By: Group 3

Friction refers to the force that resist motion whenever two materials or media are in contact with each other, and are sliding or rolling each other. Causes: 1) Friction is caused mainly by the mechanically interlocking of irregularities on two surfaces in contact. 2) The tendency of the materials in very close contact with each other, to stick together.

Friction can be classified into three types. These are:

1)

Static Friction This includes all cases in which the frictional force is enough to prevent relative motion between surfaces in contact.
Sliding or Kinetic Friction This occurs when there is relative (sliding) motion at the interface of the surfaces in contact. Rolling Friction This takes place when one surface rotates at it moves over another surface but does not slip nor slide at the area of contact.

2)

3)

1. Friction acts parallel to the surfaces that are in contact and in the direction opposite to the motion of the object or to the net force tending to produce that motion.
FW
Fa

is the weight of the block of wood

FW is the upward force exerted by the table on the wood is the force that slides the block along the horizontal surface

Ff

is the frictional force that resists the motion and is parallel to the surfaces in contact and opposite to the direction of Fa.

2. Friction depends on the nature of the materials in contact and the smoothness on their surfaces. 3. Sliding friction is usually less than starting friction. 4. Sliding Friction is practically independent of speed. This is approximately true for sliding speeds which are neither very big nor very small. This is restricted to medium speeds. 5. Friction is practically independent on the area of contact. 6. Friction is directly proportional to the force pressing the two surfaces together.

Materials in Contact Wood on wood Wood on stone Steel on steel (smooth) Metal on metal (lubricated)

Coefficient of Static Friction, s 0.5 0.5 0.15 0.03

Coefficient of Kinetic Friction, k 0.3 0.4 0.09 0.03

Leather on wood Rubber tire on dry concrete

Rubber tire on wet concrete Glass on glass Steel on Teflon Bone on bone (dry) Bone on bone (lubricated)

0.5 1
0.7 0.94 0.04

0.4 0.7
0.5 0.4 0.04 0.3 0.003

The force that presses the surfaces against each other (called normal force FN ) has been related to the frictional Ff and the results are: Ff s FN Static Friction Ff = k FN Kinetic Friction Where the is called the coefficient of friction and is a constant. The coefficient of friction is therefore given as: = Ff/FN

GIVEN:

FIND:

FN = 400N
Ff = 40N

As Nestor is taking a bath, the soap falls out of the SOLUTION: soap dish and he steps on it with a force of 400N. If = Ff /FN Nestor slides forward and the frictional force between = 40 N/ 400Nthe soap and the tiled floor is 40N, what is the coefficient of friction between the two surfaces? =0.1

GIVEN:
m = 900 kg

First, determine the normal force, FN FN = mg cos

At an animal circus show, a 900-kg sea lion slides =(900 kg)(10m/s2 )(cos 28) = 28o down a wet slide inclined 7920 Nangle of 28 to the FN = at an ghorizontal. The coefficient of friction between the = 10 m/s2 Then solve for Ff = 0.040 and the slide is 0.040. What frictional force sea lion Ff = FN slows FIND: Ffthe sea lions motion down the slide?
=(0.040)(7920N)

Ff = 316.8N

Ff s FN (Static Friction)

Ff = k FN (Kinetic Friction)
Ff = FN FN = mg cos

1. Loma is redecorating her apartment. She slowly pushes an 80-kg china cabinet across the wooden dining room floor which resists the motion with a 300-N force of friction. What is the coefficient of sliding friction between the china cabinet and the floor?

2. A 250-N crate is pulled along a horizontal sidewalk at a constant speed by a rope which makes an angle of 40o with the sidewalk. If a force of 150 N is applied on the rope, what is the coefficient of sliding friction.

3. ______ occurs when there is relative motion at the interface of the surfaces in contact.