DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH

Name : M.H.Prasad Rao

Designation : HCCP
Branch : Commercial & Computer Practice
Institute : S.G.M Polytechnic, Abdullapurmet, RR Dist.
Year/Semester : III Semester
Subject : Quantitative Techniques - I
Subject Code : CCP-303
Topic : Mode
Duration : 50 Mts
Sub Topic : Calculation of Mode - Discrete series

Teaching Aids : Animations & PPT

CCP303.43 1
Objectives
On completion of this class, you would be able
to learn:

 Calculate Mode - Discrete Series

CCP303.43 2
Recap

Calculation of Mode
 Individual series

CCP303.43 3
Calculation of Mode
Discrete series

 In Discrete series, Mode can be determined

just by inspection
 Identify the highest frequency value
 The corresponding ‘x’ value with highest
frequency is Mode

CCP303.43 4
Example 1

Size of garment No. of persons

28 10

29 20

30 40

31 65

32 50

33 15

CCP303.43 5
Solution to Ex. 1 :

 On observing data, notice that 65 has maximum

frequency
 Corresponding variable (size of garment ) for 65 is
31
 Modal size of garment is 31

CCP303.43 6
Discrete series – Grouping Table

 In inspection of data, error of judgment is possible

 Therefore, Grouping Table is prepared:
 Where difference between maximum frequency
and frequency preceding (or) succeeding it, is very
small
 When items are heavily concentrated on either
side

CCP303.43 7
Tables required:
 In cases explained earlier, prepare following tables
to know Modal value

 A grouping Table
 Analysis Table

CCP303.43 8
Preparation of Grouping Table
Steps:

 A Grouping Table has six columns

 1st column: frequency given in problem.
 2nd column: frequencies are grouped in two’s
 3rd column: leave the first frequencies and then group the
remaining in two’s
 4th column: group the frequencies in three’s
 5th column: leave the first frequency and group the remaining in
three’s
 6th column: leave the first two frequencies and group
remaining in three’s
Note: Encircle max. frequency in each column

CCP303.43 9
Preparation of Analysis table
Steps:

 Put column numbers on the left-hand side

 Write variable (x) values of Mode on right hand
side
 Observe max. frequency in Grouping Table
 Put tally bars ( | ) in the Analysis Table against
respective variable
 Calculate Total of each variable (No. of times
repeated)

CCP303.43 10
Example 2:
 From the following data of the height of 100
persons in a company, determine the modal
height:

Height in inches No. of persons

58 4
60 6
61 5
62 10
63 20
64 22
65 24
66 6
68 2
70 1

CCP303.43 11
Why Grouping Table is prepared for this
problem?

Explanation:

 Since the frequencies 20, 22, 24 are highly

concentrated at height of 63, 64, 65 inches
respectively, there is need to prepare Grouping &
Analysis Tables to find Modal height

CCP303.43 12
Solution: Grouping Table
Ht. s Col 1 Col 2 Col 3 Col 4 Col 5 Col 6

58 4
10
60 6 15
11
61 5 21
15
62 10 35
30
63 20 52
42
64 22 66
46
65 24 52
30
66 6 32
8
68 2 9
3
70 1

CCP303.43 13
 Solution : Analysis table
Col V A R I A B L E S

No. 58 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 68 70

I /

II / /

III / /

IV / / /

V / / /

VI / / /

Total 1 3 5 4 1

CCP303.43 14
Solution contd

 Notice that variable 64 occurred maximum no. of

times. Therefore, Modal height is 64 inches

 Modal value is 65 on inspection. It is an example

of error of judgment, proved in Analysis and
Grouping tables.

CCP303.43 15
Summary

Mode – Discrete series

 In a discrete series Mode is the value which has

highest frequency
 If frequencies are highly concentrated between
two or three variables Mode can be derived by
preparing grouping & Analysis table

CCP303.43 16
 Quiz – Objective Type

1 In discrete series, mode can be determined just by

a) discussion
b) inspection
c) regression
d) none of the above

2 These tables help us to know the modal value

a) frequency tables
b) grouping tables
c) analysis tables
d) grouping and analysis tables

CCP303.43 17
Frequently Asked Questions:

1 Calculate the mode from the following frequency

distribution of marks at a test in statistics:

Marks : 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
No. of
students: 20 43 75 67 72 45 39 9 8 6

CCP303.43 18
1. From the following distribution of the wages
of 50 workers in a factory , find the modal
wage by using grouping table:

Daily wages 4 5 7 8 10 11 13 14 16
in Rs.
No of. Wage 2 3 2 6 10 11 12 13 1
earners

CCP303.43 19
 Assignment

1. Find the mode of the following series

Value: 10 20 30 40 50 60
Frequency: 5 15 20 35 12 8

2. Find the mode of the following series

Value: 10 15 20 25 30 40 50
Frequency: 40 80 70 78 75 30 15

3. Find Mode
Marks: 20 30 40 50 60 70
Frequency: 5 20 25 25 12 10

CCP303.43 20