhe
hosplLal
W 1o draw a plan for hosplLal pharmacy admlnlsLraLlon
W 1o esLabllsh a llalson beLween admlnlsLraLlve auLhorlLles and medlcal docLors
who wlll order drugs and anclllary producLs ln Lhe hosplLal
W 1o esLlmaLe Lhe requlremenLs of Lhe deparLmenLs and enforce Lhe pollcles
and procedures for Lhe recrulLmenL of adequaLe and compeLenL sLaff
W 1o provlde Lhe means and meLhods by whlch Lhe personnel can work wlLh
oLher groups ln lnLerpreLlng ob[ecLlves and pollcles of Lhe hosplLal
W 1o develop and malnLaln an effecLlve sysLem of cllnlcal and admlnlsLraLlve
records and reporLs
W 1o parLlclpaLe ln and adhere Lo Lhe flnanclal plan of Lhe operaLlon of a
hosplLal
W 1o esLlmaLe Lhe needs of faclllLles supplles and equlpmenLs and Lo see LhaL
Lhere ls a proper conLrol of lnvenLory sLocks dlspenslng and manufacLurlng
of Lhe medlcamenLs
W 1o lnlLlaLe uLlllze and parLlclpaLe ln research pro[ecLs deslgned for Lhe
lmprovemenL of paLlenL care and oLher admlnlsLraLlve and hosplLal servlces
W 1o provlde and puL lnLo pracLlce a program for conLlnulLy educaLlon Lo all
personals
W 1o parLlclpaLe and adhere Lo Lhe safeLy programs of Lhe hosplLal
W 1o provlde and Lo puL lnLo pracLlce a program of conLlnulng educaLlon of all
personals
W 1o parLlclpaLe and/or faclllLaLe all educaLlonal programme whlch lnclude
sLudenL experlences ln Lhe deparLmenL
Set up of hosp|ta| pharmacy
DLAk1MLN1 CI
nAkMA
DLAk1MLN1 CI
nAkMA
nosp|ta|'s
comm|ttees
nosp|ta|
adm|n|strat|on
at|ents
nosp|ta|'s c||n|ca|
staff
nosp|ta|'s other
departments
nosp|ta|'s nurs|ng
staff
Iunct|ons and respons|b|||t|es of the
nCD of pharmacy and h|s staff
W PCu have Lo ensure LhaL pharmaclsLs funcLlonlng ln dlfferenL areas carry
ouL Lhelr asslgned funcLlons and duLles efflclenLly and ls aware of hls
responslblllLles Lowards lLs sLaff and Lo Lhe hosplLal admlnlsLraLlon
Suggested pattern of a setup of hosp|ta| pharmacy
1PL ul8LC1C8 C8 uLAn C8 MLulCAL SuL8ln1LnuLn1 1PL ul8LC1C8 C8 uLAn C8 MLulCAL SuL8ln1LnuLn1
ul8LC1C8 Cl PA8MACLu1lCAL SL8vlCLS
(MPA8M 8LlL8A8L? Wl1P PA8MACCLCC?)
ul8LC1C8 Cl PA8MACLu1lCAL SL8vlCLS
(MPA8M 8LlL8A8L? Wl1P PA8MACCLCC?)
PA8MAC? lnCPA8CL PA8MAC? lnCPA8CL
MAnulAC1u8lnC
Mharm wlLh
speclallzaLlon ln
pharmaceuLlcal
Lechnology
MAnulAC1u8lnC
Mharm wlLh
speclallzaLlon ln
pharmaceuLlcal
Lechnology
ulSLnSlnC Anu
ulS18l8u1lCn Cl
u8uCS
CuLdoor lndoor
8pharm asslsLed by
upharm as [unlor
pharmaclsL
ulSLnSlnC Anu
ulS18l8u1lCn Cl
u8uCS
CuLdoor lndoor
8pharm asslsLed by
upharm as [unlor
pharmaclsL
CC
Mharm wlLh
speclallzaLlon ln
AnalyLlcal chemlsLry
asslsLed by 8pharm
Lralned ln
mlcroblology and
pyrogen LesLlng
CC
Mharm wlLh
speclallzaLlon ln
AnalyLlcal chemlsLry
asslsLed by 8pharm
Lralned ln
mlcroblology and
pyrogen LesLlng
u8uC
MCnl1C8lnC
SL8vlCLS Anu
u8uCS
lnlC8MA1lCn
SL8vlCLS
Mharm wlLh
speclallzaLlon ln
harmacology
u8uC
MCnl1C8lnC
SL8vlCLS Anu
u8uCS
lnlC8MA1lCn
SL8vlCLS
Mharm wlLh
speclallzaLlon ln
harmacology
MLulCAL 8LCC8uS
Anu
MlSCLLLAnLCuS
uu1lLS
(8harm or
upharm)
MLulCAL 8LCC8uS
Anu
MlSCLLLAnLCuS
uu1lLS
(8harm or
upharm)
Inpat|ent or |ndoor pharmac|sts respons|b|||t|es
A) LN1kAL DISLNSING AkLA
1o ensure LhaL all drugs are sLored dlspensed correcLly
1o check Lhe accuracy of Lhe dosages prepared especlally of lnLravenous admlxLure and
unlL doses
1o keep proper records and preparaLlon of bllls
1o coordlnaLe Lhe overall pharmaceuLlcal needs of Lhe paLlenL care" areas wlLhln Lhe
cenLral dlspenslng area
1o ensure LhaL Lhe esLabllshed pollcles and procedures lald down are followed
1o malnLaln professlonal compeLence parLlcularly LhaL keeps hlm updaLed wlLh of
lnformaLlon
1o communlcaLe wlLh all pharmacy sLaff regardlng new developmenLs ln Lhe area and
asslsLs ln evaluaLlons of employees of hls secLlon
1o ensure LhaL Lhe new personnel ln hls secLlon are properly Lralned ln Lhe pollcles and
procedures of Lhe cenLral dlspenslng area
1o coordlnaLes Lhe acLlvlLles of Lhe area wlLh Lhe avallable sLaff Lo make use of Lhe besL
posslble use of Lhe personnel and resources
8) A1ILN1 AkL AkLAS
(wards operaLlon LheaLres and oLher deparLmenLs where drugs of speclal
caLegorles are used)
1he pharmaclsL ln charge of Lhls secLlon has goL followlng responslblllLles
1o malnLaln a llalson wlLh nurses
8evlewlng of drug admlnlsLraLlon ln each paLlenL perlodlcally
1o provlde lnsLrucLlon and asslsLance Lo Lhe [unlor pharmaclsLs as needed ln
deallng wlLh dlfflculL paLlenLs and new procedures
1o coordlnaLes over all pharmaceuLlcals servlces on Lhe runnlng unlL level
) DIkL1 A1ILN1 AkL AkLAS
Pls responslblllLles lnvolve
ldenLlflcaLlon of drugs broughL lnLo Lhe hosplLal by Lhe paLlenL
CbLalnlng paLlenLs medlcaLlon hlsLory and communlcaLlng all Lhe lnformaLlon Lo Lhe
physlclans
1o asslsL ln Lhe selecLlon of drugs producLs and Lhelr ldenLlLles Also Lo asslsL physlclan
ln selecLlng dosage paLLern and schedules and asslgns Lhe Llmlngs for Lhe drug
admlnlsLraLlon
1o monlLor paLlenLs LoLal drugs Lherapy for
LffecLlveness(lneffecLlveness) slde effecLs LoxlclLles allerglc drug reacLlons
drug lnLeracLlons and as Lhelr dlsLrlbuLlon and concenLraLlon ln organs and Llssues by
pharmacoklneLlc and pharmacodynamlc meLhods
Counsellng paLlenLs on
MedlcaLlons LhaL are Loo be self admlnlsLered ln Lhe hosplLal
8egardlng Lhe use of dlscharge medlclnes
arLlclpaLlng ln cardlo pulmonary emergencles by
rocuremenL or preparaLlon of drugs needed
CharLlng all medlcaLlons glven
erformlng cardlo pulmonary resusclLaLlon lf necessary
D) GLNLkAL kLSCNSI8ILI1ILS
W 1o provlde ln servlce Lralnlng and educaLlon for
Lhe pharmaclsL
pharmacy sLudenLs
nurses and nurslng sLudenLs
physlclans and medlcal sLudenLs
W Pe has Lo provlde lnformaLlon regardlng drugs Lo Lhe physlclans
nurses and oLher healLh care personnel
CuLdoor pharmaclsLs responslblllLles
W ulvlded lnLo Lhree caLegorles
W 1hose regardlng
CenLral dlspenslng area
aLlenL care areas
Ceneral responslblllLles
A) LN1kAL DISLNSING AkLA
harmaclsL should ensure
W roper Lechnlques are used for exLemporaneous compoundlng
W AdequaLe record keeplng and bllllng ln respecL of paLlenL's medlcaLlon
parLlculars records of lnvesLlgaLlonal drugs records of ouLpaLlenL bllls
malnLalnlng and preparlng of all records
W CorrecLly malnLalnlng of prescrlpLlon flles
W keep Lhe ouLdoor pharmacy ln a neaL and Lldy manner
8) A1ILN1 AkL AkLAS
W 1o perlodlcally lnspecL Lhe medlcaLlon areas on Lhe nurslng unlL and Lo
make sure LhaL Lhey are always kepL adequaLely supplled wlLh drugs and
oLher arLlcles requlred
W 1o ldenLlfy Lhe drugs broughL lnLo cllnlc by Lhe paLlenL and record Lhe
paLlenLs medlcaLlon hlsLory and communlcaLlng Lhe same Lo Lhe physlclans
concerned Pe also asslsL Lhem ln selecLlon of drugs reglmen and schedules
and selecLlon of correcL drug producLs and Lhelr enLlLles
W MonlLorlng of drugs
W 1o counsel Lhe paLlenLs on proper use of Lhelr medlcaLlon and prepare Lhe
medlcaLlons for lnLravenous admlnlsLraLlon
) GLNLkAL kLSCNSI8ILI1ILS
1o coordlnaLe Lhe overall pharmaceuLlcal needs of Lhe ouLdoor servlce
area and exerclse adequaLe conLrol over such drugs
1o ensure LhaL all drugs are handled properly such as sLorage of
lnvesLlgaLlonal drugs
1o parLlclpaLe ln cardlopulmonary emergencles
1o provlde for ln servlce educaLlon and Lralnlng for pharmaclsLs pharmacy
lLems le pharmacy sLudenLs send for pracLlcal Lralnlng as a parL of
dlploma or degree courses nurses
harmacy and therapeut|c comm|ttee (1)
1
W ls a pollcy framlng and recommendlng body Lo Lhe medlcal sLaff and Lhe
admlnlsLraLlon of hosplLal on maLLers relaLed Lo Lhe LherapeuLlc use of
drugs
W 1C ls composed of physlclans pharmaclsLs and oLher healLh professlonals
selecLed wlLh Lhe lncluslon of medlcal sLaff
C8IL1IVLS CI 1
W AuvlSC8?
W LuuCA1lCnAL
W u8uC SAlL1? Anu AuvL8SL u8uC MCnl1C8lnC
ompos|t|on of 1
Cenerally 1C ls composed of
1) AL leasL Lhree physlclans from Lhe medlcal sLaff
2) A pharmaclsL
3) A represenLaLlve of Lhe nurslng sLaff and
4) An hosplLal admlnlsLraLor wlLh hls/her deslgnaLed an exofflclo member
of Lhe commlLLee one of Lhe physlclans may be appolnLed as Lhe
chalrman of 1C
harmaclsL funcLlons usually as Lhe secreLary and Lherefore
deslgnaLed as Lhe secreLary of Lhe commlLLee
CommlLLee should meeL regularly aL leasL slx Llmes ln a year and also
when requlred
8ole of pharmaclsLs ln 1C
W reparaLlon of Lhe agenda and supplemenLary maLerlals requlred for
commlLLee meeLlng and furnlsh lL Lo Lhe commlLLee members ln advance so
LhaL members can sLudy properly before Lhe meeLlng
W 8evlew of conLenLs of Lhe PosplLal lormulary for Lhe purpose of brlnglng lL
up Lo daLe and deleLlng of producLs noL consldered necessary for use
W 8evlew and/or adopLlon of lnvesLlgaLlonal drugs currenLly under processlng
ln Lhe hosplLal
W 8evlew of slde effecLs adverse drug reacLlons Loxlc effecLs drug
lnLeracLlons of drugs reporLed by varlous unlLs of Lhe hosplLal and broughL
lnLo Lhe noLlce of Lhe commlLLee by Lhe ulC
W 8evlew of drug safeLy ln hosplLal
W urug safeLy ls Lhe moral legal and professlonal obllgaLlon of Lhe pharmaclsLs
ln wesLern counLrles
W PosplLal musL employ a quallfled aL leasL a reglsLered pharmaclsL wlLh
8harm degree as Lhe chlef pharmaclsL and Lhe resL may be aL leasL dlploma
holders ln pharmacy
W PosplLal should noL permlL a non pharmaclsL personnel Lo dlspense drug and
allled maLerlals
W Lngage ln Leachlng programme Lo famlllarlze Lhe nurslng and resldenL sLaff
wlLh new drugs and Lo Leach Lhe sLudenL nurses Lhe baslc course of
pharmaceuLlcal maLhemaLlcs and pharmacology
8LA8A1lCn Anu MAln1LnAnCL Cl LML8CLnC? kl1S
1o declde abouL Lhe drugs and oLher supplles LhaL should be presenL ln Lhe
Lmergency klLs (boxes conLalnlng emergency drugs)
1o place Lmergency klLs so LhaL lL ls readlly avallable for use aL Lhe bed slde
speclfled place ln cllnlc emergency ward and ln Lhe speclal procedure room of
Lhe deparLmenL of radlology and lLs rouLlne sLocklng
W P ls a conLlnuously revlsed compllaLlon of pharmaceuLlcal dosage agenLs
and Lhelr forms eLc whlch reflecLs Lhe currenL cllnlcal [udgmenL of Lhe
medlcal sLaff
W PosplLal formulary sysLem ls a meLhod whereby Lhe medlcal sLaff of a
hosplLal wlLh Lhe help of 1C selecLs and evaluaLes medlclnal agenLs and
Lhelr dosage forms whlch are consldered Lo be mosL useful ln Lhe paLlenL
care
W Pl sysLem provldes lnformaLlon for procurlng prescrlblng dlspenslng and
admlnlsLraLlon of drugs under nonproprleLary or proprleLary names
naLlonal lormulary of lndla by MlnlsLry of PealLh and lamlly Welfare
CovernmenL of lndla
kCLL CI nAkMAIS1 IN kLAkA1ICN CI nCSI1AL
ICkMULAk
PCSl1AL lC8MuLA8?
W harmaclsL ln Lhe 1C have a key role ln developlng pollcles and procedures
governlng Lhe Pl
W 1he chlef pharmaclsL have Lhe prlmary responslblllLy for Lhe preparaLlon of
Pl
W harmaclsL wlLh Lhe advlce and guldance of 1C shall ascerLaln Lhe
quanLlLy and source of supply of all drugs chemlcals blologlcals and
pharmaceuLlcal preparaLlons used for Lhe dlagnosls and LreaLmenL of
paLlenLs
W harmaclsL should ensure LhaL quallLy of drugs ls noL compromlsed by
economlc conslderaLlons
kCLL CI nAkMAIS1
LINIAL nAkMA
W Cllnlcal pharmacy ls a branch of harmacy where pharmaclsLs provlde paLlenL
care LhaL opLlmlzes Lhe use of medlcaLlon and promoLes healLh wellness and
dlsease prevenLlon
W 1he Cllnlcal PosplLal harmaclsL ls responslble for all cllnlcal pharmacy
acLlvlLles wlLhln Lhe pharmacy and wards PosplLal
W Cllnlcal pharmaclsL ls an lmporLanL parL of Lhe healLhcare Leam
W Cllnlcal pharmaclsLs are a prlmary source of sclenLlflcally valld lnformaLlon and
advlce regardlng Lhe safe approprlaLe and cosLeffecLlve use of medlcaLlons
W 1he pharmaclsL works ln coordlnaLlon wlLh Lhe docLors for Lhe beLLer paLlenL
healLhcare 1hey have very speclflc roles whlch alm aL assurlng paLlenL safeLy
Scope of c||n|ca| pharmacy
W urug ulsLrlbuLlon SysLems
W urug lnformaLlon
W urug uLlllzaLlon
W urug LvaluaLlon and SelecLlon
W MedlcaLlon 1herapy ManagemenL
W lormal LducaLlon and 1ralnlng rogram
W Mlscellaneous AppllcaLlon of LlecLronlc uaLa rocesslng(Lu)
A1IVI1ILS CI LINIAL nAkMAIS1S
1he prlnclple acLlvlLles of a cllnlcal pharmaclsL lnclude
W onsu|t|ng
Analyslng Lheraples advlslng healLh care pracLlLloners on Lhe correcLness of drug
Lherapy and provldlng pharmaceuLlcal care Lo paLlenLs boLh aL hosplLal and aL
communlLy level
W Se|ect|on of drugs
ueflnlng drug formularles or llmlLed llsLs of drugs ln collaboraLlon wlLh
hosplLal docLors general pracLlLloners and declslon makers
W Drug |nformat|on
Seeklng lnformaLlon and crlLlcally evaluaLlng sclenLlflc llLeraLure organlslng
lnformaLlon servlces for boLh Lhe healLh care pracLlLloners and Lhe paLlenLs
W Drug use stud|es and research
urug use sLudles/ pharmacoepldemlology/ ouLcome research/
pharmacovlgllance and vlgllance ln medlclnal devlces collecLlng daLa on drug
Lheraples Lhelr cosLs and paLlenL ouLcome Lhrough sLrucLured and sclenLlflc
meLhods
W harmacok|net|cs] therapeut|c drug mon|tor|ng
SLudylng Lhe klneLlcs of drugs and opLlmlslng Lhe dosage
W Iormu|at|on and preparat|on
lormulaLlon and preparaLlon of medlclnal producLs and devlces accordlng Lo
accepLable sLandards Lo meeL speclflc paLlenLs needs
W ||n|ca| 1r|a|s
lannlng evaluaLlng and parLlclpaLlng ln cllnlcal Lrlals
W harmacoeconomy
uslng Lhe resulLs of cllnlcal Lrlals and ouLcome sLudles Lo deLermlne cosL
effecLlveness evaluaLlons
W D|spensat|on Adm|n|strat|on
sLudylng and developlng sysLems for Lhe dlspenslng and admlnlsLraLlon of
medlclnal producLs and devlces LhaL can guaranLee a hlgher securlLy ln
admlnlsLraLlon a reducLlon of expendlLure and a reducLlon ln medlcaLlon
errors
W 1each|ng 1ra|n|ng
re and posLgraduaLe Leachlng and acLlvlLles Lo provlde Lralnlng and
educaLlon programmes for pharmaclsLs and oLher healLh care pracLlLloners
W reparaLlon of paLlenL medlcaLlon hlsLory charL
W lL lnvolves ln lncreaslng Lhe knowledge abouL Lhe dlsease and Lhelr drug
Lherapy Pe can gulde Lhe paLlenL for proper use of drug Lherapy and
posslble drug lnLeracLlon Pe can also advlce for Lhe drug compllance
W arLlclpaLlon ln medlcal emergencles
W lL also provldes Lhe provlslon of consulLaLlon ln varlous areas llke LoLal
parenLeral nuLrlLlon lnLravenous Lherapy cllnlcal pharmacoklneLlcs
selecLlon of drug Lherapy and deLermlnaLlon of LherapeuLlc end polnL
W ManagemenL of chronlc dlseases
keferences
1. Merchant, S. H., Qadry, J. S., A Textbook oI Hospital
Pharmacy, B. S. Shah Prakashan, 2nd Ed., 1994.
2. Internet Sources