Our Lady of Fatima University Graduate School Valenzuela City

MAN 204 HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Prepared by: Cristalle Gay R. De la Cruz Second Semester AY 2011 - 2012

The Evolution of Human Resource Management

A. Industrial Revolution B. Growth and Development of Personnel Management in the Philippines C. The Changing Profile of Human Resource Management

The History of Human Resource Management

Pre Spanish Occupation 1521
Spanish Occupation 1521 1898 American Occupation 1898 1941

Japanese Occupation 1941 1946

Post War Period 1946 1971 Martial Law Period 1971 1985 Post Martial Law Period 1985 to date

Pre-Spanish Occupation 1521

The trade and commerce that existed among the natives, Chinese, Malays and other groups from other lands were conducted more on BARTER SYSTEM. No formal and permanent groups existed that would necessitate the organization of management and labor groups. The mayordomo system of the foreign groups took on a master-servant type of relationship with no written codes used as guidelines. Personnel management was not known and was unheard of during such period.

Spanish Occupation 1521 1898

There was some commerce between Manila and Spain through Mexico, business organizations were very loose and management labor relations was unheard of. The relationship that existed was between master and domestic servant or laborer which was regulated by the Civil Code of Spain, known as the Civil Code of 1889 and extended to the Philippines on December 7, 1889. The relationship between employers and workers was regulated in a very limited way by the Code of Commerce which governed more the trade and commercial transactions in the country. The plight of workers who were treated like laborers was lamentable due to the absence of labor laws that regulated employment. Unpaid forced labor was one of the reasons for the rise of reformists and their struggle to free the workers from the shackles of harsh and cruel employment conditions.

Spanish Occupation 1521 1898

Few schools were established; education was very minimal. Natives were generally illiterate and acutely unenlightened. The term rights was unheard of; much less labor management or personnel management. The enlightened leaders who were trained and educated abroad and who came back like J.P. Rizal and M.H. del Pilar led the Filipinos to rise up in arms for freedom and dignity.

American Occupation 1898 1941

The labor conditions during this period, though not forced and not as harsh as those in the previous foreign regime, were far from being fair and just. No labor laws were passed against oppressed women and child labor conditions. The farmlands and industrial workers, aside from oppressive working conditions, suffered from lack of proper avenues for ventilating their grievances, exacerbated by their fear of losing their jobs. Unionism which was an import from America was introduced due to increased trade and industry and became the feeble yet growing anchor for protection of workers rights. However, management effort to maintain and develop workers was virtually non-existent. More schools being established and the level of literacy and education raised, the spinoffs were workers enlightenment and concomitant desire to self-organize.

Japanese Occupation 1941 1946

World War II witnessed a suspension of the normal educational system. Filipino government leaders were co-opted by the Japanese in the governance of the land, the Japanese had their last say on policies and practices. The foreign occupants lording over the vanquished was an expected phenomenon in strife-torn areas while the battle was ranging. The five year war decimated big trade, business and industry activities and also annihilated whatever sparse management-labor relations existing before the period. The anemic union movement and labor management or personnel management was smothered temporarily.

 The period after war saw a change of tide in favor of personnel management. Its development and growth in the Philippines is primarily a post war phenomenon which attributes to: A. The increasing complexity of business operations B. The number of government regulations and labor laws promulgated in recent years C. The growth of labor unions D. The influx of new concepts in management Frenzied efforts to rise from the war debris were exerted. Rehabilitation programs assumed various forms of physical, governmental, educational, economic, and moral infrastructure which made people employable and busy. General skills were handy.

Post War Period 1946 1971

Post War Period 1946 1971