Women Mental Health Mac 11

11/24/2011 Women Mental Health 2011 1 11/24/2011 Women Mental Health 2011 1
Stress & Stress &

Women Mental Health Women Mental Health
Dr. Nor Hamidah Mohd Salleh Dr. Nor Hamidah Mohd Salleh
Consultant Psychiatrist Consultant Psychiatrist
Gleneagles Kuala Lumpur Gleneagles Kuala Lumpur
Womens Achievement Womens Achievement
Women Health Women Health
- On average, women live six to eight years longer
than men globally. In 2007, women's life
expectancy at birth was more than 80 years in 35
countries, but only 54 years in the WHO African
Region.
- Girls are far more likely than boys to suffer
sexual abuse.
- Road traffic injuries are the leading cause of
death among adolescent girls in high- and
middle-income countries.
Women Health Women Health
Essentially all (99%) of the half a million maternal
deaths every year occur in developing countries.
Breast cancer is the leading cancer killer among
women aged 20-59 years in high-income
countries.
Globally, cardiovascular disease, often thought to
be a "male" problem, is the leading killer of
women.
(WHO Nov. 2009)
Golden Years Golden Years
Because women tend to live longer than men, women
represent a growing proportion of all older people.
Worldwide, in 2007, 55% of adults aged 60 years and
over were women, a proportion that rises to 58% at
age 70 and above.
Chronic conditions - mainly cardiovascular disease
and COPD - account for 45% of deaths in women
over 60 years of age worldwide. A further 15% of
deaths are caused by cancers, mainly of the breast,
lung and colon.
Golden Years Golden Years
Many of the health problems faced by women in
older age are the result of risk factors that arise
in their adolescence and adulthood, such as
smoking, sedentary lifestyles and unhealthy
diets.
Other debilitating health problems faced by older
women are poor vision (including cataracts),
hearing loss, arthritis, depression and dementia.
Mental Illness in Women Mental Illness in Women
- Suicide and mental health disorders contribute
significantly to the burden of ill-health and death
in all regions.
- Women are more susceptible to depression and
anxiety than men. An estimated 73 million adult
women worldwide suffer a major depressive
episode each year. Mental disorders following
childbirth, including depression, are estimated to
affect about 13% of women within a year of
delivery. Suicide is the seventh top cause of
death globally for women aged 20-59 years.
Women and Stress Women and Stress
It seems to be common knowledge that women
are generally busier and more stressed than
men, that they juggle more roles and are
constantly rushing. But how true is this
perception?
Researchers from The University of Arizona's
School of Family and Consumer Resources
decided to find out. They took a sample of 166
married couples and had each participant
maintain a daily diary over the course of 42 days,
where they recorded their daily stressors. The
results indeed showed that women reported a
greater amount of "high distress" days and fewer
distress-free days than men.
- Interestingly, the differences in levels of stressful
days were due to women experiencing more
onsets of "distress episodes" (having stress
response triggered), rather than being more
likely to continue in a distressed state from one
day to the next. In other words, women didn't
hold onto their stress more; they just
experienced more episodes of being stressed
11/24/2011 Stress Management 11 Stress Management 11 11/24/2011 Stress Management
Sfress Sfress
The resuIf of o person
being pushed beyond fhe
Iimif of his or her
nofuroI copocify.
If con perceived os
posifive (eusfress) or
negofive (disfress)
11/24/2011 Women Mental Health 2011 12 12 11/24/2011
ocfs ond igures ocfs ond igures
In UI, 837 of HP monogers indicofe fhof sfress is
fhe probIem in fheir orgoni;ofions.
I in b UI workers beIieve fheir jobs fo be very
sfressfuI or exfremeIy sfressfuI
A Iong ferm disobiIify insurer in UI reporfed fhof
Z07 of ifs cIoimonfs suffer from sfress reIofed
probIems.
Af fhe Escorfs Heorf Insfifufe in DeIhi, Indio,
roufine cordioc screening indicofe fhof mosf
execufives ore in foirIy odvonced sfoges of sfress.
11/24/2011 Women Mental Health 2011 13 13
Stress and Performance Stress and Performance
11/24/2011
14
The Sfress Process The Sfress Process
Stressors
Cofosfrophes
Life chonges
HossIes
Intervening
fuctors
ApproisoI
Perceived
confroI
PersonoIify
SocioI Supporf
Coping behoviors
Stress Reuction
PhysioIogicoI
EmofionoI
8ehovioroI
16
Sympfoms of Sfress Sympfoms of Sfress
PSYCHOLO0ICAL PSYCHOLO0ICAL
- -PesfIess PesfIess
- -Ieyed up Ieyed up
- -Anxiefy Anxiefy
- -Depression Depression
- -IrrifobIe IrrifobIe
- -Poor sIeep/oppefife Poor sIeep/oppefife
- -Poor concenfrofion Poor concenfrofion
- -8urnouf 8urnouf
- -Job dissofisfocfion Job dissofisfocfion
11/24/2011 Women Mental Health 2011 18
11/24/2011 Women Mental Health 2011 18
PHYSIOLO0ICAL PHYSIOLO0ICAL
- - UIcers UIcers
- - Migroines Migroines
- - Hyperfension Hyperfension
- - Heorf offock Heorf offock
- - Heodoches Heodoches
- - Sfroke Sfroke
- - SIeep disfurbonces SIeep disfurbonces
11/24/2011 Stress Management 19 Stress Management 19 11/24/2011
8ehovioroI
- Lower job performonce
- More occidenfs
- ouIfy decisions
- Higher obsenfeeism
- WorkpIoce oggression
Couses of Sfress Couses of Sfress
I. WorkIood
Z. PersonoIify
3. PhysicoI focfors
11/24/2011 Stress Management 21 Stress Management 21 11/24/2011 Stress Management
The biggest problem at work (%) The biggest problem at work (%)
0
3
10
13
20
23
30
23 2334 3344 4334 33+
poor pay
sLress
workloads
managemenL relaLlons
hours
8urnouf 8urnouf
Discouroged, depressed,
hopeIess
Sfress over Iong period of
fime
Couses
I. UnreoIisfic high expecfofion
for oneseIf.
Z. A sense of powerIessness fo
remedy fhe probIem
3. Preoccupofion ond puffing Iong
hours fo fhe excIusion of
ofher ocfivifies
How fo De Sfress7 How fo De Sfress7
I. ProbIem- focused sfrofegy
- oim fo deoI wifh fhe sfressors, by direcf
ocfion fo soIve fhe probIem.
Z. Emofion- focused sfrofegy
- Aim fo improve individuoI resiIience ond
coping skiIIs, nof necessoriIy chonge fhe
sfressors.
IndividuoI SoIufions IndividuoI SoIufions
I. Chonge your infernoI offifudes/ percepfions
- DeveIop socioI supporfs fhof reduce your sense of
oIoneness.
- DeveIop o sense of humor obouf your sifuofion.
- ToIk obouf froubIes wifh friends.
- Seek professionoI counseIing.
- 8e owore ond own your personoI sfress
- Inow yourseIf ond your IeveI of opfimum sfress
- 8oIonce work ond pIoy
Coping wifh Sfress Coping wifh Sfress
Z. Chonge your inferocfion wifh fhe
environmenf (Work Smorfer nof Horder)
- Improve your skiIIs in oreos Iike gooI seffing, fime
monogemenf ond confIicf monogemenf.
- Toke osserfive froining.
- Use peer feedbock os o woy fo idenfify oreos for
possibIe chonges in funcfioning.
- Use o cose consuIfonf for porficuIorIy difficuIf job
oreos.
- SIow down.
3. Chonge your physicoI ocfivify fo cope
- 0ef odequofe ond proper nufrifion.
- ImpIemenf o fifness progrom.
- Cuf down on infoke sfressors (e.g coffeine,
nicofine, sugor, oIcohoI efc.)
- PeIox, Ieorn fo Ioof o IiffIe.
- DeveIop some recreofionoI ocfivifies.
4. Chonge your Environmenf
- Quif going fo cerfoin meefing.
- Chonge job/vocofion/Iocofion.
- DeveIop exfended educofion progroms.
- Sfrucfure fime off from work.
- Sef up your job, if possibIe, so you con work
in o voriefy of differenf progrom oreos.
Mental Health Mental Health
Our mental health is as important as
our physical health. Taking care of
our mental health can help us feel
better physically. And taking care of
our body is important for our mental
health.
Good Mental Health Good Mental Health
- Taking time to relax and talk about
problems can help promote good mental
health. Our work, family, and friends all
affect our mental health. This can be good
or bad. We continuously juggle work and
family. We take care of others. We try to
keep balance and control in our life.
- Good mental health helps us enjoy life and cope
with problems. It offers a feeling of well-being
and inner strength.
- Just as we take care of our body by eating right
and exercising, we can do things to help protect
our mental health.
- Being able to recognize and talk honestly about
our mental health is the first step.
The ability to bounce back from hard times or to
deal with problems when they come is a big part
of good mental health. It wont keep bad things
from happening, but it helps us get past them
when they do.
Mental health is important at every stage in
our life.
Our mental health needs change throughout our
life. But being able to recognize and talk about
mental health is important in every life stage.
1. Understand gender differences in
stress
2 Eliminate what you can
3. Alter your perspective
4. Have some quick stress relievers
5. Maintain regular stress-relieving
habits
b Assefs fo buffer sfress b Assefs fo buffer sfress
I. Hove u huppy fumiIy
Z. Hove u sutisfying gob fhof give you direcfion,
ochievemenf, fosk in Iife ond finoncioI securify
3. Hobby sports recreutionuI ocfivifies fhof give you
resf, fun ond physicoI heoIfh
4. Hove o good cIose friends fhof give you socioI
supporf
^b. ReIigion und pructices
fhof gives you guidonce, direcfion ond fronquiIify
11/24/2011 Women Mental Health 2011 34 34
Four Quadrants of Life Four Quadrants of Life
You Work
Family Society
H Edu H Edu--HeoIfh Services HeoIfh Services
CIinicoI
EducofionoI
Troining
ConsuIfoncy
www.nheduheoIfh.com

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