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PHYSIOLOGY

of

the

REPRODUCTIVE

SYSTEM

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• Preservation

. Propagation
jon bon jovi
eva longoria
MALE & FEMALE GONADS
 SEXUAL DIFFERENTIATION

• Genetic sex
• Gonadal sex
• Genital sex
> Gender assignment
ru paul
The

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 SPERMATOGENESIS
• Phase 1: stem cell renewal and
proliferation of spermatogonia

• Phase 2: germ cell proliferation

• Phase 3: spermiogenesis
• Meiosis involves two successive
divisions of a diploid (2N) eukaryotic
cell of a sexually reproducing organism
that result in four haploid (N) progeny
cells, each with half of the genetic
material of the original cell. Through
the mechanisms by which paternal and
maternal chromosomes segregate, and
the process of crossing-over, genetic
variation is produced in the haploid
cells.
MEIOSIS
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OOGENESIS
The Menstrual Cycle
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PUBERTY
PREGNANCY
 EVENTS OF PREGNANCY
I. Copulation
(1) excitement phase;
(2) plateau phase;
(3) orgasmic phase
(4) resolution phase.
MALE SEXUAL FUNCTIONING

• 1. flaccid phase
• 2. tumescence phase
• 3. Full erection phase
• 4. rigid phase
 Descending CNS pathways input from penis
triggered by thoughts, emotions mechanoreceptors
and sensory inputs such as
sight and smell
NEURONS TO PENIS

increased activity of neurons that

release nitric oxide
decreased activity of sympathetic
neurons

dilation of penile arteries

erection

compression of veins
 EVENTS OF PREGNANCY
I. Copulation
A. Female Sexual Functioning
1. Parasympathetic impulses
2. spinal cord reflexes
3. cervix opens post orgasm x 20 to
30 minutes
4. capacitation
 EVENTS OF PREGNANCY
• II. Fertilization
– . timing
. egg transport
. capacitation
 EVENTS OF PREGNANCY
• III. Implantation
conceptus
Blastocyst
trophoblast
Inner cell mass
Integrins
Laminins
Osteopontin
Fibronectin
 EVENTS OF PREGNANCY
• IV Placentation
 EVENTS OF PREGNANCY
• V. Parturition
increased stretch of uterine
wall

Prostaglandin UTERINE
Secretion by CONTRACTIONS reflexes
Uterus originating in
birth canal

I N C R E A S E D
oxytocin oxytocin
receptors in secretion
myometrium by posterior pituitary
 EVENTS OF PREGNANCY
• VI. LACTATION
SUCKLING

NIPPLE MECHANORECEPTOR
STIMULATION

Hypothalamus Posterior Pituitary

DOPAMINE SECRETION
PRF SECRETION OXYTOCIN SECRETION

PLASMA DOPAMINE
PLASMA PRF

Anterior Pituitary
PROLACTIN SECRETION PLASMA OXYTOCIN

PLASMA PROLACTIN

Breasts
GLAND SELL STIMULATION CONTRACTION OF MYOEPITHELIAL CELLS

MILK SYNTHESIS MILK EJECTION

 EVENTS OF PREGNANCY
• VI Lactation
 EVENTS OF PREGNANCY
• VII. CONTRACEPTION
go forth and multiply…..

The end