Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
ISSUES TO ADDRESS...
In particular, if we specify...
--a composition (e.g., wt%Cu - wt%Ni), and --a temperature (T)
then...
How many phases do we get? What is the composition of each phase? How much of each phase do we get?
Chapter 9- 1
Phases:
The physically and chemically distinct material regions that result (e.g., a and b).
AluminumCopper Alloy
Chapter 9- 3
watersugar system
Chapter 9- 4
PHASE DIAGRAMS
Tell us about phases as function of T, Co, P. For this course:
--binary systems: just 2 components. --independent variables: T and Co (P = 1atm is always used).
Phase Diagram for Cu-Ni system
Adapted from Fig. 9.2(a), Callister 6e. (Fig. 9.2(a) is adapted from Phase Diagrams of Binary Nickel Alloys, P. Nash (Ed.), ASM International, Materials Park, OH (1991).
Chapter 9- 5
Examples:
Cu-Ni phase diagram
Adapted from Fig. 9.2(a), Callister 6e. (Fig. 9.2(a) is adapted from Phase Diagrams of Binary Nickel Alloys, P. Nash (Ed.), ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1991).
Chapter 9- 6
Examples:
Adapted from Fig. 9.2(b), Callister 6e. (Fig. 9.2(b) is adapted from Phase Diagrams of Binary Nickel Alloys, P. Nash (Ed.), ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1991.)
Chapter 9- 7
Examples:
Cu-Ni system
S 43 35 73wt % WL R S 43 32 Wa R R S
= 27wt%
Adapted from Fig. 9.2(b), Callister 6e. (Fig. 9.2(b) is adapted from Phase Diagrams of Binary Nickel Alloys, P. Nash (Ed.), ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1991.)
Chapter 9- 8
A geometric interpretation:
moment equilibrium:
WLR WaS 1 Wa
solving gives Lever Rule
Chapter 9- 9
System is:
--binary
i.e., 2 components: Cu and Ni.
Cu-Ni system
--isomorphous
i.e., complete solubility of one component in another; a phase field extends from 0 to 100wt% Ni.
Consider
Co = 35wt%Ni.
Adapted from Fig. 9.3, Callister 6e.
Chapter 9- 10
Chapter 9- 11
--Peak as a function of Co
--Min. as a function of Co
Chapter 9- 12
BINARY-EUTECTIC SYSTEMS
2 components
Adapted from Fig. 9.6, Callister 6e. (Fig. 9.6 adapted from Binary Phase Diagrams, 2nd ed., Vol. 1, T.B. Massalski (Editor-in-Chief), ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1990.) Chapter 9- 13
Adapted from Fig. 9.7, Callister 6e. (Fig. 9.7 adapted from Binary Phase Diagrams, 2nd ed., Vol. 3, T.B. Massalski (Editor-in-Chief), ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1990.) Chapter 9- 14
Adapted from Fig. 9.7, Callister 6e. (Fig. 9.7 adapted from Binary Phase Diagrams, 2nd ed., Vol. 3, T.B. Massalski (Editor-in-Chief), ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1990.) Chapter 9- 15
--polycrystal of a grains.
Chapter 9- 16
Pb-Sn system
Adapted from Fig. 9.10, Callister 6e.
Chapter 9- 17
Pb-Sn system
Adapted from Fig. 9.12, Callister 6e. (Fig. 9.12 from Metals Handbook, Vol. 9, 9th ed., Metallography and Microstructures, American Society for Metals, Materials Park, OH, 1985.) Adapted from Fig. 9.11, Callister 6e.
Chapter 9- 18
Pb-Sn system
Chapter 9- 19
(Figs. 9.12 and 9.15 from Metals Handbook, 9th ed., Vol. 9, Metallography and Microstructures, American Society for Metals, Materials Park, OH, 1985.)
(Adapted from Fig. 9.24, Callister 6e. (Fig. 9.24 from Metals Handbook, 9th ed., Vol. 9, Metallography and Microstructures, American Society for Metals, Materials Park, OH, 1985.)
Adapted from Fig. 9.21,Callister 6e. (Fig. 9.21 adapted from Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, 2nd ed., Vol. 1, T.B. Massalski (Ed.-in-Chief), ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1990.)
Chapter 9- 21
HYPOEUTECTOID STEEL
Adapted from Figs. 9.21 and 9.26,Callister 6e. (Fig. 9.21 adapted from Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, 2nd ed., Vol. 1, T.B. Massalski (Ed.-inChief), ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1990.)
Adapted from Fig. 9.27,Callister 6e. (Fig. 9.27 courtesy Republic Steel Corporation.)
Chapter 9- 22
HYPEREUTECTOID STEEL
Adapted from Figs. 9.21 and 9.29,Callister 6e. (Fig. 9.21 adapted from Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, 2nd ed., Vol. 1, T.B. Massalski (Ed.-inChief), ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1990.)
Adapted from Fig. 9.30,Callister 6e. (Fig. 9.30 copyright 1971 by United States Steel Corporation.)
Chapter 9- 23
Adapted from Fig. 9.31,Callister 6e. (Fig. 9.31 from Edgar C. Bain, Functions of the Alloying Elements in Steel, American Society for Metals, 1939, p. 127.)
Adapted from Fig. 9.32,Callister 6e. (Fig. 9.32 from Edgar C. Bain, Functions of the Alloying Elements in Steel, American Society for Metals, 1939, p. 127.)
Chapter 9- 24
SUMMARY
Phase diagrams are useful tools to determine:
--the number and types of phases, --the wt% of each phase, --and the composition of each phase
Chapter 9- 25
ANNOUNCEMENTS
Reading:
Core Problems:
Self-help Problems:
Chapter 9- 0