MICROCONTROLLER 8051

Contents cover in Training

Introduction on embedded system Microcontroller basic 8051 Interfacing (LED, LCD, buzz, seven segment, switch matrix) Proteus, keil, flashmagic software

What is embedded system?

Embedded system is combination of hardware and software which design to perform the specific task. Ex: AC, washing machine, micro oven etc.

Types of embedded system according to memory

Small scale Embedded system (8bit8051) Medium scale Embedded system (16bit-AVR) Large scale embedded system (32bit-ARM)

In training we will work on basic 8 bit

Application areas

Automotive electronics

Aircraft electronics Trains Telecommunication

Application areas

Consumer electronics Fabrication equipment Smart buildings

Microcontrollers

Specially designed microprocessors

It is small on chip computer

Highly integrated chip includes all or most parts needed for controller A typical microcontroller has:

bit manipulation easy and direct access to I/O quick and efficient interrupt processing

Microcontroller drastically reduces design cost

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Applications

Appliances (microwave oven, refrigerators, television and VCRs, stereos) Computers and computer equipment (laser printers, modems, disk drives) Automobiles (engine control, diagnostics, climate control), Environmental control (greenhouse, factory, home) Instrumentation Aerospace Robotics, etc...

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Flavors

4, 8, 16, or 32 bit microcontrollers specialized processors include features specific for

communications, keyboard handling, signal processing, video processing, and other tasks.

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Intel 8051: Manufacturers

AMD ARM Microcontrollers ARC Cores Atmel Dallas Hitachi semiconductors Intel ISSI Matra Microchip

OKI Philips Siemens SMC SSI Texas Instruments ZiLog etc.

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Popular Microcontrollers

Part 1

8048 (Intel) 8051 (Intel and others) 80c196 (MCS-96) 80186,80188 (Intel) 80386 EX (Intel) 65C02/W65C816S/W65C134S (Western Design Center) MC14500 (Motorola)

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Microcontrollers

Basic parts are:

Central Processing Unit e x t e r n a l i n e r r u p t s RAM EPROM/PROM/ROM or FLASH i n t e r r u Memory c o n t r o I/O serial or/and parallel timers interrupt controller C P U Watch Dog Timer AD Converter LCD driver etc.

p t R l

t i m t i m

e r e r

1 0

c o u n t e i n p u t s

Optional parts are:

O S C
b u s c o n t r o l

4 I / O p o r t s

s e r i a l p o r t

T P 0P 2 P 1P 3

x DR

x D

a d d r e s s / d a t a

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Intel 8051: Pin Configurations

Part 1

Dual In-Line Package Plastic Lead Chip Carrier Plastic Quad Flat Pack

P P P P P P P P R R

1 . 0 1 . 1 1 . 2 1 . 3 1 . 4 1 . 5 1 . 6 1 . 7 S T

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

4 0 3 9 3 8 3 7 3 6 3 5 3 4 3 3 3 2 3 1 3 0 2 9 2 8 2 7 2 6 2 5 2 4 2 3 2 2 2 1

V c c P 0 . 0 / A P 0 . 1 / A P 0 . 2 / A P 0 . 3 / A P 0 . 4 / A P 0 . 5 / A P 0 . 6 / A P 0 . 6 / A E A A L E E N 1 5 1 4 1 3 1 2 1 1 1 0 9 8 P S D D D D D D D D 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 6

x D / P 3 1 0. 0 T x D / 1 1 P 3 . 1 I N T 0 / P 31 2. 2 IN T 1 / P T 0 / P T 1 / P W R R D X T X T V / P / P A A 31 3. 3 3 1. 44 3 1. 55 3 1 .66 3 1 . 77 L 12 8 L 11 9
2 0

P 2 . 7 / A P 2 . 6 / A P 2 . 5 / A P 2 . 4 / A P 2 . 3 / A P 2 . 2 / A P 2 . 1 / A P 2 . 0 / A

s s

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Intel 8051: Pin Description

PORT 0

Part 1

VSS - Ground: 0V VCC - Power Supply P0.0-P0.7 - Port 0

V C

C L 1

X T A

SECONDARY FUNCTIONS

Open drain, bi-directional I/O port Pins that have 1s written to them float and can be used as high-impedance inputs Multiplexed low-order address and data bus during accesses to external program and data memory

D D R E D A T A

S S B U

X T A R E P A R IN IN x D T 0 T 1 T x D L E S S A E / P T / V N R O G p p

L 2

PORT 2

PORT 3

PORT 1

T 0 T 1 W R R D

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Intel 8051: Pin Description

Part 2

P2.0-P2.7 - Port 2

Bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups Pins that have 1s written to them float and can be used as high-impedance inputs. Port 2 emits high-order address byte during accesses to external program and data memory Bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups Pins that have 1s written to them float and can be used as high-impedance inputs.

Port 3 serves the special features:

P3.0-P3.7 - Port 3

RxD - Serial input port TxD - Serial output port INT0 - External interrupt INT1 - External interrupt T0 - Timer 0 external input T1 - Timer 1 external input WR - External data memory write strobe RD - External data memory read strobe

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Intel 8051: Pin Description

Part 3

RST - Reset

EA - External Access Enable

A high on this pin for two machine cycles resets the devices Output pulse for latching the low byte of address during an access to external memory Read strobe to external program memory

ALE - Address Latch Enable

EA must be externally held low to enable device to fetch code from external memory locations. Input to the inverting oscillator amplifier and input to internal clock generator circuits Output from the inverting oscillator amplifier

XTAL1 - Crystal 1

PSEN - Program Store Enable

XTAL2 - Crystal 2

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Intel 8051: The On-Chip

Oscillator

Intel 8051 microcontrollers have an on-chip oscillator resonators are connected between XTAL1 and XTAL2 pins external oscillators (HMOS or CMOS)

Q U A R T Z C R Y S T A L O R C E R A M I C R E S O N A T O R

8 0 5 1 L 2

T A

X V

T A L 1 S S

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Basic concept of Programming in C

Basic concept of Programming in C

Interfacing with 8051

LED LED, Seven Segment LCD with switch LCD with Switch Matrix LCD, Switch Matrix and Buzz

LED interfacing with C Programming

Eight LED connected to the Port 0 Program:

Circuit Diagram:

Seven Segment Interfacing with 8051

Circuit diagram:

LCD (JHD162) interfacing with 8051

Instruction

Pin description

LCD (JHD162) interfacing with 8051

Program

Switch matrix

It is the ratio matrix 4*4 It means 16 switahes are used in the ckt.

Circuit diagram

LCD with switch matrix interfacing

Circuit diagram

LCD with switch matrix interfacing

Program

Program

Proteus, Keil, Flash Magic software

Proteus is used for testing the ckt on computer. Keil is use for Programming and finding debugs in Program. Flash Magic is used for installation Program in 8051.

PROJECT